Ecclesiastes 10:16

¶ Woe to thee, O land, when thy king [is] a child, and thy princes eat in the morning!

Woe {H337} to thee, O land {H776}, when thy king {H4428} is a child {H5288}, and thy princes {H8269} eat {H398} in the morning {H1242}!

Woe to you, land, when your king is a child, and your leaders start their parties in the morning!

Woe to you, O land whose king is a youth, and whose princes feast in the morning.

Woe to thee, O land, when thy king is a child, and thy princes eat in the morning!

Commentary

Ecclesiastes 10:16 delivers a stark warning about the perils of misgovernance and the detrimental effects of irresponsible leadership on a nation. The verse uses vivid imagery to describe a land destined for woe.

Context

This verse is part of a larger section in Ecclesiastes (chapters 9-12) where the Preacher, often identified with King Solomon, reflects on the practical aspects of wisdom and folly in daily life, especially concerning social order and leadership. It follows observations about the unpredictability of life and precedes a direct contrast with a blessed land under wise rule in Ecclesiastes 10:17. The book consistently highlights the importance of wisdom for a flourishing society and the destructive nature of foolishness.

Key Themes

  • Consequences of Poor Leadership: The verse explicitly states "Woe to thee, O land," indicating that a nation suffers grievously when its leaders are unfit or irresponsible. This highlights the profound impact of governance on national well-being.
  • Immaturity and Inexperience: A "child king" does not necessarily refer to a monarch young in years, but rather one who is immature in judgment, lacking wisdom, or easily manipulated. Such a ruler is ill-equipped to handle the weighty responsibilities of state, leading to instability and poor decisions. This resonates with the broader Solomonic theme of the fear of the Lord as the beginning of wisdom.
  • Indulgence and Neglect of Duty: When "princes eat in the morning," it signifies a life of self-indulgence, revelry, and neglect of their administrative duties. In ancient cultures, mornings were typically for work and serious affairs; feasting at such a time suggests a lack of discipline, idleness, and a focus on personal pleasure over public service. This behavior points to a corrupt and inefficient administration.

Linguistic Insights

The phrase "eat in the morning" is significant. While not a specific Hebrew idiom with a complex translation, its meaning is derived from cultural norms. In the ancient Near East, mornings were dedicated to serious work and judicial matters. Eating, especially feasting, in the morning implied excessive indulgence, possibly leading to drunkenness and an inability to perform duties. It stands in stark contrast to the moderate and purposeful eating "in due season, for strength, and not for drunkenness" mentioned in the very next verse, Ecclesiastes 10:17, which paints a picture of responsible leadership.

Practical Application

Ecclesiastes 10:16 offers timeless insights into the qualities of effective leadership and the dangers of its absence:

  • Responsibility in Leadership: It underscores that leadership, whether in government, business, or the home, is a serious responsibility requiring wisdom, maturity, and diligence, not self-indulgence or immaturity.
  • Consequences of Folly: The verse serves as a warning that foolish or corrupt leadership inevitably brings hardship and "woe" to those under its authority.
  • Call for Discernment: For citizens, it encourages discernment in recognizing and advocating for leaders who prioritize wisdom, duty, and the well-being of the people over personal gain or pleasure.

Ultimately, this verse is a profound commentary on the moral and practical requirements of good governance, emphasizing that the character of leaders directly shapes the destiny of a nation.

Note: If the commentary doesn’t appear instantly, please allow 2–5 seconds for it to load. It is generated by Gemini 2.5 Flash using a prompt focused on Biblical fidelity over bias. While the insights have been consistently reliable, we encourage prayerful discernment through the Holy Spirit.

Please note that only the commentary section is AI-generated — the main Scripture and cross-references are stored on the site and are from trusted and verified sources.

Cross-References

  • Isaiah 3:12

    [As for] my people, children [are] their oppressors, and women rule over them. O my people, they which lead thee cause [thee] to err, and destroy the way of thy paths.

  • Isaiah 5:11

    Woe unto them that rise up early in the morning, [that] they may follow strong drink; that continue until night, [till] wine inflame them!

  • Isaiah 5:12

    And the harp, and the viol, the tabret, and pipe, and wine, are in their feasts: but they regard not the work of the LORD, neither consider the operation of his hands.

  • Proverbs 20:1

    ¶ Wine [is] a mocker, strong drink [is] raging: and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise.

  • Proverbs 20:2

    ¶ The fear of a king [is] as the roaring of a lion: [whoso] provoketh him to anger sinneth [against] his own soul.

  • Isaiah 3:4

    And I will give children [to be] their princes, and babes shall rule over them.

  • Isaiah 3:5

    And the people shall be oppressed, every one by another, and every one by his neighbour: the child shall behave himself proudly against the ancient, and the base against the honourable.
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