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Song of Solomon 2:8

“The Arrival of the Beloved”Song of Solomon 2:8–9

King James Version
The voice of my beloved! behold, he cometh leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills.

Bible text: King James Version (1769 Blayney text) · Public domain

KJV (with Strong's)
The voice H6963 of my beloved H1730! behold, he cometh H935 leaping H1801 upon the mountains H2022, skipping H7092 upon the hills H1389.

Bible text: King James Version with Strong's numbers · Public domain

Berean Standard Bible
Listen! My beloved approaches. Look! Here he comes, leaping across the mountains, bounding over the hills.

Bible text: Berean Standard Bible · Public domain

American Standard Version
The voice of my beloved! behold, he cometh, Leaping upon the mountains, Skipping upon the hills.

Bible text: American Standard Version (1901) · Public domain

World English Bible Messianic
The voice of my beloved! Behold, he comes, leaping on the mountains, skipping on the hills.

Bible text: World English Bible, Messianic edition · Public domain

Geneva Bible (1599)
It is the voyce of my welbeloued: beholde, hee commeth leaping by the mountaines, and skipping by the hilles.

Bible text: Geneva Bible (1599) · Public domain

Young's Literal Translation
The voice of my beloved! lo, this--he is coming, Leaping on the mountains, skipping on the hills.

Bible text: Young's Literal Translation · Public domain

King James Version — Interlinear
11 Hebrew words
  1. קוֹלKol[the] sound ofH6963N-mscNoun Singular Masculine Construct
  2. דּוֹדִיdo·Dimy loverH1730N-msc ¦ 1csNoun Singular Masculine Construct with suffixדּוֹדִloverיmy
  3. הִנֵּהhi·nehthere!H2009PrtParticle Interjection
  4. זֶהzehthisH2088PrtParticle Demonstrative
  5. בָּאBa'[is] comingH935V-Qal-Prtcpl-msVerb Qal Participle Singular Masculine Absolute
  6. מְדַלֵּגme·da·Leg[is] leapingH1801V-Piel-Prtcpl-msVerb Piel Participle Singular Masculine Absolute
  7. עַל'aloverH5921PrepPreposition
  8. הֶהָרִיםhe·ha·Rimthe mountainsH2022Art ¦ N-mpNoun Plural Masculine Absoluteהֶtheהָרִיםmountains
  9. מְקַפֵּץme·ka·Petz[is] boundingH7092V-Piel-Prtcpl-msVerb Piel Participle Singular Masculine Absolute
  10. עַל'aloverH5921PrepPreposition
  11. הַגְּבָעוֹתha·ge·va·'otthe hillsH1389Art ¦ N-fpNoun Plural Feminine Absoluteהַtheגְּבָעוֹתhills
English is a literal word-by-word gloss of the Hebrew, not the KJV's wording. Why?

This is the original text the KJV's translators worked from — each Hebrew word with its own literal English meaning in this verse, prepared by scholars at Tyndale House, Cambridge. The KJV translates whole sentences, not word by word, so its wording differs: one Hebrew word can become several English words, and the KJV may choose “the LORD” where the gloss reads “Yahweh”. Both are faithful — they answer different questions. For the KJV's own rendering, switch to the KJV text.

Words in [ ] are added by the English.

Translation
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In the KJVVerse 17,563 of 31,102 · 56.5%

Study this verse

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This verse

The Shulamite knows her beloved by his voice before she sees him, and then watches him come leaping over the mountains and skipping over the hills in his eagerness to reach her.

“The voice of my beloved!”

A cry of joy. She knows him by the sound before he is in sight, and her waiting turns at once into glad expectation.

“behold, he cometh”

With hinnēh she turns from hearing to seeing. He is already on his way to her.

“leaping upon the mountains,”

He crosses the highest ground in his path in bounds, as a lover in a hurry.

“skipping upon the hills.”

The same picture on the lower hills, so that the whole land between them is crossed lightly and gladly.

Passage studySong of Solomon 2:8–9

The Voice of My Beloved

8The voice of my beloved! behold, he cometh leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills. 9My beloved is like a roe or a young hart: behold, he standeth behind our wall, he looketh forth at the windows, shewing himself through the lattice.

Summary

After her longing in the verses before, the Shulamite suddenly hears the voice of her beloved. She sees him coming, leaping upon the mountains and skipping upon the hills, as swift and graceful as a gazelle or a young deer. Then he is at her house, standing behind the wall, looking in at the windows and showing himself through the lattice. These two verses celebrate the joy of a man and a woman who love each other, and they give us a picture of the Lord, who comes to his people eagerly and lets himself be seen.

