### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **mâʻôwr**, represented by `{{H4589}}`, means **nakedness**. Derived from the root word עוּר, it specifically refers to nakedness or, in the plural, the pudenda. This term is exceptionally rare, appearing only **1 time** in a single verse in the entire Bible, which gives its sole usage significant weight.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single appearance of `{{H4589}}` is found in [[Habakkuk 2:15]], within a prophetic declaration of "Woe." The verse condemns one who gives his neighbor a drink from his bottle, making him drunk for the specific purpose of looking upon his **nakedness**. This context frames the word not as a simple state of being unclothed, but as a condition of vulnerability and shame deliberately induced by another for a malicious purpose.
### Related Words & Concepts
The meaning of `{{H4589}}` is illuminated by the words surrounding it in its only biblical context:
* `{{H1945}}` **hôwy** (woe): This is an interjection of doom or an announcement of judgment, often used by prophets to condemn sin ([[Isaiah 5:20]], [[Micah 2:1]]). Its use in [[Habakkuk 2:15]] immediately establishes the gravity of exposing another's nakedness.
* `{{H7937}}` **shâkar** (to be drunken): This word describes the act of intoxication that leads to the state of vulnerability. While it can be used in a celebratory context, as in being "filled with drink" [[Haggai 1:6]] or to "drink abundantly" [[Song of Solomon 5:1]], here it is the tool of a wicked scheme.
* `{{H5027}}` **nâbaṭ** (to look intently at): This term signifies a focused gaze. The intent behind the look is critical; it can be a righteous act, as when God promises to **look** upon the poor and contrite [[Isaiah 66:2]], or a sinful one, as in the malicious gaze upon the exposed neighbor in [[Habakkuk 2:15]].
* `{{H7453}}` **rêaʻ** (an associate, companion, neighbour): The victim is not a stranger but a **neighbour** or friend. This detail heightens the sense of betrayal, as the expected relationship of love and support [[Leviticus 19:18]] is violated.
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{H4589}}` is tied directly to its context of exploitation and divine judgment.
* **Symbol of Shameful Exploitation:** The act of intentionally intoxicating a **neighbour** `{{H7453}}` to expose their **nakedness** is presented as a profound sin. It represents taking advantage of another's induced powerlessness for personal gratification or mockery.
* **The Object of a Sinful Gaze:** The purpose of the act is "that thou mayest **look** `{{H5027}}` on their nakedness" [[Habakkuk 2:15]]. This connects the exposure to a deliberate, voyeuristic sin that violates the dignity of the person.
* **Grounds for Divine Judgment:** The entire action is introduced with "Woe" `{{H1945}}`, placing it among the severe transgressions condemned by the prophets. The exposure of **nakedness** in this manner is not a private misdeed but an offense that warrants a divine curse.
### Summary
In summary, while `{{H4589}}` is a rarely used term, its singular context in [[Habakkuk 2:15]] gives it a powerful and unambiguous meaning. It represents more than physical nudity; it signifies a state of profound vulnerability, shame, and humiliation inflicted by one person upon another. The word serves as a stark biblical illustration of exploitation and the severe judgment that awaits those who prey on the weakness of their neighbors.
TRV