TRV
Translation
King James Version
For whether we be beside ourselves, it is to God: or whether we be sober, it is for your cause.
Complete Jewish Bible
If we are insane, it is for God’s sake; and if we are sane, it is for your sake.
Berean Standard Bible
If we are out of our mind, it is for God; if we are of sound mind, it is for you.
American Standard Version
For whether we are beside ourselves, it is unto God; or whether we are of sober mind, it is unto you.
World English Bible Messianic
For if we are beside ourselves, it is for God. Or if we are of sober mind, it is for you.
Geneva Bible (1599)
For whether we be out of our wit, we are it to God: or whether we be in our right minde, we are it vnto you.
Young's Literal Translation
for whether we were beside ourselves, it was to God; whether we be of sound mind-- it is to you,
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In the KJVVerse 28,891 of 31,102
Study This Verse
Commentary on 2 Corinthians 5 verses 12–15
12 ¶ For we commend not ourselves again unto you, but give you occasion to glory on our behalf, that ye may have somewhat to answer them which glory in appearance, and not in heart.
13 For whether we be beside ourselves, it is to God: or whether we be sober, it is for your cause.
14 For the love of Christ constraineth us; because we thus judge, that if one died for all, then were all dead:
15 And that he died for all, that they which live should not henceforth live unto themselves, but unto him which died for them, and rose again.
Here observe, I. The apostle makes an apology for seeming to commend himself and his fellow-labourers (Co2 5:13), and tells them, 1. It was not to commend themselves, nor for their own sakes, that he had spoken of their fidelity and diligence in the former verses; nor was he willing to suspect their good opinion of him. But, 2. The true reason was this, to put an argument in their mouths wherewith to answer his accusers, who made vain boastings, and gloried in appearances only; that he might give them an occasion to glory on their behalf, or to defend them against the reproaches of their adversaries. And if the people can say that the word has been manifested to their consciences, and been effectual to their conversion and edification, this is the best defence they can make for the ministry of the word, when they are vilified and reproached.
II. He gives good reasons for their great zeal and diligence. Some of Paul's adversaries had, it is likely, reproached him for his zeal and fervour, as if he had been a madman, or, in the language of our days, a fanatic; they imputed all to enthusiasm, as the Roman governor told him, Much learning has made thee mad, Act 26:24. But the apostle tells them, 1. It was for the glory of God, and the good of the church, that he was thus zealous and industrious: "Whether we be beside ourselves, or whether we be sober (whether you or others do think the one or the other), it is to God, and for his glory: and it is for your cause, or to promote your good," Co2 5:13. If they manifested the greatest ardour and vehemency at some times, and used the greatest calmness in strong reasonings at other times, it was for the best ends; and in both methods they had good reason for what they did. For, 2. The love of Christ constrained them, Co2 5:14. They were under the sweetest and strongest constraints to do what they did. Love has a constraining virtue to excite ministers and private Christians in their duty. Our love to Christ will have this virtue; and Christ's love to us, which was manifested in this great instance of his dying for us, will have this effect upon us, if it be duly considered and rightly judged of. For observe how the apostle argues for the reasonableness of love's constraints, and declares, (1.) What we were before, and must have continued to be, had not Christ died for us: We were dead, Co2 5:14. If one died for all, then were all dead; dead in law, under sentence of death; dead in sins and trespasses, spiritually dead. Note, This was the deplorable condition of all those for whom Christ died: they were lost and undone, dead and ruined, and must have remained thus miserable for ever if Christ had not died for them. (2.) What such should do, for whom Christ died; namely, that they should live to him. This is what Christ designed, that those who live, who are made alive unto God by means of his death, should live to him that died for them, and rose again for their sakes also, and that they should not live to themselves, Co2 5:15. Note, We should not make ourselves, but Christ, the end of our living and actions: and it was one end of Christ's death to cure us of this self-love, and to excite us always to act under the commanding influence of his love. A Christian's life should be consecrated to Christ; and then do we live as we ought to live when we live to Christ, who died for us.
Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 12–15. Public domain.
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AmbrosiasterAD 384
COMMENTARY ON PAUL’S EPISTLES
What Paul has said is sane from his hearers’ point of view, as long as it is understood in the sense in which it was uttered, but if it is thought to have been spoken out of boastfulness, it is insane. For all pride is a kind of insanity.
