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King James Version
Insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see: and they glorified the God of Israel.
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KJV (with Strong's)
Insomuch that G5620 the multitude G3793 wondered G2296, when they saw G991 the dumb G2974 to speak G2980, the maimed G2948 to be whole G5199, the lame G5560 to walk G4043, and G2532 the blind G5185 to see G991: and G2532 they glorified G1392 the God G2316 of Israel G2474.
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Complete Jewish Bible
The people were amazed as they saw mute people speaking, crippled people cured, lame people walking and blind people seeing; and they said a b'rakhah to the God of Isra'el.
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Berean Standard Bible
The crowd was amazed when they saw the mute speaking, the crippled restored, the lame walking, and the blind seeing. And they glorified the God of Israel.
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American Standard Version
insomuch that the multitude wondered, when they saw the dumb speaking, the maimed whole, and the lame walking, and the blind seeing: and they glorified the God of Israel.
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World English Bible Messianic
so that the multitude wondered when they saw the mute speaking, injured whole, lame walking, and blind seeing—and they glorified the God of Israel.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
In so much that the multitude wondered, to see the dumme speake, the maimed whole, the halt to goe, and the blinde to see: and they glorified the God of Israel.
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Young's Literal Translation
so that the multitudes did wonder, seeing dumb ones speaking, maimed whole, lame walking, and blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel.
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Matthew 15:21-28, Matthew 15:29-38
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In the KJVVerse 23,665 of 31,102

Study This Verse

SUMMARY

Matthew 15:31 vividly portrays the profound astonishment and reverent response of the large crowd witnessing Jesus' comprehensive healing ministry. As they observed the restoration of the mute, crippled, lame, and blind, their initial wonder transformed into a collective act of worship, glorifying the God of Israel for the undeniable display of divine power and compassion manifested through Jesus.

CONTEXT

  • Literary Context: This verse concludes a significant healing episode that immediately precedes the feeding of the four thousand. Following Jesus' interaction with the Canaanite woman and His teaching on true defilement in Matthew 15:1-20, Jesus withdraws to the region of Decapolis, a largely Gentile area. Matthew 15:29-30 sets the scene, describing how Jesus went up on a mountain, and "great multitudes came unto him, having with them those that were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, and cast them down at Jesus' feet; and he healed them." Verse 31 is the direct culmination of this mass healing event, detailing the crowd's reaction before Jesus calls His disciples to prepare for the feeding of the multitude in Matthew 15:32-39.
  • Historical & Cultural Context: The Decapolis ("Ten Cities") was a region east of the Sea of Galilee, predominantly Gentile in population and Hellenistic in culture, though with some Jewish inhabitants. Jesus' ministry in this area, following His encounter with the Syrophoenician woman (often identified with the Canaanite woman in Matthew), highlights His expanding reach beyond traditional Jewish territories. The healings of the "dumb," "maimed," "lame," and "blind" were not merely acts of compassion but carried profound theological weight, fulfilling specific Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah's advent. The crowd's response, glorifying "the God of Israel," is particularly striking given the Gentile context, indicating a recognition of the God of the Abrahamic covenant as the source of this miraculous power.
  • Key Themes: This verse powerfully contributes to several overarching themes in Matthew's Gospel. Firstly, it underscores the Sovereignty and Authority of Jesus over sickness and physical brokenness, demonstrating His divine power to restore creation. Secondly, it serves as a crucial piece of Messianic Proof, as the specific types of healings (opening the eyes of the blind, unstopping the ears of the deaf, enabling the lame to leap, and the mute to sing) directly fulfill prophecies found in passages like Isaiah 35:5-6 and Isaiah 29:18. Thirdly, the crowd's response emphasizes the theme of Glorifying God, revealing that the ultimate purpose of Jesus' miracles was to bring honor and praise to the Father. Finally, the location of these miracles in a Gentile region highlights the Universal Scope of God's Kingdom and Jesus' mission to all peoples, a theme that culminates in the Great Commission in Matthew 28:19-20.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

