1 Samuel 19:7

Translation
King James Version
And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan shewed him all those things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as in times past.
Ask
KJV (with Strong's)
And Jonathan H3083 called H7121 David H1732, and Jonathan H3083 shewed H5046 him all those things H1697. And Jonathan H3083 brought H935 David H1732 to Saul H7586, and he was in his presence H6440, as in times past H865 H8032.
Ask
Complete Jewish Bible
Y'honatan called David and told him all these things. Then Y'honatan brought David to Sha'ul to be in attendance on the king, as before.
Ask
Berean Standard Bible
So Jonathan summoned David and told him all these things. Then Jonathan brought David to Saul to serve him as he had before.
Ask
American Standard Version
And Jonathan called David, and Jonathan showed him all those things. And Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as beforetime.
Ask
World English Bible Messianic
Jonathan called David, and Jonathan showed him all those things. Jonathan brought David to Saul, and he was in his presence, as before.
Ask
Geneva Bible (1599)
So Ionathan called Dauid, and Ionathan shewed him all those words, and Ionathan brought Dauid to Saul, and hee was in his presence as in times past.
Ask
Young's Literal Translation
And Jonathan calleth for David, and Jonathan declareth to him all these words, and Jonathan bringeth in David unto Saul, and he is before him as heretofore.
Ask
See also
1 Samuel 18:21 Samuel 16:211 Samuel 18:131 Samuel 18:10Genesis 31:2Exodus 4:10Isaiah 30:33
See on the biblical-era map
David on the Run (Part 1)
David on the Run (Part 1) View full PDF

Map © Biblica Open Bible Maps · CC BY-SA 4.0

In the KJVVerse 7,714 of 31,102

Study This Verse

SUMMARY

1 Samuel 19:7 details a pivotal, albeit temporary, reprieve in the escalating conflict between King Saul and David. Following Jonathan's courageous and compelling intercession, Saul momentarily abandons his murderous intentions. The verse highlights Jonathan's crucial role as mediator, first informing David of Saul's change of heart and then physically escorting him back into the royal court, thereby restoring David to his former position of favor and trust. This fragile reconciliation underscores the profound bond between Jonathan and David, even as it foreshadows the continued volatility of Saul's reign.

CONTEXT

  • Literary Context: This verse is the immediate outcome of a deeply dramatic and tense confrontation detailed in 1 Samuel 19:1-6. Prior to this, King Saul, consumed by intense jealousy over David's military prowess and burgeoning popularity, had openly commanded his son Jonathan and all his servants to kill David (1 Samuel 19:1). However, Jonathan, whose soul was "knit with the soul of David" as established in their covenant of friendship (1 Samuel 18:1-4), bravely defied his father's decree. He passionately pleaded David's case before Saul, reminding the king of David's loyal service, his heroic defeat of Goliath, and the great deliverance he had brought to Israel (1 Samuel 19:4-5). Miraculously, Saul listened to Jonathan's reasoning and, swearing by the Lord, promised that David would not be killed (1 Samuel 19:6). Verse 7, therefore, represents the immediate, though ultimately fleeting, restoration of David's status, a direct testament to Jonathan's successful intercession. The narrative tension, however, will quickly resurface, revealing the deep-seated instability of Saul's character.
  • Historical & Cultural Context: The setting is the nascent Israelite monarchy, a period of transition from a tribal confederacy to a more centralized kingdom under a king. In ancient Near Eastern cultures, a king's word, especially an oath sworn "as the Lord lives," carried immense authority and was generally considered binding, even if later violated due to changing circumstances or temperament. Jonathan's act of defying his father's command was extraordinarily courageous and risky, as it could have been construed as treason. The concept of being "in his presence" (לִפְנֵי, lifnei) before the king was a significant indicator of favor, trust, and access, often implying a formal role within the royal court as a counselor, military leader, or musician. David had previously held such a position (1 Samuel 16:21-23), and his restoration to this status marked a return to normalcy. The deep value placed on friendship and covenant in ancient Israel is profoundly exemplified by Jonathan's selfless loyalty, which transcended even his filial duty and potential claim to the throne.
  • Key Themes: This verse powerfully illustrates several enduring themes within the book of Samuel. Firstly, it showcases Jonathan's Unwavering Loyalty and Intercession, highlighting his selfless devotion to David, even at great personal risk. His actions serve as a profound example of true covenantal friendship and courageous advocacy, prioritizing righteousness over dynastic ambition. Secondly, it starkly reveals Saul's Volatile and Unstable Nature. His sudden shift from murderous rage to a temporary reconciliation underscores his erratic emotional and spiritual state, a pattern that consistently defines his reign and his deteriorating relationship with David. This instability stands in stark contrast to David's more consistent character. Thirdly, the passage subtly but powerfully points to Divine Protection and Providence over David's life. Despite Saul's repeated attempts to eliminate him, God consistently orchestrates David's safety, often through unexpected human agents like Jonathan, ensuring His sovereign plan for David's future kingship remains on track, as foretold by David's anointing (1 Samuel 16:1-13). Finally, the phrase "as in times past" signifies a Temporary Restoration of peace and David's position, a brief respite before the inevitable resurgence of Saul's jealousy and renewed persecution.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