John ChrysostomAD 407
Homily 11 on 2 Corinthians
And if, saith he, we have uttered any great thing, (for this is what he here calls being beside himself, as therefore in other places also he calls it folly) for God's sake we do this, lest ye thinking us to be worthless should despise us and perish; or if again any modest and lowly thing, it is for your sakes that ye may learn to be lowly-minded. Or else, again, he means this. If any one thinks us to be mad, we seek for our reward from God, for Whose sake we are of this suspected; but if he thinks us sober, let him reap the advantage of our soberness. And again, in another way. Does any one say we are mad? For God's sake are we in such sort mad.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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SUMMARY
In 2 Corinthians 5:13, the Apostle Paul articulates the dual nature and singular motivation behind his apostolic ministry, asserting that whether his conduct appeared intensely zealous or ecstatically fervent ("beside ourselves") or remarkably measured and rational ("sober"), both expressions were ultimately rooted in pure motives. His passion and devotion were directed solely "to God," while his sensible and practical actions were always "for your cause," aimed at the spiritual edification and benefit of the Corinthian believers. This verse serves as Paul's defense against accusations regarding his character and methods, clarifying that every facet of his service flowed from a Christ-centered purpose.
CONTEXT
Literary Context: This verse is situated within a crucial section of Paul's second letter to the Corinthians (2 Corinthians 5:11-21), where he passionately defends the integrity and divine origin of his apostolic ministry. Immediately preceding this verse, Paul has stated his motivation: "Therefore, knowing the fear of the Lord, we persuade others" 2 Corinthians 5:11. He then clarifies that his self-commendation is not for his own sake but to provide the Corinthians with a basis for boasting about him, especially against those who judge by outward appearance rather than by the heart 2 Corinthians 5:12. Thus, 2 Corinthians 5:13 directly addresses how his conduct might have been perceived by others, explaining the underlying purpose of both his intense spiritual expressions and his rational, practical teaching. The subsequent verses then pivot to the profound theological truth of being "in Christ" and becoming a "new creation," culminating in the declaration of believers as "ambassadors for Christ" 2 Corinthians 5:17-20, which further underscores the divine mandate and selfless nature of his ministry.
Historical & Cultural Context: The Corinthian church was a complex community, grappling with internal divisions, moral issues, and a tendency to evaluate spiritual leaders based on worldly standards, such as rhetorical skill, perceived power, or outward charisma. Paul's authority had been challenged by "super-apostles" who likely boasted of their eloquence, spiritual experiences, and perhaps even financial independence, implicitly or explicitly criticizing Paul's more humble approach and perceived weaknesses. In this context, Paul's "being beside ourselves" (perhaps referring to ecstatic experiences, intense spiritual fervor, or even the sheer intensity of his suffering for the gospel) might have been seen by some as a sign of madness or lack of control, while his "sober" teaching might have been dismissed as lacking the "spiritual" flair or persuasive rhetoric that the Corinthians admired. Paul's defense here aims to reframe these perceptions, demonstrating that both modes of conduct were legitimate expressions of a ministry wholly devoted to God and sacrificially committed to the church's well-being, contrasting with the self-serving motives of his detractors.
Key Themes: This verse powerfully contributes to several overarching themes in 2 Corinthians. Firstly, it highlights the theme of Apostolic Apologia and Vindication, as Paul consistently defends his legitimate apostleship against those who questioned his authority and methods. He seeks to clarify his motives and actions, demonstrating transparency and integrity. Secondly, it underscores the theme of Motivation in Ministry, emphasizing that true Christian service is driven by divine purpose—to glorify God and to edify His people—rather than by human approval or personal gain. This resonates with Paul's broader teaching on selfless service and suffering for Christ, as seen throughout 2 Corinthians 4. Thirdly, the verse speaks to the Authenticity and Flexibility of Ministry, illustrating that effective service can manifest in diverse ways, from deep spiritual zeal that might appear unconventional to observers, to rational, clear-headed instruction. Both are valid and necessary, provided they are rooted in pure motives and directed towards righteous ends, reflecting the comprehensive nature of the new covenant ministry described in 2 Corinthians 3.