How she knows he is coming

The woman speaks these verses. In Song of Solomon 1 she longed to know where her beloved was, and in Song of Solomon 2:1–7 she described herself and her desire to be close to him. Now her longing is answered all at once with a cry of delight: “The voice of my beloved!”

She hears him before she sees him. The word for voice, qôwl, comes from a root meaning to call aloud, and it covers every kind of sound, from a whisper to thunder. Here it is a sound she would know anywhere. In hill country, where the lie of the land could keep a traveller out of sight, a voice was often the first sign of who was coming, and she knows this one at once because she knows him well. That deep, shared knowing runs through the whole Song, and later she says, “I am my beloved’s, and my beloved is mine” (Song of Solomon 6:3).

Her name for him, “my beloved”, is dôwd, a word for one who is loved, a lover or a friend, and in other places an uncle. Strong’s traces it to a root meaning to boil, used figuratively of love. On her lips it carries all her affection.

Then comes “behold, he cometh”. The interjection hinnēh, “behold”, calls us to look with her, because she can now see him as well as hear him. The verb bôwʼ is the ordinary word for coming or going, and here it brings him toward her.

Why he comes leaping over mountains and hills

“Leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills” pictures a man in a hurry, and a glad one. The verb dâlag means to spring or leap, and qâphats, “skipping”, adds the same light, quick movement. The mountains (har) are the high ground and the hills (gibʻâh) the lower, and he crosses both with ease. Anyone who knew the rough country of Judea knew how hard such ground was to cross on foot, so the picture tells how much he wants to reach her.

The poem makes his speed larger than life, as the words of lovers do. The mountains and hills are real ground, and they also stand for whatever distance or difficulty lies between the two of them. He is eager for her, and he is the one who comes. David uses a like picture for the strength God gives him: “by my God have I leaped over a wall” (Psalm 18:29).

Why she likens him to a gazelle

“My beloved is like a roe or a young hart.” The roe is the gazelle, and the young hart a young deer. People in Israel knew these animals well and admired them for their grace, beauty, agility and speed. So the comparison says that he is handsome and full of youthful strength, perhaps playful too, and quick to come to her. The Song returns to the same picture at its very end, where she calls to him, “Make haste, my beloved, and be thou like to a roe or to a young hart upon the mountains of spices” (Song of Solomon 8:14).

Why he shows himself through the lattice

“Behold” sounds again, and now he is at her house. “He standeth behind our wall.” The wall, kôthel, is the wall of a house or courtyard, from a root meaning to compact, a wall that encloses those who live inside. Homes in Israel often had enclosed courtyards, and their windows might be covered with a lattice, a screen or grating that kept the inside private, let the air through and softened the light. He stands outside and looks in at the windows, wanting to see her and to be seen.

“Shewing himself through the lattice” uses the verb tsûwts, which means to twinkle or glance, and by a like picture to blossom. It is a quick look, a glimpse caught and then gone, like a sparkle. Through the openings of the screen she sees him only in part. He comes right to the edge of her private space and waits there, letting himself be seen, and his half-hidden face makes her watch all the more closely. There is play in it, and patience too. In courtship of that day such glimpses carried real weight, and they gladden her.

In the very next verses he speaks and calls her to come away with him into the spring (Song of Solomon 2:10–14). The longing of this scene comes back later, when she goes looking for him through the city (Song of Solomon 3:1–4).

How the beloved pictures Christ

These verses delight in the love of a man and a woman as God made it, and they also picture the love of God for his people: his covenant love for Israel, and Christ’s love for the church, his bride. The Lord says to Israel, “I have loved thee with an everlasting love” (Jeremiah 31:3), and the beloved’s eager coming is a picture of that love in motion.

The voice his people know

Christ is the Word made flesh (John 1:14), and he says, “My sheep hear my voice” (John 10:27). As the Shulamite knew her beloved by his voice before she saw him, his people know him by his word in Scripture, in prayer and by his Spirit.

The mountains he crossed

The beloved leaping over the mountains pictures the eagerness with which Christ came to us. He “made himself of no reputation” (Philippians 2:7) and crossed the distance between heaven and earth. The mountains in his way were sin, death and our separation from God, and he overcame them by his birth, his sinless life, his atoning death and his rising again. Isaiah speaks of mountains and hills brought low as the way of the Lord is prepared (Isaiah 40:4). The doubts, fears and weakness of his people are hills he crosses just as easily, and he draws near to them: “Draw nigh to God, and he will draw nigh to you” (James 4:8).

His coming has a second part still ahead. At his ascension his disciples were promised that he would return (Acts 1:11), and John writes, “Behold, he cometh with clouds” (Revelation 1:7). He will come swiftly and in triumph for his beloved, and the church answers with the prayer, “Even so, come, Lord Jesus” (Revelation 22:20).

