Matthew 24:7

KJV

For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom: and there shall be famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes, in divers places.

KJV (with Strong's)

For {G1063} nation {G1484} shall rise {G1453} against {G1909} nation {G1484}, and {G2532} kingdom {G932} against {G1909} kingdom {G932}: and {G2532} there shall be {G2071} famines {G3042}, and {G2532} pestilences {G3061}, and {G2532} earthquakes {G4578}, in divers {G2596} places {G5117}.

Complete Jewish Bible

For peoples will fight each other, nations will fight each other, and there will be famines and earthquakes in various parts of the world;

Berean Standard Bible

Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and earthquakes in various places.

American Standard Version

For nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom; and there shall be famines and earthquakes in divers places.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Matthew 24:7, a pivotal verse within Jesus' Olivet Discourse, serves as a solemn prophecy detailing a series of escalating global tribulations that will precede His second coming and the consummation of the age. It foretells a future marked by widespread geopolitical strife, encompassing both international wars and internal ethnic conflicts, alongside devastating natural calamities such as famines, pestilences, and earthquakes, all occurring in various locations across the earth. Jesus characterizes these events not as the end itself, but as the "beginning of sorrows," akin to labor pains, signaling the imminent arrival of a new era.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Matthew 24:7 is nestled within Jesus' extensive eschatological discourse, delivered privately to His disciples on the Mount of Olives in response to their questions about the signs of His coming and the end of the age (as prompted by [Matthew 24:3](/matthew/24-3 "Matthew 24:3 - The Disciples' Question")). This verse immediately follows Jesus' warning against deception and false messiahs ([Matthew 24:4-5](/matthew/24-4-5 "Matthew 24:4-5 - Warnings Against Deception")). It is part of a sequence of "signs" that Jesus describes, which, while significant, are explicitly stated in the subsequent verse, [Matthew 24:8](/matthew/24-8 "Matthew 24:8 - The Beginning of Sorrows"), to be merely "the beginning of sorrows" or "birth pangs"—events that increase in frequency and intensity, but still precede the ultimate end. The discourse then progresses to describe persecution of believers, the rise of false prophets, the preaching of the gospel to all nations, and ultimately, the Great Tribulation and Jesus' glorious return.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Jesus' audience, primarily Jewish disciples, would have been familiar with Old Testament prophetic traditions concerning a "Day of the Lord" marked by divine judgment, cosmic disturbances, and national upheaval (e.g., [Isaiah 13:9-13](/isaiah/13-9-13 "Isaiah 13:9-13 - The Day of the Lord"), [Joel 2:30-31](/joel/2-30-31 "Joel 2:30-31 - Signs in the Heavens")). The Roman Empire, under whose dominion Judea then lay, was a vast and often tumultuous entity, experiencing periodic revolts, famines, and local disasters. The concept of "nation rising against nation" would resonate with the frequent ethnic tensions and rebellions within the empire, as well as broader imperial conflicts. "Pestilences" and "famines" were common scourges in the ancient world, often following wars or natural disasters, and "earthquakes" were a known threat in the seismically active Mediterranean region. Jesus' prophecy, however, elevates these familiar occurrences to a global and prophetic scale, indicating their significance as divine markers in the unfolding of history.
* **Key Themes:** Matthew 24:7 contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the Olivet Discourse and the broader New Testament eschatology. Firstly, it underscores the theme of **Global Tribulation and Disorder**, portraying a world increasingly embroiled in conflict and suffering, a stark contrast to the peace of God's coming kingdom. Secondly, it highlights the **Sovereignty of God** over history; these events are not random chaos but are part of a divinely ordained sequence, serving as signs that point to a greater purpose. Thirdly, the verse, especially when read with [Matthew 24:8](/matthew/24-8 "Matthew 24:8 - The Beginning of Sorrows"), introduces the theme of **"Birth Pangs" (ὠδίνες)**, a powerful metaphor suggesting that these escalating trials are necessary precursors to the "birth" of the new age and Christ's glorious return, implying both pain and ultimate promise. Finally, it implicitly calls for **Watchfulness and Endurance** from believers, as these signs are given not to cause fear, but to prompt spiritual alertness and faithful perseverance in the face of escalating global turmoil, as further emphasized in passages like [Matthew 24:42](/matthew/24-42 "Matthew 24:42 - Be Watchful").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **nation (Greek, _éthnos'_):** G1484. Derived probably from ἔθω, meaning a race or tribe, often by implication referring to a foreign or non-Jewish people (Gentile, heathen). In this context, it signifies distinct ethnic or national groups, highlighting conflicts not only between political states but also between peoples of common habit or origin, emphasizing the widespread nature of human division.
* **rise (Greek, _egeírō'_):** G1453. Probably akin to the base of ἀγορά (through the idea of collecting one's faculties), meaning to waken or rouse. It can refer to rising from sleep, from a prone position, from inactivity, or even from nonexistence. Here, it denotes an active, aggressive movement or uprising of one group against another, emphasizing the initiation of conflict and hostile action.
* **pestilences (Greek, _loimós'_):):** G3061. Of uncertain affinity, referring to a plague or pest. This term specifically denotes widespread infectious diseases or epidemics, bringing about significant suffering and death on a large scale. While its presence in some ancient manuscripts of Matthew 24:7 is debated, its inclusion in the KJV text aligns with the broader prophetic context of widespread human suffering and divine judgment.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"For nation shall rise against nation":** This clause introduces a period of intense geopolitical and ethnic strife. The Greek _éthnos_ (nation) encompasses both political entities and distinct ethnic groups, suggesting conflicts that transcend mere state borders to include internal tribal or racial hostilities. This indicates a pervasive breakdown of peace and increasing global unrest.
* **"and kingdom against kingdom":** Parallel to the preceding phrase, this emphasizes large-scale, organized warfare between established political powers. The repetition and parallelism underscore the pervasive and escalating nature of global conflict that will characterize the end times, moving beyond localized skirmishes to full-scale international confrontations.
* **"and there shall be famines":** Following the conflicts, Jesus predicts widespread food shortages. Famines are often a direct consequence of war, which disrupts agriculture, supply chains, and economic stability, leading to widespread starvation and immense human suffering.
* **"and pestilences":** This refers to widespread epidemics or plagues. Such diseases often follow periods of conflict and famine, exacerbated by poor sanitation, displacement, and weakened populations, causing further devastation and loss of life on a massive scale.
* **"and earthquakes":** Jesus includes natural disasters, specifically significant geological disturbances. Earthquakes cause immense destruction to infrastructure, loss of life, and contribute to the overall instability and distress of the predicted period, adding another dimension to the global turmoil.
* **"in divers places":** The Greek _katá tópos_ (according to place) indicates that these events will not be confined to a single region or isolated incident but will occur in various, disparate locations across the globe. This suggests a widespread, yet not necessarily simultaneous or universally encompassing, pattern of distress, highlighting the global nature of these "birth pangs."

