Word Study for H603 (אֲנָקָה)

ʼănâqâh /an-aw-kaw'/ Ask about this word

Meaningshrieking

KJV usagecrying out, groaning, sighing.

Word Study

In depth

A plain-language study of ʼănâqâh — the range of meaning it carries, how Scripture actually uses it, and where it points. Written for readers who don’t know the original language.

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Hebrew word ʼănâqâh, represented by H603, describes a profound expression of suffering, defined as shrieking; crying out, groaning, sighing. Though it appears only 4 times in 4 unique verses, it consistently conveys a deep state of distress. It is the sound of anguish from those who are afflicted or imprisoned.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In the biblical narrative, H603 is the cry that captures God's attention. It is the sighing of the poor and needy, which causes the LORD to arise and set them in safety Psalms 12:5. It is also the groaning of the prisoner, which God hears, prompting Him to loose those appointed to death Psalms 102:20. This cry comes before God, who, according to the greatness of His power, preserves those condemned to die Psalms 79:11. In a different context, it is the crying out at the LORD's altar, a sign of anguish when unfaithful worship is no longer regarded Malachi 2:13.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words help illustrate the sources of this profound groaning:

H6041 ʻânîy (afflicted, humble, lowly, needy, poor): This describes the state of the downtrodden whose sighing is heard by God. It signifies a condition of being depressed in circumstances, as seen in the cry for help from the oppressed Psalms 12:5.
H615 ʼâçîyr (bound, i.e. a captive; prisoner): This word identifies the person in bondage whose groaning reaches heaven. The sighing of the prisoner is a direct appeal for deliverance from confinement and a death sentence (Psalms 79:11, Psalms 102:20).
H1065 Bᵉkîy (a weeping): This term is often paired with cries of distress. In Malachi, the crying out at the altar is accompanied by weeping and tears, showing the depth of sorrow when one's offering is rejected by God Malachi 2:13.

Theological Significance

The theological weight of H603 is tied to God's response to suffering.

A Cry That Provokes Divine Intervention: The groaning of the afflicted is not unheard. In the Psalms, the sighing of the poor and the groaning of the prisoner are the direct catalysts for God's action to save, deliver, and preserve (Psalms 12:5, Psalms 102:20).
The Voice of the Vulnerable: This word gives expression to the pain of society's most vulnerable—the poor, the needy, and the prisoner. God's attentiveness to this cry highlights His role as the defender of the oppressed.
Anguish from Unfaithfulness: The use of crying out in Malachi demonstrates a different kind of anguish: the sorrow that results from a broken covenant. The people's unfaithfulness renders their worship unacceptable, turning their religious expressions into cries of frustration Malachi 2:13.

Summary

In summary, H603 is more than just a sound of pain; it is a biblically significant cry that reaches the ears of God. It represents the profound suffering of the oppressed and imprisoned, which moves God to act in deliverance. It also serves as a stark reminder of the spiritual anguish that results when fellowship with God is broken through unfaithfulness.

How the KJV Renders It

Translation

Strong’s lists the renderings but not their weight. These are counted from the King James text of the tagged verses — the bar under each is how often the translators actually reached for it. Select one to filter the occurrences below.

Grammatical Forms

Morphology

In the Hebrew Old Testament, this word appears as a noun across 4 occurrences, inflected in 2 grammatical forms — each row is one form, and the bar is how often it is that form. Select any form to read what each part of its name means, and to filter the occurrence list to it.

אֶנְקַת
אֲנָקָה

Theographic Context

Context

The people, places, and span of history the verses containing this word touch on — drawn from the theographic tagging of Scripture. Select any name to isolate its verses in the occurrence list.

Biblical Distribution

Distribution

Appears in 4 verses across 2 of the 39 books. Most frequent in Psalms (3 verses); never once in the other 37.

Psalms

Malachi

Every Occurrence

Concordance

Every verse where the word is tagged in the King James text. Filter by book, by the English word the translators chose, by grammatical form, or search within the verses.

Sources. Definition and numbering: James Strong, Exhaustive Concordance of the Bible (1890). Morphology: STEPBible / Tyndale House (CC BY). Verse tagging: the King James text keyed to Strong’s numbers. Every count on this page is computed from the tagged corpus, not estimated.