Seen in part, then face to face

The beloved at the lattice, near and partly seen, pictures how Christ shows himself to us. In the incarnation the Son veiled his glory in human flesh, and those who heard his words and saw his miracles and his kindness caught sight of who he was. He is with his people now (Matthew 28:20) through the Spirit who dwells in them, the preached word, the sacraments and the fellowship of believers, while his full glory is still veiled. He stands at the door and knocks, seeking closer fellowship with us (Revelation 3:20).

Paul says that now we see “through a glass, darkly”, and then “face to face” (1 Corinthians 13:12). The Shulamite’s eager watching at her window is the longing of the church for that day, the same thirst the psalmist knew when his soul panted after God “as the hart panteth after the water brooks” (Psalm 42:1).

What the beloved’s coming shows us of God

The Shulamite longed and waited, and her beloved came to her, swift, glad and determined. Our God comes for his people in the same way. He takes the first step, he crosses the distance himself, and he is glad to do it. He is near even when we see him only in part, standing at the wall and showing himself through the lattice of his word and his works. One day the lattice will be taken away, and his people will see him face to face. Until then the church listens for his voice and watches for his coming.

Last revised

Historical interpretation

Fifteen Centuries of Reception

9 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.

9 quotes · AD 253–1781
Ante-NicenePost-NiceneEarly MedievalMedieval
200300400500600700800900100011001200130014001500160017001800

Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.