  • Called (Hebrew, qârâʼ', H7121): This verb (H7121) signifies Jonathan's proactive and deliberate initiative. Having successfully interceded with his father, Jonathan does not delay but immediately summons David. This "calling out to" or "addressing by name" implies an urgent and purposeful communication, reflecting the gravity of the situation and Jonathan's eagerness to convey the good news and facilitate reconciliation. His active role in summoning David underscores his position as the primary agent of this temporary peace.
  • Shewed (Hebrew, nâgad', H5046): The verb "shewed" (H5046) in "shewed him all those things" means "to manifest," "to declare," or "to announce." It implies a full and transparent disclosure. Jonathan did not merely give David a summary but laid out "all those things"—the entirety of his conversation with Saul, including his passionate plea and, crucially, Saul's solemn oath not to harm David. This act of full disclosure was vital for David, who had been living under a death threat, building trust and providing the necessary context for his return.
  • Presence (Hebrew, pânîym', H6440): The word "presence" (H6440, plural but used singularly) literally means "face" and is used in a wide variety of applications, often signifying "before," "in the sight of," or "in the favor of." To be "in his presence" (לִפְנֵי, lifnei) before the king meant to have access, favor, and a recognized position within the royal court. This indicates David's full restoration to his former status and duties, implying that the overt hostility had ceased for the moment, and David could resume his normal life and service within the palace, enjoying the king's (temporary) favor.

Verse Breakdown

  • "And Jonathan called David": This opening clause emphasizes Jonathan's immediate and decisive action following his successful intercession with Saul. It portrays him as the active agent, taking the initiative to locate David and communicate the crucial news, highlighting his role as a faithful friend and mediator.
  • "and Jonathan shewed him all those things": This clause reveals Jonathan's transparency and thoroughness. He didn't just summon David; he fully informed him of the entire conversation with Saul, including the king's sworn oath. This act of full disclosure was essential to reassure David, who had been in mortal danger, and to provide the necessary context for his return to the court.
  • "And Jonathan brought David to Saul": This is the culmination of Jonathan's efforts, demonstrating the tangible result of his intercession. He personally escorts David into the king's presence, serving as a visible guarantor of David's safety and a public affirmation of the temporary reconciliation. This act is highly significant, as it publicly restores David's status and signifies Saul's (momentary) acceptance, entirely facilitated by Jonathan's courage and influence.
  • "and he was in his presence, as in times past": This final clause describes the outcome: David's full restoration to his former position and duties within Saul's court. The phrase "as in times past" signifies a return to normalcy, where David could resume his role as a trusted servant, musician, and military leader, free from immediate threat. This marks a brief, fragile period of peace and renewed favor before Saul's jealousy would inevitably resurface.

Literary Devices

The passage employs several literary devices to convey its meaning and emotional depth. Characterization is prominent, vividly portraying Jonathan's unwavering loyalty, courage, and selflessness in stark contrast to Saul's volatile, impulsive, and ultimately unstable nature. Jonathan acts as a foil to Saul, highlighting the king's moral and spiritual decline and the destructive power of unchecked jealousy. Dramatic Irony is present, as the reader is aware that Saul's "change of heart" is temporary and that his murderous intent will inevitably resurface, making the "peace" of this verse poignant and fragile. This creates a sense of Foreshadowing of future conflicts, indicating that this reconciliation is merely a brief interlude in David's long struggle for survival. The narrative also uses Repetition of Jonathan's name and actions ("Jonathan called David, and Jonathan shewed him... And Jonathan brought David...") to underscore his central and decisive role in this moment of reconciliation and to emphasize his steadfast commitment to David.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

This verse beautifully illustrates the power of intercession and the steadfastness of divine providence even amidst human treachery and volatile leadership. Jonathan's courageous advocacy for David is a profound example of selfless love and loyalty, reflecting a covenantal bond that transcends familial and political allegiances. Theologically, it demonstrates how God often works through human agents, even unexpected ones, to accomplish His purposes, protecting His chosen ones even when they are in grave danger. Saul's temporary change of heart, brought about by Jonathan's reasoning and God's unseen hand, underscores the divine control over the hearts of kings and the unpredictable nature of human will when not fully submitted to God. This episode serves as a powerful reminder that God's plan for David's kingship would not be thwarted, even by the most determined opposition, and that His faithfulness extends to preserving those He has chosen.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