  • wondered (Greek, thaumázō', G2296): From θαῦμα, meaning to wonder or admire. This word conveys a sense of astonishment and amazement, a natural human reaction to witnessing something extraordinary and inexplicable by normal means. It signifies a profound emotional and intellectual response to the miraculous display of power.
  • glorified (Greek, doxázō', G1392): From δόξα, meaning to render or esteem glorious, to honor or magnify. This term describes the multitude's response not just as admiration, but as an act of worship and praise directed towards God. It implies an acknowledgment of God's majesty, power, and inherent worth, recognizing Him as the source of the miracles.
  • God of Israel (Greek, theós_ _Israḗl', G2316): The combination of G2316 (theós, God) and G2474 (Israḗl, Israel) specifically identifies the deity being glorified. This phrase points to the covenant God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, the one true God revealed in the Old Testament. Its use by a largely Gentile crowd in Decapolis is particularly significant, indicating that they recognized the power displayed as originating from the specific God of the Jewish people, thereby acknowledging His unique sovereignty.

Verse Breakdown

  • "Insomuch that the multitude wondered": This opening clause establishes the immediate and overwhelming impact of Jesus' healings on the vast crowd. Their "wonder" (Greek: ethaumasan) signifies a deep astonishment and awe, indicating that what they witnessed transcended ordinary human capabilities and pointed to a supernatural source. This reaction sets the stage for their subsequent, more profound response.
  • "when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see": This detailed enumeration of the specific types of healings provides concrete evidence for the crowd's astonishment. Each category represents a profound restoration of a fundamental human faculty or physical integrity. The "dumb" (mute) speaking, the "maimed" (crippled or withered) being made whole, the "lame" walking, and the "blind" seeing collectively demonstrate the comprehensive nature of Jesus' power, leaving no doubt as to the divine origin of these miracles. The progression from speech to physical movement to sight covers a wide spectrum of human brokenness.
  • "and they glorified the God of Israel": This culminating clause reveals the ultimate outcome of the miraculous display. The crowd's wonder transforms into active worship and praise. By "glorifying" God, they are acknowledging His majesty, power, and goodness as the source of these incredible works. The specific reference to "the God of Israel" is highly significant, especially in a Gentile region, indicating that the crowd recognized the God of the Abrahamic covenant as the one true God responsible for these wonders, thus affirming Jesus' connection to the divine plan for His chosen people and, by extension, for all humanity.

Literary Devices

Matthew 15:31 employs several potent literary devices to convey its message. The most prominent is Parallelism in the enumeration of the healings ("the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see"). This detailed list creates a powerful cumulative effect, emphasizing the breadth and completeness of Jesus' miraculous power. Each pair of conditions and their restoration highlights a specific area of human brokenness being divinely mended. There is also a sense of Climax or Culmination, as this verse serves as the powerful conclusion to the preceding healing narrative, with the crowd's glorification of God being the ultimate, desired response to Jesus' works. Finally, the healings themselves carry profound Symbolism. Beyond physical restoration, they symbolize the spiritual transformation and liberation that Jesus offers: opening the eyes of those spiritually blind, enabling those who cannot speak God's truth to proclaim it, and empowering those crippled by sin to walk in righteousness.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

Matthew 15:31 stands as a powerful testament to the divine nature of Jesus' ministry, demonstrating that His works were not merely acts of compassion but clear manifestations of God's power and fulfillment of ancient prophecies. The crowd's response of glorifying "the God of Israel" underscores the theological truth that all true miracles ultimately point back to God as their source, revealing His glory and inviting worship. This event reinforces the messianic identity of Jesus, as the types of healings performed directly align with Old Testament predictions regarding the coming Messiah, who would bring light to the blind and freedom to the captives. It also subtly highlights the expansive nature of God's redemptive plan, reaching even into predominantly Gentile territories, foreshadowing the universal scope of the Gospel.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

Matthew 15:31 offers profound insights for contemporary believers, inviting us to cultivate a posture of wonder and worship in response to God's ongoing work in the world. Just as the multitude was overwhelmed by the visible restoration of broken bodies, we too are called to recognize and praise God for His power, whether it manifests in physical healing, spiritual transformation, or the intricate beauty of creation. This verse reminds us that genuine encounters with God's power should lead to glorification, shifting our focus from the miracle itself to the Miracle-Worker. It challenges us to consider how our own lives, when touched by God's grace, should become testimonies that lead others to acknowledge and praise Him. Furthermore, it encourages us to have faith in Jesus' ability to bring wholeness to every area of our lives, knowing that the same power that healed the dumb, maimed, lame, and blind is still at work today, restoring and transforming.

