Luke 21:31

KJV

So likewise ye, when ye see these things come to pass, know ye that the kingdom of God is nigh at hand.

KJV (with Strong's)

So {G3779} likewise {G2532} ye {G5210}, when {G3752} ye see {G1492} these things {G5023} come to pass {G1096}, know ye {G1097} that {G3754} the kingdom {G932} of God {G2316} is {G2076} nigh at hand {G1451}.

Complete Jewish Bible

In the same way, when you see these things taking place, you are to know that the Kingdom of God is near!

Berean Standard Bible

So also, when you see these things happening, know that the kingdom of God is near.

American Standard Version

Even so ye also, when ye see these things coming to pass, know ye that the kingdom of God is nigh.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Luke 21:31 stands as a pivotal interpretive key within Jesus' Olivet Discourse, serving as a direct instruction to His disciples regarding the prophetic signs He has just enumerated. Following a series of warnings about future tribulations and cosmic disturbances, Jesus provides this verse as a clear indicator: when these foretold events begin to unfold, believers are to recognize them not as random chaos, but as definitive signals that the long-awaited Kingdom of God is drawing near, ushering in a period of divine culmination and ultimate redemption.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is situated at the climax of Jesus' prophetic discourse on the Mount of Olives, often referred to as the Olivet Discourse, which spans [Luke 21:5-38](/luke/21-5-38 "Luke 21:5-38 - The Olivet Discourse"). Preceding Luke 21:31, Jesus describes the future destruction of the Temple in [Luke 21:6](/luke/21-6 "Luke 21:6 - Prophecy of the Temple's Destruction"), followed by a series of signs that will precede His glorious return, including wars, famines, pestilences, fearful sights, and great signs from heaven ([Luke 21:9-11](/luke/21-9-11 "Luke 21:9-11 - Signs of the End")). He also warns of persecution against His followers ([Luke 21:12-19](/luke/21-12-19 "Luke 21:12-19 - Persecution of Believers")), the siege of Jerusalem ([Luke 21:20-24](/luke/21-20-24 "Luke 21:20-24 - The Destruction of Jerusalem")), and dramatic cosmic disturbances ([Luke 21:25-26](/luke/21-25-26 "Luke 21:25-26 - Cosmic Signs")). Immediately before this verse, Jesus presents the parable of the fig tree ([Luke 21:29-30](/luke/21-29-30 "Luke 21:29-30 - The Parable of the Fig Tree")), using the natural cycle of a fig tree blossoming as an analogy for discerning the "season" of His coming, making Luke 21:31 the direct application of that parable.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Jesus delivered this discourse on the Mount of Olives, overlooking the magnificent Temple in Jerusalem, a setting that underscored the weight of His prophecies regarding its impending destruction and the future of Israel. The disciples, steeped in Jewish apocalyptic tradition, would have understood "the kingdom of God" not merely as a spiritual reality, but as a tangible, sovereign reign, often associated with the Messiah's victorious rule and the restoration of Israel. Their question in [Matthew 24:3](/matthew/24-3 "Matthew 24:3 - Disciples' Questions") about the "sign of your coming and of the end of the age" reveals their expectation of a visible, historical fulfillment. Jesus' teaching here both affirms and refines these expectations, redirecting their focus from a purely nationalistic hope to a universal, cosmic culmination of God's redemptive plan, while still providing concrete signs for discernment.
* **Key Themes:** The overarching theme of this passage is **Prophetic Discernment and Readiness**. Jesus provides His followers with specific indicators, urging them not to be caught unaware but to "know" and understand the significance of unfolding world events. This directly ties into the theme of **The Kingdom of God**, which is presented as an imminent reality, not just a distant hope. While already inaugurated in Jesus' ministry ([Luke 17:20-21](/luke/17-20-21 "Luke 17:20-21 - The Kingdom of God Within You")), this passage speaks to its full, visible manifestation at Christ's return, culminating in the establishment of God's eternal reign. Finally, the discourse emphasizes **Watchfulness and Perseverance** for believers, a theme Jesus reiterates in [Luke 21:34-36](/luke/21-34-36 "Luke 21:34-36 - Watchfulness and Prayer"), warning against spiritual complacency and encouraging steadfastness amidst tribulation.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **see (Greek, _eídō'_):** This word, G1492, means "to see (literally or figuratively); by implication, (in the perfect tense only) to know." In this context, it implies not merely a casual observation but an active, discerning perception. The disciples are called to "see" these signs with understanding, recognizing their prophetic significance rather than simply witnessing them as random occurrences. It suggests a knowing gaze, a spiritual insight into the unfolding of God's plan.
* **come to pass (Greek, _gínomai'_):** G1096, meaning "to cause to be ('gen'-erate), i.e. (reflexively) to become (come into being), used with great latitude." This verb emphasizes the actual occurrence and unfolding of events. It's not about hypothetical scenarios but about real-world phenomena that will "happen" or "be brought to pass," indicating a divinely orchestrated progression of history towards a specific climax.
* **know ye (Greek, _ginṓskō'_):** G1097, meaning "to 'know' (absolutely) in a great variety of applications and with many implications." This is a strong imperative, commanding a deep, experiential knowledge, not just intellectual assent. It implies an understanding that leads to conviction and appropriate action. When the signs "come to pass," believers are to "know" with certainty that the Kingdom of God is near, a knowledge that should shape their perspective and conduct.
* **nigh at hand (Greek, _engýs'_):** G1451, meaning "near (literally or figuratively, of place or time)." This adverb conveys proximity and immediacy. It does not necessarily mean "instantaneous" but rather "imminent" or "at the very doorstep." The signs are not merely distant indicators but direct harbingers, signaling that the full manifestation of God's kingdom is drawing very close, like a season that has arrived.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"So likewise ye":** This phrase directly connects the preceding parable of the fig tree to the disciples' understanding of prophetic events. Just as one naturally discerns summer's approach from the fig tree's budding, so too should they discern the coming of the Kingdom from the signs Jesus describes. It establishes a clear analogy for prophetic interpretation.
* **"when ye see these things come to pass":** This refers specifically to the various signs Jesus has just detailed in [Luke 21:7-28](/luke/21-7-28 "Luke 21:7-28 - Signs of the End Times"), including the destruction of Jerusalem, global turmoil, persecution of believers, and cosmic disturbances. The emphasis is on the actual occurrence and accumulation of these events, not just isolated incidents.
* **"know ye that the kingdom of God is nigh at hand":** This is the central interpretive command and promise of the verse. The "kingdom of God" here refers to its full, visible, and triumphant manifestation, particularly associated with Christ's Second Coming. "Nigh at hand" signifies its imminent proximity, emphasizing that these signs are direct harbingers, signaling that God's ultimate reign is at the very threshold of its complete establishment. This knowledge is intended to bring clarity and purpose to believers amidst the chaos.