The narrative of 1 Samuel 19:7 offers timeless insights for believers navigating complex relationships and challenging circumstances. Jonathan's example calls us to courageous intercession and selfless friendship. In a world often marked by self-interest and division, his willingness to risk his own safety and future for David's sake challenges us to be advocates for the vulnerable, to speak truth to power, and to stand by those who are unjustly treated. It reminds us that true friendship is not merely companionship but a covenantal commitment to uphold and protect one another, even when it is costly or inconvenient. Furthermore, this passage encourages us to trust in God's sovereign protection amidst adversity. Just as David was preserved through Jonathan's unexpected intervention, we can rest assured that God has countless means to deliver us from harm and fulfill His purposes in our lives. Even when circumstances seem dire or relationships are volatile, we are called to maintain faith, knowing that God's plan will ultimately prevail, and that He can turn the hearts of kings and adversaries.

Questions for Reflection

  • In what ways can I emulate Jonathan's courage and selflessness in my own friendships and relationships, especially when it requires speaking up for others?
  • How does this passage encourage me to trust in God's protection when facing opposition or difficult situations that seem beyond my control?
  • Are there individuals in my life for whom I need to intercede, either through prayer or direct advocacy, following Jonathan's example?
  • What does Saul's volatile nature teach me about the importance of spiritual stability, emotional self-control, and consistent obedience to God's will?

FAQ

Why did Saul change his mind so quickly after commanding David's death?

Answer: Saul's rapid change of heart in 1 Samuel 19:6 and his subsequent acceptance of David in 1 Samuel 19:7 is primarily attributed to Jonathan's powerful and logical intercession. Jonathan reminded Saul of David's loyal service, his heroic defeat of Goliath, and how David had risked his life for Israel's deliverance. This appeal to Saul's conscience and patriotism, coupled with Jonathan's own deep respect for David, seems to have temporarily swayed the king. Additionally, it's important to recognize Saul's inherent instability and volatile temperament, which often led to sudden shifts in mood and decision-making. While he swore an oath "as the Lord lives," his spiritual and emotional state was deeply troubled, often afflicted by an evil spirit (1 Samuel 16:14), making his periods of sanity and reason fleeting. Ultimately, God's sovereign hand was also at work, protecting David for His future plans and ensuring His divine purpose would be accomplished.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

The temporary peace and restoration experienced by David in 1 Samuel 19:7, mediated by Jonathan's courageous intercession, powerfully foreshadows the ultimate and eternal peace secured through the intercession of Jesus Christ. Jonathan, the king's son and heir, steps into the gap to plead for David, risking his own life and position to reconcile David to the reigning king. This mirrors Christ, the eternal Son of God and heir of all things, who humbled Himself to become our perfect advocate and mediator (1 Timothy 2:5). Just as Jonathan "brought David to Saul" and restored him to the king's presence, Jesus, our great High Priest, brings us, who were once enemies of God and alienated from Him, into the very presence of the Father, reconciling us through His sacrificial death (Romans 5:10 and Ephesians 2:13-16). Jonathan's oath from Saul was temporary and ultimately broken due to Saul's unstable nature, but Christ's sacrifice and intercession provide a lasting, unbreakable covenant of peace and reconciliation, securing our eternal access to God's grace (Hebrews 7:25 and Hebrews 9:12). David's life was preserved through divine protection for his future kingship, serving as a type of the ultimate King, Jesus, whose life was preserved through divine power to accomplish His redemptive mission and establish His eternal, unshakable kingdom (John 10:28 and Hebrews 12:28). Thus, Jonathan's noble act points us to the infinitely greater and perfect intercession of our Lord Jesus Christ, who secures not just temporary peace, but eternal reconciliation, access to God, and everlasting life for all who believe.

Copy as

Commentary on 1 Samuel 19 verses 1–7

I. II. Main points1. 2. Sub-points(1.) (2.) Details

Saul and Jonathan appear here in their different characters, with reference to David.

I. Never was enemy so unreasonably cruel as Saul. He spoke to his son and all his servants that they should kill David, Sa1 19:1. His projects to take him off had failed, and therefore he proclaims him an out-law, and charges all about him, upon their allegiance, to take the first opportunity to kill David. It is strange that he was not ashamed thus to avow his malice when he could give no reason for it, and that knowing all his servants loved David (for so he had said himself, Sa1 18:22), he was not afraid of provoking them to rebel by this bloody order. Either malice was not then so politic, or justice was not so corrupted as it has been since, or else Saul would have had him indicted, and have suborned witnesses to swear treason against him, and so have had him taken off, as Naboth was, by colour of law. But there is least danger from this undisguised malice. It was strange that he who knew how well Jonathan loved him should expect him to kill him; but he thought that because he was heir to the crown he must needs be as envious at David as himself was. And Providence ordered it thus that he might befriend David's safety.