Questions for Reflection

  • How does witnessing God's power, whether in scripture or in your own life, transform your perspective and lead you to worship?
  • In what ways might we, like the multitude, move beyond mere wonder to active glorification of God in our daily lives?
  • What "blindness," "lameness," or "muteness" in your own life or in the world around you do you long for God to heal or restore?
  • How can the fact that Jesus healed Gentiles in Decapolis encourage us to share the Gospel beyond our familiar circles?

FAQ

Why is it significant that the crowd glorified "the God of Israel" specifically, especially in a Gentile region?

Answer: The specific phrase "the God of Israel" is highly significant because it points to the unique covenant relationship between God and the nation of Israel, as revealed in the Old Testament. In the largely Gentile region of Decapolis, this acknowledgment indicates that the non-Jewish or Hellenized audience recognized that the extraordinary power displayed by Jesus originated from the one true God, the God of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. It suggests a profound recognition of the divine authority and identity of the God who had chosen Israel, extending His miraculous power even to those outside the traditional covenant community. This foreshadows the universal scope of the Gospel, where people from "every nation, tribe, people and language" will come to glorify God, as seen in Revelation 7:9-10.

What is the theological significance of Jesus healing such a wide range of ailments (dumb, maimed, lame, blind)?

Answer: The comprehensive nature of the healings in Matthew 15:30-31 carries deep theological significance. Firstly, it demonstrates the total authority and power of Jesus over all forms of human brokenness and physical limitation. No condition was too severe or complex for Him to heal. Secondly, it serves as a powerful fulfillment of Old Testament messianic prophecies. Prophets like Isaiah foretold that when the Messiah came, "the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped. Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing" (Isaiah 35:5-6). Jesus' actions were undeniable proof of His identity as the long-awaited Messiah. Thirdly, it symbolizes the holistic restoration that Jesus brings, not just physically, but spiritually, addressing every aspect of humanity's fallen state.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

Matthew 15:31 profoundly points to Jesus as the Christ, the promised Messiah, whose earthly ministry of healing was a tangible manifestation of God's redemptive power and a foretaste of the ultimate spiritual restoration He offers. The physical healings of the dumb, maimed, lame, and blind were not merely acts of compassion, but powerful signs validating Jesus' divine identity and mission. These miracles directly fulfilled Old Testament prophecies concerning the Messiah, demonstrating that He was indeed the one sent by the God of Israel to bring light, freedom, and wholeness. Just as Jesus restored sight to the physically blind, He came to open the eyes of those spiritually blind to the truth of God's kingdom (John 9:39). His enabling the lame to walk foreshadows His power to empower those crippled by sin to walk in newness of life (Romans 6:4). The mute speaking points to the spiritual liberation to confess Christ and proclaim His praises (Romans 10:9-10). Ultimately, these physical healings are a microcosm of the grander work of salvation, where Jesus, through His atoning death and resurrection, provides complete healing from the effects of sin, reconciling humanity to God and offering eternal life to all who believe (Colossians 1:19-20). The multitude's glorification of the God of Israel in response to these miracles serves as a model for all humanity to recognize and worship Jesus as the visible embodiment of God's glory and saving power.

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Commentary on Matthew 15 verses 29–39

I. II. Main points1. 2. Sub-points(1.) (2.) Details[1.] [2.] Fine details

Here is, I. A general account of Christ's cures, his curing by wholesale. The tokens of Christ's power and goodness are neither scarce nor scanty; for there is in him an overflowing fulness. Now observe,

1.The place where these cures were wrought; it was near the sea of Galilee, a part of the country Christ was much conversant with. We read not of any thing he did in the coasts of Tyre and Sidon, but the casting of the devil out of the woman of Canaan's daughter, as if he took that journey on purpose, with that in prospect. Let not ministers grudge their pains to do good, though but to few. He that knows the worth of souls, would go a great way to help to save one from death and Satan's power.