#### Literary Devices
Matthew 24:7 employs several powerful literary devices to convey its prophetic message. **Parallelism** is evident in the phrase "nation shall rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom," which uses synonymous parallelism to intensify the description of widespread conflict, emphasizing both ethnic and political dimensions of strife. The verse also utilizes **enumeration** by listing "famines, and pestilences, and earthquakes." This catalogue of disasters creates a cumulative effect, painting a comprehensive picture of the multifaceted suffering and instability that will characterize the end times. The phrase "in divers places" functions as a **qualifier**, specifying the geographical scope of these events—widespread but not necessarily universal at any given moment, adding a layer of realism and pervasiveness to the prophecy. While not directly in this verse, the broader context of [Matthew 24:8](/matthew/24-8 "Matthew 24:8 - The Beginning of Sorrows") introduces the powerful **metaphor** of "birth pangs," which frames these enumerated calamities as necessary, intensifying precursors to a new, glorious reality.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Matthew 24:7 presents a sobering theological reality: the world, prior to Christ's glorious return, will experience increasing levels of distress and disorder. These events are not random occurrences but serve as divinely appointed "signs of the times," fulfilling prophetic scripture and signaling the approaching culmination of God's redemptive plan. The theological implication is that God remains sovereign over history, even amidst chaos and suffering, using these events to draw humanity's attention to His ultimate purposes and the urgency of the gospel. They serve as a stark reminder of the fallenness of creation and the pervasive effects of sin, which manifest not only in human conflict but also in the groaning of the natural world. For believers, these signs are meant to foster spiritual vigilance, not despair, reinforcing the hope of Christ's certain return and the establishment of His eternal kingdom of peace.

