The Greek word týphō, represented by G5188, is defined as to make a smoke, which means to slowly consume without flame. It appears only 1 time across 1 unique verse in the Bible, indicating its specific and focused application in scripture.
In its sole biblical appearance, G5188 is used in the phrase "smoking flax" Matthew 12:20. This imagery describes something that is faintly burning or smoldering, on the verge of being extinguished. The context is a prophecy illustrating gentleness, where that which is weak and nearly spent, like smoking flax, will not be completely quenched until victory is achieved.
Several related words found in the same verse help illuminate its meaning:
- G4937 syntríbō (to crush completely, i.e. to shatter): This word describes the "bruised" reed that will not be broken Matthew 12:20. It is also used when God promises to bruise Satan Romans 16:20.
- G2563 kálamos (a reed...a pen): As the object that is bruised but not broken, the reed symbolizes fragility Matthew 12:20. The term is also used to describe an instrument of mockery Matthew 27:29 and a measuring tool given by an angel Revelation 11:1.
- G3043 línon (flax, i.e. (by implication) "linen"): This is the material that is described as smoking Matthew 12:20. In another context, angels are clothed in pure and white linen Revelation 15:6.
The theological weight of G5188 is derived entirely from its singular, metaphorical use.
- Metaphor for Frailty: The image of smoking flax serves as a powerful illustration of a person whose faith or strength is weak and near failure, yet still present.
- Principle of Divine Gentleness: Its use in Matthew 12:20 establishes a key attribute of the prophesied figure: he will not extinguish the faintest spark but will instead preserve it.
- Sustaining Power: The promise not to quench the smoking flax continues until judgment leads to victory, signifying that divine power sustains the weak towards a triumphant end Matthew 12:20.
In summary, týphō G5188 provides a crucial detail in a well-known biblical metaphor. Though used only once, its depiction of a smoldering wick powerfully communicates a theme of divine compassion. It works in tandem with the "bruised reed" to create a lasting image of a gentle authority that preserves, rather than discards, the fragile and the failing.
TRV