But Jesus departed thence. Having let fall that crumb under table, he here returns to make a full feast for the children. We may do that occasionally for one, which we may not make a constant practice of. Christ steps into the coast of Tyre and Sidon, but he sits down by the sea of Galilee (Mat 15:29), sits down not on a stately throne, or tribunal of judgment, but on a mountain: so mean and homely were his most solemn appearances in the days of his flesh! He sat down on a mountain, that all might see him, and have free access to him; for he is an open Saviour. He sat down there, as one tired with his journey, and willing to have a little rest; or rather, as one waiting to be gracious. He sat, expecting patients, as Abraham at his tent-door, ready to entertain strangers. He settled himself to this good work.

2.The multitudes and maladies that were healed by him (Mat 15:30); Great multitudes came to him; that the scripture might be fulfilled, Unto him shall the gathering of the people be, Gen 49:10. If Christ's ministers could cure bodily diseases as Christ did, there would be more flocking to them than there is; we are soon sensible of bodily pain and sickness, but few are concerned about their souls and their spiritual diseases.

Now, (1.) Such was the goodness of Christ, that he admitted all sorts of people; the poor as well as the rich are welcome to Christ, and with him there is room enough for all comers. He never complained of crowds or throngs of seekers, or looked with contempt upon the vulgar, the herd, as they are called; for the souls of peasants are as precious with him as the souls of princes.

(2.)Such was the power of Christ, that he healed all sorts of diseases; those that came to him, brought their sick relations and friends along with them, and cast them down at Jesus' feet, Mat 15:30. We read not of any thing they said to him, but they laid them down before him as objects of pity, to be looked upon by him. Their calamities spake more for them than the tongue of the most eloquent orator could. David showed before God his trouble, that was enough, he then left it with him, Psa 142:2. Whatever our case is, the only way to find ease and relief, is, to lay it at Christ's feet, to spread it before him, and refer it to his cognizance, and then submit it to him, and refer it to his disposal. Those that would have spiritual healing from Christ, must lay themselves at his feet, to be ruled and ordered as he pleaseth.

Here were lame, blind, dumb, maimed, and many others, brought to Christ. See what work sin has made! It has turned the world into a hospital: what various diseases are human bodies subject to! See what work the Saviour makes! He conquers those hosts of enemies to mankind. Here were such diseases as a flame of fancy could contribute neither to the cause of nor to the cure of; as lying not in the humours, but in the members of the body; and yet these were subject to the commands of Christ. He sent his word, and healed them. Note, All diseases are at the command of Christ, to go and come as he bids them. This is an instance of Christ's power, which may comfort us in all our weaknesses; and of his pity, which may comfort us in all our miseries.

3.The influence that this had upon the people, Mat 15:31.

(1.)They wondered, and well they might. Christ's works should be our wonder. It is the Lord's doing, and it is marvellous, Psa 118:23. The spiritual cures that Christ works are wonderful. When blind souls are made to see by faith, the dumb to speak in prayer, the lame to walk in holy obedience, it is to be wondered at. Sing unto the Lord a new song, for thus he has done marvellous things.

(2.)They glorified the God of Israel, whom the Pharisees, when they saw these things, blasphemed. Miracles, which are the matter of our wonder, must be the matter of our praise; and mercies, which are the matter of our rejoicing, must be the matter of our thanksgiving. Those that were healed, glorified God; if he heal our diseases, all that is within us must bless his holy name; and if we have been graciously preserved from blindness, and lameness, and dumbness, we have as much reason to bless God as if we had been cured of them; nay, and the standers-by glorified God. Note, God must be acknowledged with praise and thankfulness in the mercies of others as in our own. They glorified him as the God of Israel, his church's God, a God in covenant with his people, who hath sent the Messiah promised; and this is he. See Luk 1:68. Blessed be the Lord God of Israel. This was done by the power of the God of Israel, and no other could do it.