* [Mark 13:8](/mark/13-8 "Mark 13:8 - The Beginning of Sorrows in Mark")
* [Luke 21:10-11](/luke/21-10-11 "Luke 21:10-11 - Signs of the End in Luke")
* [Revelation 6:3-8](/revelation/6-3-8 "Revelation 6:3-8 - The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Matthew 24:7 is not merely a historical prediction but a profound call to spiritual discernment and steadfastness for every generation of believers. In a world increasingly characterized by geopolitical tensions, natural disasters, and global health crises, this verse reminds us that these are not anomalies but part of a larger, divinely orchestrated narrative. Rather than succumbing to fear or cynicism, believers are called to cultivate a posture of hopeful realism. We are to be acutely aware of the world's brokenness, recognizing these "birth pangs" as indicators of the approaching new creation, yet simultaneously grounded in the unchanging truth of God's sovereignty and Christ's ultimate victory. This awareness should fuel our commitment to living faithfully, pursuing justice, extending compassion to those affected by suffering, and urgently proclaiming the gospel of peace and redemption to a world in turmoil. Our hope is not in the cessation of these troubles, but in the One who overcomes them and will bring all things to their appointed end.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does understanding these global events as "birth pangs" change your perspective on current world affairs?**
* **What specific actions can you take to live faithfully and share the hope of Christ amidst increasing global instability?**
* **How can the church best prepare for and respond to the escalating famines, pestilences, and conflicts that Jesus foretold?**

### FAQ

**Does Matthew 24:7 mean that every war, famine, or earthquake is a direct sign of the end times?**

Answer: Not necessarily. Jesus states that these events are "the beginning of sorrows" ([Matthew 24:8](/matthew/24-8 "Matthew 24:8 - The Beginning of Sorrows")), implying that they are general indicators that will increase in frequency and intensity as the end approaches, rather than isolated events signaling the immediate return of Christ. Wars, famines, and earthquakes have occurred throughout history. The prophetic significance lies in their global prevalence, their increasing intensity, and their cumulative effect as part of a larger pattern of distress that characterizes the "birth pangs" leading up to the end of the age and Christ's second coming. Believers are called to discern the overall pattern and trajectory, not to pinpoint specific dates or events.

**What is the significance of "in divers places"?**

Answer: The phrase "in divers places" (Greek: _katá tópos_) signifies that these tribulations—wars, famines, pestilences, and earthquakes—will not be confined to a single geographical region but will occur in various, widespread locations across the globe. This emphasizes the global nature of the distress, indicating that no single nation or region will be entirely exempt from these patterns of suffering. It suggests a pervasive, worldwide phenomenon, rather than a localized or isolated series of events, underscoring the universal scope of the "birth pangs" leading to the end.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While Matthew 24:7 describes events that precede Christ's return rather than directly prophesying His first coming, it finds its profound Christ-centered fulfillment in several ways. Firstly, it is Jesus Himself who, as the divine Prophet, authoritatively declares these signs, demonstrating His omniscience and sovereign control over history. His words assure believers that even amidst global chaos, His plan is unfolding precisely as foretold, leading to His glorious advent. Secondly, these "birth pangs" ultimately point to the "birth" of the new age, inaugurated by Christ's second coming. The suffering described in [Matthew 24:7](/matthew/24-7 "Matthew 24:7 - Signs of the End") serves as a stark reminder of the world's desperate need for the King of Peace, whose ultimate reign will bring an end to all wars, famines, and suffering ([Revelation 21:4](/revelation/21-4 "Revelation 21:4 - No More Sorrow")). The gospel, which Jesus commands to be preached to all nations even amidst these tribulations ([Matthew 24:14](/matthew/24-14 "Matthew 24:14 - The Gospel Preached to All Nations")), is the only true hope for humanity facing such distress, offering reconciliation with God through the Lamb who takes away the sin of the world ([John 1:29](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God")). Thus, Matthew 24:7, though bleak in its description of earthly woes, ultimately magnifies Christ as the Alpha and Omega, the one who initiates these signs and will ultimately bring about their cessation through His victorious return and the establishment of His eternal kingdom of righteousness ([Revelation 11:15](/revelation/11-15 "Revelation 11:15 - The Kingdom of the World Becomes the Kingdom of Our Lord")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Luke 21:11

And great earthquakes shall be in divers places, and famines, and pestilences; and fearful sights and great signs shall there be from heaven.

Revelation 6:8

And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth.

Isaiah 19:2

And I will set the Egyptians against the Egyptians: and they shall fight every one against his brother, and every one against his neighbour; city against city, [and] kingdom against kingdom.

Zechariah 14:13

And it shall come to pass in that day, [that] a great tumult from the LORD shall be among them; and they shall lay hold every one on the hand of his neighbour, and his hand shall rise up against the hand of his neighbour.

Acts 11:28

And there stood up one of them named Agabus, and signified by the Spirit that there should be great dearth throughout all the world: which came to pass in the days of Claudius Caesar.

2 Chronicles 15:6

And nation was destroyed of nation, and city of city: for God did vex them with all adversity.

Revelation 6:12

And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and, lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood;