1 Chronicles 15:28

KJV

Thus all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant of the LORD with shouting, and with sound of the cornet, and with trumpets, and with cymbals, making a noise with psalteries and harps.

KJV (with Strong's)

Thus all Israel {H3478} brought up {H5927} the ark {H727} of the covenant {H1285} of the LORD {H3068} with shouting {H8643}, and with sound {H6963} of the cornet {H7782}, and with trumpets {H2689}, and with cymbals {H4700}, making a noise {H8085} with psalteries {H5035} and harps {H3658}.

Complete Jewish Bible

So all Isra'el brought up the ark for the covenant of ADONAI with shouting; blowing on shofars and trumpets; and cymbals sounding with lutes and lyres.

Berean Standard Bible

So all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant of the LORD with shouting, with the sounding of rams’ horns and trumpets, and with cymbals and the music of harps and lyres.

American Standard Version

Thus all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant of Jehovah with shouting, and with sound of the cornet, and with trumpets, and with cymbals, sounding aloud with psalteries and harps.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
1 Chronicles 15:28 vividly depicts the triumphant and meticulously orchestrated procession of the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem. Following a previous tragic failure, King David, alongside all Israel, ensured this second attempt adhered strictly to divine commands, resulting in an outpouring of national joy, exuberant worship, and unified celebration, marked by shouts, trumpets, cymbals, psalteries, and harps, signifying the central establishment of God's presence among His people in the capital city.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is the culmination of a significant narrative shift in 1 Chronicles 15, detailing David's renewed and successful effort to bring the Ark of the Covenant to Jerusalem. It follows the disastrous first attempt in [1 Chronicles 13](/1-chronicles/13 "1 Chronicles 13 - The First Attempt to Move the Ark"), where Uzzah died for touching the Ark because it was transported improperly on a cart rather than carried by the Levites as prescribed by Mosaic law ([Numbers 4:15](/numbers/4-15 "Numbers 4:15 - Instructions for Carrying the Ark")). Chapter 15 shows David's diligent preparation: he consults with the Levites and priests, sanctifies them, and ensures the Ark is carried on poles by the appointed Kohathite Levites ([1 Chronicles 15:2](/1-chronicles/15-2 "1 Chronicles 15:2 - David's Instruction for Levites")). The meticulous obedience to God's instructions transforms a previous tragedy into a joyous, divinely sanctioned triumph, setting the stage for the Ark's permanent dwelling in Jerusalem and foreshadowing the eventual building of the Temple.

* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The Ark of the Covenant, constructed according to God's precise instructions in [Exodus 25:10-22](/exodus/25-10 "Exodus 25:10-22 - Construction of the Ark of the Covenant"), was the most sacred object in ancient Israel, symbolizing God's presence, His covenant with Israel, and His throne. Its journey from Kiriath-Jearim (where it had been since its return from Philistine capture, residing at the house of Obed-Edom) to Jerusalem was a monumental event. David's decision to bring the Ark to Jerusalem was not merely a logistical move but a profound theological and political statement, signifying Jerusalem as the spiritual and political heart of the nation, where God's presence would reside. The use of diverse musical instruments and shouting reflects the vibrant and expressive nature of ancient Israelite worship, where sound, movement, and collective participation were integral to expressing devotion and celebrating divine acts.

* **Key Themes:** The verse powerfully illustrates several key themes central to the book of Chronicles and biblical theology. Firstly, it highlights the paramount importance of **obedience to God's commands**, particularly concerning worship and sacred things. The stark contrast with [1 Chronicles 13](/1-chronicles/13 "1 Chronicles 13 - Uzzah's Death") underscores that God desires not just devotion, but devotion rendered in the way He prescribes. Secondly, it showcases **joyful and expressive worship**, demonstrating that worship can and should be a vibrant, communal, and uninhibited expression of praise and gratitude. The cacophony of instruments and shouting signifies a wholehearted national celebration of God's presence. Thirdly, the phrase "all Israel" emphasizes **communal unity** in worship and national life, portraying a unified people celebrating their covenant God. Finally, the entire event underscores the **significance of God's presence** among His people, with the Ark serving as its tangible symbol, establishing Jerusalem as the central place of worship and foreshadowing the future Temple.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Shouting (Hebrew, _teru'ah'_):** This word (תְּרוּעָה) denotes a loud, joyful noise, a shout of triumph, acclamation, or alarm. It is often associated with the sound of trumpets and is used in contexts of military victory (e.g., [Joshua 6:5](/joshua/6-5 "Joshua 6:5 - The Fall of Jericho")), the coronation of a king ([1 Samuel 10:24](/1-samuel/10-24 "1 Samuel 10:24 - Saul's Coronation")), and particularly in worship to express exultation and praise (e.g., [Psalm 100:1](/psalms/100-1 "Psalm 100:1 - Make a Joyful Noise")). Here, it conveys an unbridled, national outpouring of celebratory emotion.
* **Ark of the Covenant (Hebrew, _aron habberit'_):** This refers to the sacred chest (אֲרוֹן הַבְּרִית) that contained the tablets of the Ten Commandments, a pot of manna, and Aaron's rod. It was the most important symbol of God's presence among His people, representing His throne, His covenant faithfulness, and His dwelling place. Its movement was always a profound theological event, signifying the shifting locus of God's manifest presence.
* **Cornet, Trumpets, Cymbals, Psalteries, Harps (Hebrew, _shophar, chatzotzrah, tseltselim, nevel, kinnor'_):** This comprehensive list of instruments (שׁוֹפָר, חֲצֹצְרָה, צֶלְצְלִים, נֶבֶל, כִּנּוֹר) demonstrates the richness and diversity of Israelite musical worship. The _shophar_ (ram's horn) and _chatzotzrah_ (silver trumpet) were often used for signaling, assembly, and solemn occasions, as well as joyful celebration. _Tseltselim_ (cymbals) provided rhythmic punctuation. The _nevel_ (psaltery/lyre) and _kinnor_ (harp) were stringed instruments, typically used for melodic and harmonious accompaniment, often associated with prophetic and worship contexts (e.g., David's own playing). Their combined sound created a powerful, celebratory atmosphere.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Thus all Israel brought up the ark of the covenant of the LORD":** This opening phrase emphasizes the collective, unified action of the entire nation, led by King David, in a sacred undertaking. The "ark of the covenant of the LORD" highlights the supreme object of their reverence and the divine authority behind the procession, signifying that this was not merely a political act but a deeply spiritual one, now conducted according to God's specific instructions.
* **"with shouting":** This describes the vocal expression of the people's intense joy and triumph. It was not a silent, somber procession but a loud, exultant declaration of praise and celebration for God's presence.
* **"and with sound of the cornet, and with trumpets, and with cymbals, making a noise with psalteries and harps":** This detailed enumeration of musical instruments paints a vivid auditory picture of the scene. It signifies a full, orchestrated celebration, employing a wide range of sounds—from the piercing blasts of horns and trumpets to the percussive clash of cymbals and the melodic strains of stringed instruments—all contributing to a grand, joyful noise of worship and adoration.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several powerful literary devices to convey its message. **Imagery** is central, painting a vivid sensory picture of the procession, particularly through the auditory details of "shouting" and the cacophony of various musical instruments. This creates a strong sense of the overwhelming joy and energy of the event. **Enumeration** is used effectively in the listing of instruments (cornet, trumpets, cymbals, psalteries, harps), which not only provides specific detail but also emphasizes the comprehensive and diverse nature of the musical worship. Furthermore, the verse stands in **Contrast** to the previous, ill-fated attempt to move the Ark in [1 Chronicles 13](/1-chronicles/13 "1 Chronicles 13 - Uzzah's Death"), implicitly highlighting the success and blessing that result from obedience to God's prescribed ways. Finally, the **Symbolism** of the Ark itself is paramount, representing God's very presence and covenant faithfulness, making its triumphant entry a moment of profound spiritual significance for the nation.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
1 Chronicles 15:28 stands as a powerful testament to the nature of true worship and the significance of God's presence among His people. It demonstrates that worship, when conducted in obedience to God's revealed will, is not a somber duty but a joyous, expressive, and communal celebration. The emphasis on "all Israel" underscores the corporate dimension of faith, where the entire community participates in acknowledging God's sovereignty and celebrating His dwelling among them. This event also prefigures the ultimate dwelling of God with humanity, a theme that runs throughout biblical history. The meticulous care taken to follow divine instructions for the Ark's transport highlights the holiness of God and the reverence due to Him, reminding us that while our worship should be heartfelt, it must also be offered in a manner that honors His character and commands.

* [Exodus 25:10-22](/exodus/25-10 "Instructions for the Ark of the Covenant")
* [Psalm 150](/psalms/150 "A Call to Praise with Instruments")
* [Deuteronomy 12:5-7](/deuteronomy/12-5 "The Chosen Place of Worship")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The scene in 1 Chronicles 15:28 offers profound insights for contemporary believers regarding the nature of worship and the pursuit of God's presence. It calls us to cultivate a worship that is not only reverent but also unreservedly joyful and expressive, engaging our whole being—voices, instruments, and hearts—in praise. Just as "all Israel" participated, this verse encourages corporate worship, reminding us of the unique power and encouragement found when believers gather in unity to celebrate God's faithfulness. Moreover, the success of this procession, contrasted with the previous failure, serves as a timeless reminder that while passion is vital, it must be coupled with obedience to God's revealed will. Our devotion is most pleasing to God when it aligns with His character and commands, fostering an environment where His presence can truly be experienced and celebrated without hindrance.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the unbridled joy and expressive worship described in this verse challenge or affirm your own approach to worship, both individually and corporately?**
* **What does the contrast between the first failed attempt to move the Ark and this successful one teach us about the importance of obedience in our spiritual lives?**
* **In what ways can your church community foster a more unified and celebratory atmosphere in its worship, reflecting the "all Israel" aspect of this passage?**

### FAQ

**What was the significance of the Ark of the Covenant for ancient Israel?**

Answer: The Ark of the Covenant was the most sacred object to ancient Israel, symbolizing God's tangible presence among His people. It represented His throne, His covenant relationship with Israel, and His divine authority. It contained the tablets of the Law, a pot of manna, and Aaron's rod, serving as a constant reminder of God's provision, law, and miraculous power. Its presence signified God's dwelling with them, guiding them, and fighting for them, making it the central focus of their worship and national identity.