II. Here is a particular account of his feeding four thousand men with seven loaves, and a few little fishes, as he had lately fed five thousand with five loaves. The guests indeed were now not quite so many as then, and the provision a little more; which does not intimate that Christ's arm was shortened, but that he wrought his miracles as the occasion required, and not for ostentation, and therefore he suited them to the occasion: both then and now he took as many as were to be fed, and made use of all that was at hand to feed them with. When once the utmost powers of nature are exceeded, we must say, This is the finger of God; and it is neither here nor there how far they are outdone; so that this is no less a miracle than the former.

Here is, 1. Christ's pity (Mat 15:32); I have compassion on the multitude. He tells his disciples this, both to try and to excite their compassion. When he was about to work this miracle, he called them to him, and made them acquainted with his purpose, and discoursed with them about it; not because he needed their advice, but because he would give an instance of his condescending love to them. He called them not servants, for the servant knows not what his Lord doeth, but treated them as his friends and counsellors. Shall I hide from Abraham the thing that I do? Gen 18:17. In what he said to them, Observe,

(1.)The case of the multitude; They continue with me now three days, and have nothing to eat. This is an instance of their zeal, and the strength of their affection to Christ and his word, that they not only left their callings, to attend upon him on week-days, but underwent a deal of hardship, to continue with him; they wanted their natural rest, and, for aught that appeared, lay like soldiers in the field; they wanted necessary food, and had scarcely enough to keep life and soul together. In those hotter countries they could better bear long fasting than we can in these colder climates: but though it could not but be grievous to the body, and might endanger their health, yet the zeal of God's house thus ate them up, and they esteemed the words of Christ more than their necessary food. We think three hours too much to attend upon public ordinances; but these people staid together three days, and yet snuffed not at it, nor said, Behold, what a weariness is it! Observe, With what tenderness Christ spoke of it; I have compassion on them. It had become them to have compassion on him, who took so much pains with them for three days together, and was so indefatigable in teaching and healing; so much virtue had gone out of him, and yet for aught that appears he was fasting too: but he prevented them with his compassion. Note, Our Lord Jesus keeps an account how long his followers continue their attendance on him, and takes notice of the difficulty they sustain in it (Rev 2:2); I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience: and it shall in no wise lose its reward.

Now the exigence the people were reduced to serves to magnify. [1.] The mercy of their supply: he fed them when they were hungry; and then food was doubly welcome. He treated them as he did Israel of old; he suffered them to hunger, and then fed them (Deu 8:3); for that is sweet to the hungry soul, which the full soul loathes. [2.] The miracle of their supply: having been so long fasting, their appetites were the more craving. If two hungry meals make the third a glutton, what would three hungry days do? And yet they did all eat and were filled. Note, There are mercy and grace enough with Christ, to give the most earnest and enlarged desire an abundant satisfaction; Open thy mouth wide, and I will fill it. He replenisheth even the hungry soul.

(2.)The care of our master concerning them; I will not send them away fasting, lest they should faint by the way; which would be a discredit to Christ and his family, and a discouragement both to them and to others. Note, It is the unhappiness of our present state, that when our souls are in some measure elevated and enlarged, our bodies cannot keep pace with them in good duties. The weakness of the flesh is a great grievance to the willingness of the spirit. It will not be so in heaven, where the body shall be made spiritual, where they rest not, day and night, from praising God, and yet faint not; where they hunger no more, nor thirst any more, Rev 7:16.

Here is, 2. Christ's power. His pity of their wants sets his power on work for their supply. Now observe,

(1.)How his power was distrusted by his disciples (Mat 15:23); whence should we have so much bread in the wilderness? A proper question, one would think, like that of Moses (Num 11:22). Shall the flocks and the herds be slain to suffice them? But it was here an improper question, considering not only the general assurance the disciples had of the power of Christ, but the particular experience they lately had of a seasonable and sufficient provision by miracle in a like case; they had been not only the witnesses, but the ministers, of the former miracle; the multiplied bread went through their hands; so that it was an instance of great weakness for them to ask, Whence shall we have bread? Could they be at a loss, while they had their Master with them? Note, Forgetting former experiences leaves us under present doubts.