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
The primary literary device employed in 2 Corinthians 5:13 is Antithesis, a rhetorical device that juxtaposes contrasting ideas to highlight a point. Paul sets "beside ourselves" against "sober," creating a sharp opposition in perceived behavior. This contrast serves to emphasize the comprehensive nature of his ministry and to disarm his critics by acknowledging both extremes of his conduct. Furthermore, the verse functions as part of Paul's Apostolic Apologia, a defense of his ministry and authority. By explaining the underlying divine and pastoral motivations for his actions, he transforms potential accusations into affirmations of his integrity and selfless service. The structure also employs a form of Rhetorical Justification, where Paul preemptively addresses potential criticisms by explaining the true purpose behind his actions, thereby validating his diverse ministry expressions.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Paul's declaration in 2 Corinthians 5:13 offers profound theological insights into the nature of authentic Christian ministry and spirituality. It teaches that true service is characterized by a dual orientation: a vertical devotion to God and a horizontal commitment to others. Our most profound spiritual experiences and fervent expressions, which may appear unconventional or even "mad" to the world, are primarily for God's glory and our personal communion with Him, not for human display. Conversely, our rational, orderly, and practical efforts in ministry are always to be directed towards the edification, instruction, and spiritual growth of the community. This verse underscores that genuine spirituality encompasses both passionate, intimate devotion to God and sober, selfless service to humanity, all flowing from a pure, Christ-centered motivation that seeks neither personal gain nor human applause.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
2 Corinthians 5:13 provides a vital framework for believers today, encouraging a balanced and purposeful approach to our faith and service. It challenges us to examine the underlying motivations for our actions: are our most passionate spiritual expressions genuinely directed towards God, or are they subtly influenced by a desire for human recognition? Similarly, are our more measured and practical efforts in ministry truly aimed at the well-being and spiritual growth of others, or are they driven by self-interest or a need for control? This verse liberates us from the pressure of conforming to external expectations, reminding us that our ultimate accountability is to God. It affirms that there can be a spectrum of valid expressions in faith—from profound, personal encounters with God that might seem "out of the ordinary" to disciplined, rational service—as long as both are rooted in pure motives: to glorify God and to build up His people. It calls us to cultivate both fervent devotion and practical wisdom, ensuring that every aspect of our lives as followers of Christ serves His divine purposes.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
What does Paul mean by "beside ourselves" and "sober"?
Answer: By "beside ourselves" (Greek: exístēmi), Paul refers to a state of intense spiritual fervor, ecstasy, or actions that might appear irrational, excessive, or even "mad" to onlookers. This could include his profound spiritual experiences, prophetic utterances, or the sheer intensity of his dedication and suffering for the gospel. It signifies a deep, passionate engagement with God. By "sober" (Greek: sōphronéō), Paul means being of sound mind, rational, prudent, and self-controlled. This refers to his clear, logical teaching, practical advice, and measured responses in his public ministry. The contrast highlights the two modes of his apostolic conduct, both of which he asserts are purposeful.
Why does Paul feel the need to explain his behavior in this way?
Answer: Paul's apostolic authority and integrity were being challenged by critics in Corinth, likely the "super-apostles" mentioned elsewhere in the letter. These opponents may have accused him of being inconsistent, perhaps too zealous at times and too plain or lacking in eloquence at others. Paul's explanation in 2 Corinthians 5:13 serves as an apologetic, a defense of his ministry. He clarifies that his diverse behaviors were not arbitrary or a sign of instability, but were intentionally directed: his fervent spiritual life was "to God," and his rational teaching was "for your cause," for the benefit of the Corinthians. This reveals his pure motives and selfless dedication, countering any accusations of self-promotion or lack of sincerity.
How can believers today apply the principle of "to God" and "for your cause" in their own lives?
Answer: This principle encourages believers to examine the motivation behind all their actions, especially in their spiritual lives and service. Our most intimate spiritual expressions—prayer, worship, personal devotion, and even intense spiritual experiences—should be primarily "to God," focused on glorifying Him and deepening our relationship with Him, not performed for human audience or applause. Conversely, our public actions, teachings, and service within the community should be "for your cause," meaning for the edification, encouragement, and spiritual growth of others. This calls for a balanced approach: passionate devotion to God combined with practical, selfless service to people, ensuring that all we do is rooted in pure, Christ-centered motives, as exemplified in Colossians 3:17.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Paul's explanation of his ministry in 2 Corinthians 5:13 finds its ultimate fulfillment and perfect embodiment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. Christ Himself lived a life entirely "to God" and "for your cause." His deep, intimate communion with the Father, often expressed in fervent prayer and solitary devotion (e.g., Luke 5:16), was a profound example of being "beside Himself" in zealous obedience and submission to the divine will, even to the point of agony in Gethsemane (Luke 22:44). Yet, simultaneously, Jesus was supremely "sober" in His public ministry, delivering clear, rational, and profound teachings through parables and sermons (e.g., Matthew 5-7), healing the sick, and demonstrating perfect self-control in the face of opposition. Every aspect of His earthly life, from His miraculous deeds to His sacrificial death on the cross, was unequivocally "for your cause," to redeem humanity and reconcile us to God (Romans 5:8). Thus, Paul's dual-faceted ministry, driven by divine accountability and human edification, is a reflection of the perfect balance found in Christ, who perfectly glorified God and perfectly served humanity, becoming the ultimate model for all who minister in His name.