**Why was there such a strong emphasis on music and shouting during this procession?**

Answer: The emphasis on music and shouting in [1 Chronicles 15:28](/1-chronicles/15-28 "1 Chronicles 15:28 - The Ark's Joyful Procession") reflects the deeply expressive and communal nature of ancient Israelite worship. The "shouting" (teru'ah) was a cry of triumph and joy, often associated with divine intervention or great celebration. The diverse array of instruments—cornets, trumpets, cymbals, psalteries, and harps—created a full, rich sound that amplified the national rejoicing. This was not merely entertainment but a profound act of worship, a physical and audible outpouring of gratitude, adoration, and exultation for God's presence and faithfulness, demonstrating wholehearted engagement in the sacred moment.

**How did this successful attempt to move the Ark differ from the previous, failed attempt in 1 Chronicles 13?**

Answer: The key difference lay in **obedience to God's specific instructions**. In [1 Chronicles 13](/1-chronicles/13 "1 Chronicles 13 - Uzzah's Death"), David attempted to move the Ark on a new cart, a method not prescribed by God, leading to Uzzah's death when he touched the Ark. This was a violation of the Law given in [Numbers 4:15](/numbers/4-15 "Numbers 4:15 - Instructions for Carrying the Ark"), which mandated that the Ark be carried on poles by the Kohathite Levites. In [1 Chronicles 15](/1-chronicles/15 "1 Chronicles 15 - David's Preparation for the Ark's Return"), David learned from this tragedy. He meticulously ensured that the Levites were consecrated and carried the Ark on their shoulders, as commanded. This adherence to divine protocol transformed a previous disaster into a blessed and triumphant celebration, demonstrating that God's ways are paramount for receiving His blessing.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The triumphant procession of the Ark of the Covenant into Jerusalem, as described in [1 Chronicles 15:28](/1-chronicles/15-28 "1 Chronicles 15:28 - The Ark's Joyful Procession"), finds its ultimate fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. The Ark symbolized God's presence dwelling among His people, a longing that finds its perfect realization in Christ, who is [Immanuel, "God with us"](/matthew/1-23 "Matthew 1:23 - Jesus is Immanuel"). He is the true tabernacle, the living embodiment of God's presence, as [John 1:14](/john/1-14 "John 1:14 - The Word Became Flesh") declares, "The Word became flesh and made his dwelling among us." Just as the Ark's entry into Jerusalem established a central place for God's presence, Christ's incarnation and His establishing of the New Covenant through His sacrifice and resurrection usher in a new era where God's presence is not confined to a physical object or temple, but dwells within believers through the Holy Spirit ([1 Corinthians 6:19](/1-corinthians/6-19 "1 Corinthians 6:19 - Your Body is a Temple of the Holy Spirit")). The joyous celebration surrounding the Ark's arrival foreshadows the even greater joy and worship that erupts from the hearts of those who encounter the living God in Christ, who has truly brought God's presence to humanity, making reconciliation and intimate fellowship possible for all who believe ([Colossians 1:19-20](/colossians/1-19-20 "Colossians 1:19-20 - God's Fullness Dwells in Christ")). He is our ultimate access to God, our High Priest who has entered the true heavenly sanctuary, making a way for us to draw near with confidence ([Hebrews 9:11-12](/hebrews/9-11-12 "Hebrews 9:11-12 - Christ, the High Priest of the New Covenant")).

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

1 Chronicles 13:8

And David and all Israel played before God with all [their] might, and with singing, and with harps, and with psalteries, and with timbrels, and with cymbals, and with trumpets.

1 Chronicles 15:16

And David spake to the chief of the Levites to appoint their brethren [to be] the singers with instruments of musick, psalteries and harps and cymbals, sounding, by lifting up the voice with joy.

Psalms 47:1

¶ To the chief Musician, A Psalm for the sons of Korah. O clap your hands, all ye people; shout unto God with the voice of triumph.

Psalms 47:5

¶ God is gone up with a shout, the LORD with the sound of a trumpet.

2 Chronicles 5:12

Also the Levites [which were] the singers, all of them of Asaph, of Heman, of Jeduthun, with their sons and their brethren, [being] arrayed in white linen, having cymbals and psalteries and harps, stood at the east end of the altar, and with them an hundred and twenty priests sounding with trumpets:)

2 Chronicles 5:13

It came even to pass, as the trumpeters and singers [were] as one, to make one sound to be heard in praising and thanking the LORD; and when they lifted up [their] voice with the trumpets and cymbals and instruments of musick, and praised the LORD, [saying], For [he is] good; for his mercy [endureth] for ever: that [then] the house was filled with a cloud, [even] the house of the LORD;

Psalms 98:4

¶ Make a joyful noise unto the LORD, all the earth: make a loud noise, and rejoice, and sing praise.