Christ knew how slender the provision was, but he would know it from them (Mat 15:34); How many loaves have ye? Before he would work, he would have it seen how little he had to work on, that his power might shine the brighter. What they had, they had for themselves, and it was little enough for their own family; but Christ would have them bestow it all upon the multitude, and trust Providence for more. Note, it becomes Christ's disciples to be generous, their Master was so: what we have, we should be free of, as there is occasion; given to hospitality; not like Nabal (Sa1 25:11), but like Elisha, Kg2 4:42. Niggardliness today, out of thoughtfulness for tomorrow, is a complication of corrupt affection that ought to be mortified. If we be prudently kind and charitable with what we have, we may piously hope that God will send more. Jehovah-jireh, The Lord will provide. The disciples asked, Whence should we have bread? Christ asked, How many loaves have ye? Note, When we cannot have what we would, we must make the best of what we have, and do good with it as far as it will go; we must not think so much of our wants as of our havings. Christ herein went according to the rule he gave to Martha, not to be troubled about many things, nor cumbered about much serving. Nature is content with little, grace with less, but lust with nothing.

(2.)How his power was discovered to the multitude, in the plentiful provision he made for them; the manner of which is much the same as before, Mat 14:18, etc. Observe here,

[1.]The provision that was at hand; seven loaves, and a few fishes: the fish not proportionable to the bread, for bread is the staff of life. It is probable that the fish was such as they had themselves taken; for they were fishers, and were now near the sea. Note, It is comfortable to eat the labour of our hands (Psa 128:2), and to enjoy that which is any way the product of our own industry, Pro 12:27. And what we have got by God's blessing on our labour we should be free of; for therefore we must labour, that we may have to give, Eph 4:28.

[2.]The putting of the people in a posture to receive it (Mat 15:35); He commanded the multitude to sit down on the ground. They saw but very little provision, yet they must sit down, in faith that they should have a meal's meat out of it. They who would have spiritual food from Christ, must sit down at his feet, to hear his word, and expect it to come in an unseen way.

[3.]The distributing of the provision among them. He first gave thanks - eucharistēsas. The word used in the former miracle was eulogēse - he blessed. It comes all to one; giving thanks to God is a proper way of craving a blessing from God. And when we come to ask and receive further mercy, we ought to give thanks for the mercies we have received. He then broke the loaves (for it was in the breaking that the bread multiplied) and gave to his disciples, and they to the multitude. Though the disciples had distrusted Christ's power, yet he made use of them now as before; he is not provoked, as he might be, by the weakness and infirmities of his ministers, to lay them aside; but still he gives to them, and they to his people, of the word of life.

[4.]The plenty there was among them (Mat 15:37). They did all eat, and were filled. Note, Those whom Christ feeds, he fills. While we labour for the world, we labour for that which satisfieth not (Isa 55:2); but those that duly wait on Christ shall be abundantly satisfied with the goodness of his house, Psa 65:4. Christ thus fed people once and again, to intimate that though he was called Jesus of Nazareth, yet he was of Bethlehem, the house of bread; or rather, that he was himself the Bread of Life.

To show that they had all enough, there was a great deal left - seven baskets full of broken meat; not so much as there was before, because they did not gather after so many eaters, but enough to show that with Christ there is bread enough, and to spare; supplies of grace for more than seek it, and for those that seek more.

[5.]The account taken of the guests; not that they might pay their share (here was no reckoning to be discharged, they were fed gratis), but that they might be witnesses to the power and goodness of Christ, and that this might be some resemblance of that universal providence that gives food to all flesh, Psa 136:25. Here were four thousand men fed; but what were they to that great family which is provided for by the divine care every day? God is a great Housekeeper, on whom the eyes of all the creatures wait, and he giveth them their food in due season, Psa 104:27; Psa 145:15.