#### Literary Devices
Luke 21:31 effectively employs several **literary devices** to convey its profound message. The most prominent is **Analogy**, as the verse serves as the direct application of the preceding **Parable of the Fig Tree** ([Luke 21:29-30](/luke/21-29-30 "Luke 21:29-30 - The Parable of the Fig Tree")). Jesus uses the natural and observable progression of seasons as a relatable illustration for discerning the spiritual "season" of His return and the Kingdom's arrival. This creates a powerful **Metaphor** where natural signs correspond to prophetic ones. Furthermore, the phrase "know ye" functions as an **Imperative**, a direct command from Jesus, underscoring the importance of spiritual discernment and active understanding for His followers. The "things come to pass" are presented as **Signs**, serving as symbolic indicators pointing to a greater, unseen reality—the approaching Kingdom of God. This use of **Symbolism** transforms chaotic world events into meaningful markers within God's sovereign plan.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Luke 21:31 profoundly connects the unfolding of historical events with the sovereign plan of God, assuring believers that even amidst tribulation and cosmic upheaval, there is a divine purpose at work. It underscores God's ultimate control over history, demonstrating that the future is not random but is moving towards a predetermined climax: the full, visible establishment of His Kingdom. This verse emphasizes that the signs of the times are not merely warnings of impending judgment, but also heralds of hope, signaling the nearness of Christ's return and the glorious consummation of redemption. It calls believers to a posture of active discernment and confident expectation, recognizing that the very chaos of the world points to the imminent reign of the King.

* [Matthew 24:32-33](/matthew/24-32-33 "Parable of the Fig Tree")
* [Mark 13:28-29](/mark/13-28-29 "Parable of the Fig Tree")
* [Revelation 22:12](/revelation/22-12 "Jesus is Coming Soon")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Luke 21:31 offers a profound call to spiritual vigilance and confident hope in an often-turbulent world. It challenges us to view global events not through a lens of despair or political analysis alone, but through the prophetic lens of Scripture. When we observe the "things come to pass" that align with biblical prophecy – whether societal breakdown, natural disasters, or geopolitical shifts – this verse instructs us to "know" with certainty that God's redemptive plan is advancing towards its glorious conclusion. This knowledge should cultivate a deep sense of peace, knowing that God remains sovereign and in control, orchestrating history for His purposes. Furthermore, it should ignite a renewed urgency in our lives: an urgency to live faithfully, to share the Gospel, and to be found ready and productive when the Kingdom of God fully breaks in. It is a powerful reminder that our ultimate allegiance is to the coming King, and our hope is firmly anchored in His promised return.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does understanding the "signs" as indicators of God's Kingdom draw near change your perspective on current world events?**
* **What practical steps can you take to cultivate a spirit of watchfulness and discernment in your daily life?**
* **How does the imminence of the Kingdom of God impact your priorities and sense of urgency in sharing your faith?**
* **In what ways does this verse offer you hope and comfort amidst global instability or personal challenges?**