II. Never was friend so surprisingly kind as Jonathan. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Such a one Jonathan was to David. He not only continued to delight much in him, though David's glory eclipsed his, but bravely appeared for him now that the stream ran so strongly against him.

1.He took care for his present security by letting him know his danger (Sa1 19:2): "Take heed to thyself, and keep out of harm's way." Jonathan knew not but that some of the servants might be either so obsequious to Saul or so envious at David as to put the orders in execution which Saul had given, if they could light on David.

2.He took pains to pacify his father and reconcile him to David. The next morning he ventured to commune with him concerning David (Sa1 19:3), not that night, perhaps because he observed Saul to be drunk and not fit to be spoken to, or because he hoped that, when he had slept upon it, he would himself revoke the order, or because he could not have an opportunity of speaking to him till morning.

(1.)His intercession for David was very prudent. It was managed with a great deal of the meekness of wisdom; and he showed himself faithful to his friends by speaking good of him, though he was in danger of incurring his father's displeasure by it - a rare instance of valuable friendship! He pleads, [1.] The good services David had done to the public, and particularly to Saul: His work has been to thee-ward very good, Sa1 19:4. Witness the relief he had given him against his distemper with his harp, and his bold encounter with Goliath, that memorable action, which did, in effect, save Saul's life and kingdom. He appeals to himself concerning his: Thou thyself sawest it, and didst rejoice. In that and other instances it appeared that David was a favourite of heaven and a friend to Israel, as well as a good servant to Saul, for by him the Lord wrought a great salvation for all Israel; so that to order him to be slain was not only base ingratitude to so good a servant, but a great affront to God and a great injury to the public. [2.] He pleads his innocency. Though he had formerly done many good offices, yet, if he had now been chargeable with any crimes, it would have been another matter; but he has not sinned against thee (Sa1 19:1), his blood is innocent (Sa1 19:5), and, if he be slain, it is without cause. And Jonathan had therefore reason to protest against it because he could not entail any thing upon his family more pernicious than the guilt of innocent blood.

(2.)His intercession, being thus prudent, was prevalent. God inclined the heart of Saul to hearken to the voice of Jonathan. Note, We must be willing to hear reason, and to take all reproofs and good advice even from our inferiors, parents from their own children. How forcible are right words! Saul was, for the present, so far convinced of the unreasonableness of his enmity to David that, [1.] He recalled the bloody warrant for his execution (Sa1 19:6): As the Lord liveth, he shall not be slain. Whether Saul swore here with due solemnity or no does not appear; perhaps he did, and the matter was of such moment as to deserve it and of such uncertainty as to need it. But at other times Saul swore rashly and profanely, which made the sincerity of this oath justly questionable; for it may be feared that those who can so far jest with an oath as to make a by-word of it, and prostitute it to a trifle, have not such a due sense of the obligation of it but that, to serve a turn, they will prostitute it to a lie. Some suspect that Saul said and swore this with a malicious design to bring David within his reach again, intending to take the first opportunity to slay him. But, as bad as Saul was, we can scarcely think so ill of him; and therefore we suppose that he spoke as he thought for the present, but the convictions soon wore off and his corruptions prevailed and triumphed over them. [2.] He renewed the grant of his place at court. Jonathan brought him to Saul, and he was in his presence as in times past (Sa1 19:7), hoping that now the storm was over, and that his friend Jonathan would be instrumental to keep his father always in this good mind.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 1–7. Public domain.
Copy as
BedeAD 735
Commentary on Samuel
And Jonathan brought David to Saul, etc. Jonathan speaks well of David to Saul, and is heard, as the apostles preaching about Christ catechize the Jews, gaining their faith. He introduces the same one when, baptizing them, they refresh them with the flesh and blood of Christ, instruct them in the precepts of Christ, and strengthen them with the love of Christ. He becomes before him as he was yesterday and the day before when the listeners of this age received him with the same faith, hope, and charity that those who saw him in the flesh from that people, recognized him as God, or hoped for him to come in the flesh from ages past.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
Copy as

Continue studying 1 Samuel 19:7 across the web’s major study libraries — every link below opens this exact verse, chapter, or book on the destination site.

Read & Compare

Commentaries

Original Language & Research

Sermons, Hymns & Audio

TrulyRandomVerse is not affiliated with these sites and doesn’t control their content. They’re linked because they’re genuinely useful.