[6.]The dismission of the multitude, and Christ's departure to another place (Mat 15:39). He sent away the people. Though he had fed them twice, they must not expect miracles to be their daily bread. Let them now go home to their callings, and to their own tables. And he himself departed by ship to another place; for, being the Light of the world, he must be still in motion, and go about to do good.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 29–39. Public domain.
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Hilary of PoitiersAD 367
Commentary on Matthew 15.5
Remember that the context is the plea of the Canaanite woman. Remember that the Lord’s silence with her had proceeded from a consideration of the gradual timing of revelation and not from any problem of her volition. So when he said, “O woman, great is your faith,” she is now certain of being saved. Indeed, he also comes to the whole Gentile community, when those who accordingly believe will at once be freed like the girl from any power of the unclean spirits. And faith in the deed therefore follows. What follows immediately after the Gentile people are prefigured in the daughter of the Canaanite woman? Those afflicted with different kinds of diseases are offered by the crowd to the Lord on the mountain. That is, the faithless and the sick are instructed by the believers to fall down and adore. They are made well again, and all the functions of mind and body are being restored for hearing, contemplating, praising and following the Lord.
John ChrysostomAD 407
Homily on the Gospel of Matthew 52
"And Jesus departed from thence, and came nigh unto the sea of Galilee; and went up into the mountain, and sat down there. And great multitudes came unto Him, having with them those that were lame, blind, maimed, dumb; and cast them at His feet; and He healed them, insomuch that the multitudes wondered, when they saw the dumb to speak, the maimed to be whole, the lame to walk, and the blind to see, and they glorified the God of Israel."

Now He goes about Himself, now sits awaiting the diseased, and hath the lame brought up unto the mountain. And no longer do they touch so much as His garment, but advance a higher step, being cast at His feet: and they showed their faith doubly, first, by going up into the mountain though lame, then by wanting nothing else but to be cast at His feet only.

And great was the marvel and strange, to see them that were carried walking, the blind needing not any to lead them by the hand. Yea, both the multitude of the healed, and the facility of their cure amazed them.

Seest thou, how the woman indeed He healed with so much delay, but these immediately? not because these are better than she is, but because she is more faithful than they. Therefore, while in her case He defers and delays, to manifest her constancy; on these He bestows the gift immediately, stopping the mouths of the unbelieving Jews, and cutting away from them every plea. For the greater favors one hath received, so much the more is he liable to punishment, if he be insensible, and the very honor make him no better.
John Chrysostom (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 407
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
It should be considered that sometimes the Lord goes about to heal the sick, sometimes He sits and waits for them to come; and accordingly here it is added, And there came great multitudes unto him, having with them those that were dumb, lame, blind, maimed, and many others.

These showed their faith in two points especially, in that they went up the mountain, and in that they believed that they had need of nothing beyond but to cast themselves at Jesus' feet; for they do not now touch the hem even of His garment, but have attained to a loftier faith; And cast them down at Jesus' feet. The woman's daughter He healed with great slackness, that He might show her virtue; but to these He administers healing immediately, not because they were better than that woman, but that He might stop the mouths of the unbelieving Jews, as it follows, and he healed them all. But the multitude of those that were healed, and the ease with which it was done, struck them with astonishment. Insomuch that the multitude wondered when they saw the dumb to speak,
Jerome (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 420
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Having healed the daughter of this Chananæan, the Lord returns into Judæa, as it follows, And Jesus departed from thence, and came nigh unto the sea of Galilee.

What the Latin translator calls 'debiles' (maimed), is in the Greek χυλλοὺς which is not a general term for a maimed person, but a peculiar species, as he that is lame in one foot is called 'claudus,' so he that is crippled in one hand is called χυλλός.

He said nothing concerning the maimed, because there was no one word which was the opposite of thisa.