### FAQ
**What "things" is Jesus referring to when He says, "when ye see these things come to pass"?**

Answer: Jesus is referring to the series of prophetic signs He has just described in the preceding verses of [Luke 21](/luke/21 "Luke 21 - The Olivet Discourse"). These include the destruction of the Jerusalem Temple ([Luke 21:6](/luke/21-6 "Luke 21:6 - Prophecy of the Temple's Destruction")), the rise of false Christs, wars and commotions, famines, pestilences, fearful sights, and great signs from heaven ([Luke 21:8-11](/luke/21-8-11 "Luke 21:8-11 - Signs of the End Times")). He also speaks of persecution against believers ([Luke 21:12-19](/luke/21-12-19 "Luke 21:12-19 - Persecution of Believers")), the siege and desolation of Jerusalem ([Luke 21:20-24](/luke/21-20-24 "Luke 21:20-24 - The Destruction of Jerusalem")), and dramatic cosmic disturbances involving the sun, moon, and stars ([Luke 21:25-26](/luke/21-25-26 "Luke 21:25-26 - Cosmic Signs")). These events, both historical and eschatological, are presented as indicators that the end of the age and the full manifestation of God's Kingdom are approaching.

**Does "nigh at hand" mean the Kingdom of God will arrive immediately after these signs?**

Answer: The phrase "nigh at hand" (Greek: _engýs_) conveys a sense of proximity and immediacy, meaning "near," "close," or "at the very doorstep." It indicates that the Kingdom's full manifestation is imminent and rapidly approaching, rather than being a distant, abstract concept. However, it does not necessarily imply an instantaneous arrival or a precise timetable. Just as the budding of the fig tree signals that summer is "near" but not instantly present, so too these signs indicate that the "season" of the Kingdom's full arrival is upon us. The emphasis is on the certainty and nearness of the event, urging believers to be ready and discerning, rather than to calculate exact dates. This aligns with other New Testament teachings that emphasize watchfulness without providing specific timelines, such as [Matthew 24:36](/matthew/24-36 "Matthew 24:36 - No One Knows the Day or Hour").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Luke 21:31 finds its ultimate fulfillment and profound significance in the person and work of Jesus Christ. The "kingdom of God" that is declared "nigh at hand" is fundamentally the reign of God established through Christ. While inaugurated at His first advent, when He conquered sin and death and established His spiritual rule in the hearts of believers ([Colossians 1:13](/colossians/1-13 "Colossians 1:13 - Kingdom of His Beloved Son")), this verse primarily points to the full, visible, and triumphant manifestation of His kingdom at His glorious Second Coming. Jesus, as the promised Messiah and King, is the one who will return with power and great glory ([Luke 21:27](/luke/21-27 "Luke 21:27 - The Coming of the Son of Man")) to fully establish this reign, putting all enemies under His feet ([1 Corinthians 15:25](/1_corinthians/15-25 "1 Corinthians 15:25 - Christ Must Reign")). Therefore, the "things come to pass" are not merely abstract signs, but the unfolding of God's redemptive plan that culminates in the universal recognition of Christ's sovereignty, where every knee will bow and every tongue confess that Jesus Christ is Lord ([Philippians 2:9-11](/philippians/2-9-11 "Philippians 2:9-11 - Jesus' Exaltation")). The imminence of the Kingdom, heralded by these signs, is thus the imminence of Christ's return to claim His rightful rule over all creation, bringing about the new heavens and new earth where righteousness dwells ([Revelation 11:15](/revelation/11-15 "Revelation 11:15 - The Kingdom of the World Becomes the Kingdom of Our Lord") and [Revelation 21:1-4](/revelation/21-1-4 "Revelation 21:1-4 - The New Jerusalem")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

James 5:9

Grudge not one against another, brethren, lest ye be condemned: behold, the judge standeth before the door.

Hebrews 10:37

For yet a little while, and he that shall come will come, and will not tarry.

1 Peter 4:7

¶ But the end of all things is at hand: be ye therefore sober, and watch unto prayer.

Luke 12:51

Suppose ye that I am come to give peace on earth? I tell you, Nay; but rather division:

Luke 12:57

Yea, and why even of yourselves judge ye not what is right?

Matthew 3:2

And saying, Repent ye: for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.

Matthew 16:1

¶ The Pharisees also with the Sadducees came, and tempting desired him that he would shew them a sign from heaven.