But first understand that before he appeared to the eyes of the bride, the groom had been recognized by her by his voice alone, but afterwards he appeared to her sight, leaping on top of certain mountains near that place in which the bride tarried, and passing over the hills and mountains not so much in steps as much as in some big leaps like a stag or a roe and coming with all haste to his bride.But when he came to the house where his bride stayed, note that he stood behind the house for a little while so that he would indeed be perceived to be present but nonetheless not yet willing to enter the house openly and plainly, but first wished to look at the bride through the windows in the guise of love, as it were.
But note that certain nets and traps had been placed near the bride’s home so as to capture her or another of her companions from the daughters of Jerusalem, if by chance they should have ever left. The groom came to those nets, confident that he would not be captured by them, but having been made stronger than them, he tore those nets asunder, and once he had torn them, he walked on top of them and even looked through them; and after he had done this task, he said to the bride, “Arise, come, my neighbor, my bride, my dove.”
But he says this to show to her by that very act how she, with faith in him, ought to despise now the nets that her enemy had stretched out against her, and not to fear the snare, that she now sees have been torn asunder by her groom. Furthermore, in order that he may call the bride forth to hasten to him, he says to her that now all the time that seemed dire has passed away and the winter, which seemed to have arisen as her excuse, has departed and the useless rains have gone away and now the time of flowers has come.…
Therefore, if we also wish to see the Word of God and the groom of the soul as he leaps over mountains and jumps over hills, let us first hear his voice and, when we have heard him in all matters, then we will be able to see him according to thoese things which the bride is said to have seen in this present passage. For although she herself also saw him earlier, she nonetheless did not see him as now, leaping over the mountains and jumping over the hills, nor even leaning through her windows or looking through the nets, but rather it seems that she had seen him earlier in the time of winter.…
For if you were to consider how in a the space of a brief amount of time the Word of God has run throughout the world that had been seized by false superstitions and called the world back to knowledge of the true faith, you will understand how “he leaps over the mountains”—namely, he overpowered all the great kingdoms by his leaps and he inclined them to accept knowledge of divine religion—and how “he jumps over the hills”—since he quickly subdues lesser kingdoms and leads them to the piety of true worship.
d. AD 392Gregory of ElviraPost-NiceneSourceEXPLANATION OF THE SONG OF SONGS 4:4
The mountains are patriarchs, vast with holiness, robust in faith, founded upon a mass of charity, but the hills are prophets, established for seeing. He is said therefore to be raised higher than every mountain, or patriarch, and to leap over every hill, or prophet, because he is Lord over all, with all things being put under his feet.
d. AD 395Gregory of NyssaPost-NiceneSourceHOMILIES ON THE SONG OF SONGS 5
The voice of the bridegroom was heard when God spoke through the prophets. After the voice the Word came leaping over the mountains that stood in his way, and by bounding over the hills, he made every rebellious power subject to himself, both the inferior powers and those that are greater. The distinction between mountains and hills signifies that both the superior adversary and the inferior one are trampled and destroyed by the same power and authority. The lion and the dragon, superior beasts, are trampled; so too are the serpent and the scorpion, which are inferior.
d. AD 397Ambrose of MilanPost-NiceneSourceOn Isaac and the Soul
For at first, impatient of love and unable to bear the delays of the Word, she prays to be worthy of kisses, and she deserved to see the desired. Secondly, when she was also introduced into the king's chambers and engaged in mutual conversation, she rested in his shadow, and suddenly the Word departed from the midst of their conversation; however, it was not absent for long, but came forth leaping over the mountains and bounding over the hills. And not long after, like a young deer or a fawn, while addressing his beloved, he leaped forth and departed.
d. AD 420JeromePost-NiceneSourceHOMILIES ON THE PSALMS 45 (PSALM 132)
Let us follow Christ in the mountains since our brother like a gazelle or a young stag came leaping over the hills, springing across the mountains. In truth, Christ after the resurrection did not ascend into heaven from the valley but from the mountain. Unless we are mountains of virtue, we cannot ascend into heaven.
d. AD 444Cyril of AlexandriaPost-NiceneSourceFRAGMENTS IN THE COMMENTARY ON THE SONG OF SONGS 2:9
“Behold, he comes leaping upon the mountains and jumping across the hills.” … Some things imply that the bridegroom is already present, whereas other things suggest that the bridegroom is being sought by the bride. For we too investigate some problems for which we do not know the solution and some problems, when the bridegroom and Word enlightens our hearts, which we find already solved. Then, in other matters, we doubt again and it is revealed to us anew. This will happen often until we possess the bridegroom fully, when he not only comes to us but also remains within us.… “He comes leaping upon the mountains.” He also comes trampling upon the nets cast by the evil demon, breaking them that we too might trample on them contemptuously.
Hence in the voice of this same Church it is said through Solomon, "Behold, he comes leaping upon the mountains and bounding over the hills." For she considered the heights of such great works and said, "Behold, he comes leaping upon the mountains." For in coming for our redemption, He made certain leaps, so to speak. Do you wish, dearest brothers, to recognize His very leaps? From heaven He came into the womb, from the womb He came into the manger, from the manger He came to the cross, from the cross He came into the tomb, from the tomb He returned to heaven. Behold, so that He might make us run after Him, the Truth made manifest through the flesh made certain leaps for us, because "He rejoiced as a giant to run His course," so that we might say to Him from the heart, "Draw us after You; we will run in the fragrance of Your ointments."
d. AD 735BedeEarly MedievalSourceCommentary on the Song of Songs
Behold, he comes leaping upon the mountains, etc. He calls those mountains and hills who, with singular purity of mind, transcend the common conduct of the holy Church, almost like the blooming plain of the fields, and the more they render themselves lighter from the desire of the lowly, the more capable of contemplating the heavenly they become. Of whom Isaiah, when describing the coming in the flesh of the Mediator of God and men, said: "And in the last days, the mountain of the house of the Lord shall be prepared on the top of the mountains, and shall be exalted above the hills" (Isaiah II). For rightly that mountain is said to be on the top of the mountains, and to be exalted above the hills, that is, it is remembered as being higher than the high men, because, indeed, in the last days, a man appeared among men, but He existed as God with the Father before the ages. But coming upon these mountains, the Beloved is said to leap, to pass over these hills, because the Lord frequently illuminates the hearts of the sublime with the grace of His visitation. And it is beautifully said that he does not remain on these hills, but leaps or passes over them, because the sweetness of internal contemplation, as high as it is due to the recognition of heavenly things, is equally brief and rare, due to the heaviness of minds still held down by the mass of the flesh. For the corruptible body weighs down the soul, and the earthly habitation depresses the mind that thinks on many things (Wisdom IX). Nor should it be thought contrary to this sentiment, that the Beloved Himself also promises His spouse in the Gospel, saying: "Behold, I am with you all days, even to the consummation of the world" (Matthew XXVIII). And again, "If anyone loves me, he will keep my word, and my Father will love him, and we will come to him, and make our abode with him" (John XIV). For He always remains, through His faith and love, and through the assistance of His grace, with all the saints; but more excellently, for a short time, He appears to a few of the more sublime, to whom He wills and when He wills: for it is the saying of a few, and of those who, due to the loftiness of their hearts, are compared to mountains and hills, "For whether we are beside ourselves, it is to God; or whether we are sober, it is for your cause" (II Corinthians V). But it is said to all the faithful, "Whoever shall confess that Jesus is the Son of God, God dwells in him, and he in God" (I John IV). It is for the entire Church to hear with a faithful heart, "Because God is love; and he that dwells in love, dwells in God, and God in him." It is only for the perfect to say, "For we have not followed cunningly devised fables, when we made known to you the power and coming of our Lord Jesus Christ, but we were eyewitnesses of His majesty" (II Peter I). An evident example of this contemplation is further added, when it is said,
d. AD 1781Richard ChallonerMedieval
The voice of my beloved: that is, the preaching of the gospel surmounting difficulties figuratively here expressed by mountains and little hills.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.

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