He goes up into the mountain, that as a bird He may entice the tender nestlings to fly.
JeromeAD 420
Commentary on Matthew
(Verse 31.) And he healed them, so that the crowds marveled, seeing the mute speaking, the lame walking, the blind seeing; and they glorified the God of Israel. Concerning the mute, he remained silent, for he had nothing to say in opposition. This is accomplished with one word. Now let us consider the fact that the healed daughter of the Canaanite woman returned to Judea, and to the Sea of Galilee, and went up to the mountain; and like a bird calling its young to fly, she beckoned them, and there she sat, and the crowds gathered around her, bringing with them various afflictions; and after he healed them, he gave them food; and when this work was completed, he got into a boat, and came to the region of Magadan. And ascending the mountain, he sat there: and the crowds approached him. Notice that the mute, the lame, and the blind are led to the mountain, so that they may be healed by the Lord.
Cyril of AlexandriaAD 444
FRAGMENT 188
They had not yet thoroughly understood the Lord’s dignity as God but supposed him to be a mere man. For this reason they offered up glory to the God of Israel.
Remigius of Rheims (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 533
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
This sea is called by various names; the sea of Galilee, because of its neighbourhood to Galilee; the sea of Tiberias, from the town of Tiberias. And going up into a mountain, he sat down there.
Remigius of RheimsAD 533
This sea is called by various names; the sea at Galilee, because of its neighbourhood to Galilee; the sea of Tiberias, from the town of Tiberias.“And going up into a mountain, he sat down there.”
Rabanus MaurusAD 856
Mystically; Having in the daughter of this Chananaean prefigured the salvation of the Gentiles, Ho came into Judaea; because, “when the fulness of the Gentiles shall have entered in, then shall all Israel be saved.” .
Thus raising his hearers to meditate on heavenly things. He sat down there toshew that rest is not to be sought but in heavenly things. And as He sits on the mountain, that is, in the heavenly height, there come unto Him multitudes of the faithful, drawing near to Him with devoted mind, and bringing to Him the dumb, and the blind and cast them down at Jesus’ feet; because they that confess their sins are brought to be healed by Him alone. These He so heals, that the multitudes marvel and magnify the God of Israel; because the faithful when they see those that have been spiritually sick richly endued with all manner of works of virtuousness, sing praise to God.
Rabanus Maurus (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 856
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
Also whosoever has his conscience polluted with the defilement of any sin, has a daughter sorely vexed by a dæmon. Also whosoever has defiled any good that he has done by the plague of sin, has a daughter tossed by the furies of an unclean spirit, and has need to fly to prayers and tears, and to seek the intercessions and aids of the saints.

Mystically; Having in the daughter of this Chauanæan prefigured the salvation of the Gentiles, He came into Judæa; because, when the fulness of the Gentiles shall have entered in, then shall all Israel be saved. (Rom. 11:25.)

Thus raising his hearers to meditate on heavenly things. He sat down there to show that rest is not to be sought but in heavenly things. And as He sits on the mountain, that is, in the heavenly height, there come unto Him multitudes of the faithful, drawing near to Him with devoted mind, and bringing to Him the dumb, and the blind, & c. and cast them down at Jesus' feet; because they that confess their sins are brought to be healed by Him alone. These He so heals, that the multitudes marvel and magnify the God of Israel; because the faithful when they see those that have been spiritually sick richly endued with all manner of works of virtuousness, sing praise to God.
Theophylact of OhridAD 1107
He does not visit Judea frequently, as He does Galilee, because the unbelief of the Judeans was so great. For the Galileans had more faith than they. Behold their faith, how they even ascend a mountain although they are lame and blind. And they do not move sluggishly but throw themselves at the feet of Jesus as if believing that He is more than a man and then, indeed, they obtain healing. So you also, O reader, must ascend the mountain of the commandments where the Lord is seated. And though you are blind and unable to see the good for yourself; and though lame, seeing the good but unable to go towards it; and though deaf and dumb, unable to hear another exhorting you and unable to exhort another; and though maimed, that is, unable to stretch out your hand to give alms; and though diseased in any other way, if you fall at Jesus’ feet and touch the foot prints of His life, you will be healed.
Glossa Ordinaria (as quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274)AD 1274
Catena Aurea by Aquinas
(ap. Anselm.) The sea near to which Jesus came signifies the turbid swellings of this world; it is the sea of Galilee when men pass from virtue to vice.

(ord.) The dumb are they that do not praise God; the blind, they who do not understand the paths of life; the deaf, they that obey not; the lame, they that walk not firmly through the difficult ways of good works; the maimed, they that are crippled in their good works.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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