TRV
Study This Verse
Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Proverbs 24:3–6.
We are tempted to envy those that grow rich, and raise their estates and families, by such unjust courses as our consciences will by no means suffer us to use. But, to set aside that temptation, Solomon here shows that a man, with prudent management, may raise his estate and family by lawful and honest means, with a good conscience, and a good name, and the blessing of God upon his industry; and, if the other be raised a little sooner, yet these will last a great deal longer. 1. That which is here recommended to us as having the best influence upon our outward prosperity is wisdom, and understanding, and knowledge; that is, both piety towards God (for that is true wisdom) and prudence in the management of our outward affairs. We must govern ourselves in every thing by the rules of religion first and then of discretion. Some that are truly pious do not thrive in the world, for want of prudence; and some that are prudent enough, yet do not prosper, because they lean to their own understanding and do not acknowledge God in their ways; therefore both must go together to complete a wise man. 2. That which is here set before us as the advantage of true wisdom is that it will make men's outward affairs prosperous and successful. (1.) it will build a house and establish it, Pro 24:3. Men may by unrighteous practices build their houses, but they cannot establish them, for the foundation is rotten (Hab 2:9, Hab 2:10); whereas what is honestly got will wear like steel and be an inheritance to children's children. (2.) It will enrich a house and furnish it, Pro 24:4. Those that manage their affairs with wisdom and equity, that are diligent in the use of lawful means for increasing what they have that spare from luxury and spend in charity, are in a fair way to have their shops, their warehouses, their chambers, filled with all precious and pleasant riches - precious because got by honest labour, and the substance of a diligent man is precious - pleasant because enjoyed with holy cheerfulness. Some think this is to be understood chiefly of spiritual riches. By knowledge the chambers of the soul are filled with the graces and comforts of the Spirit, those precious and pleasant riches; for the Spirit, by enlightening the understanding, performs all his other operations on the soul. (3.) It will fortify a house and turn it into a castle: Wisdom is better than weapons of war, offensive or defensive. A wise man is in strength, is in a strong-hold, yea, a man of knowledge strengthens might, that is, increases it, Pro 24:5. As we grow in knowledge we grow in all grace, Pe2 3:18. Those that increase in wisdom are strengthened with all might, Col 1:9, Col 1:11. A wise man will compass that by his wisdom which a strong man cannot effect by force of arms. The spirit is strengthened both for the spiritual work and the spiritual warfare by true wisdom. (4.) It will govern a house and a kingdom too, and the affairs of both, Pro 24:6. Wisdom will erect a college, or council of state. Wisdom will be of use, [1.] For the managing of the public quarrels, so as not to engage in them but for an honest cause and with some probability of success, and, when they are engaged in, to manage them well, and so as to make either an advantageous peace or an honourable retreat: By wise counsel thou shalt make war, which is a thing that may prove of ill consequence if not done by wise counsel. [2.] For the securing of the public peace: In the multitude of counsellors there is safety, for one may foresee the danger, and discern the advantages, which another cannot. In our spiritual conflicts we need wisdom, for our enemy is subtle.
Historical interpretation
Historical Reception
One surviving comment on this verse from the historical church.
A wise man is strong, etc. Not everyone who is strong and wise, but everyone who is wise is to be called strong, because even if he is weak in body, if wisdom is present, he conquers all struggles of his adversary, that is, of the devil.
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Summary
Proverbs 24:5 powerfully declares that true strength is not merely a physical attribute but is profoundly rooted in wisdom and knowledge. This proverb elevates intellectual and spiritual discernment above brute force, asserting that an individual endowed with understanding and insight possesses a superior and more enduring form of power. This cultivated strength enables them to navigate life's complexities, make sound decisions, and achieve lasting success, highlighting that the diligent acquisition and application of knowledge actively enhance one's capabilities, influence, and resilience.
Context
Literary Context
Proverbs 24:5 is situated within a distinct collection of "Further Sayings of the Wise" (Proverbs 22:17-24:34), which serves as an appendix to the primary Solomonic proverbs. This section is characterized by its practical instructions and moral exhortations, guiding the reader toward a life of prudence, righteousness, and effective living within society. The immediate literary context emphasizes the practical utility of wisdom in daily life. For instance, Proverbs 24:3-4 highlights how "by wisdom a house is built, and by understanding it is established," demonstrating wisdom's foundational role in domestic stability. Similarly, Proverbs 24:6 asserts, "For by wise guidance you can wage your war, and in abundance of counselors there is victory." Thus, Proverbs 24:5 naturally flows from and reinforces this emphasis, establishing wisdom and knowledge as indispensable elements for effective living, leadership, and successful endeavors, whether in personal affairs or strategic undertakings.
Historical & Cultural Context
In ancient Israel and the broader ancient Near East, wisdom was a highly esteemed virtue, cultivated through both informal oral tradition and formal instruction, often within scribal schools or family settings. The book of Proverbs itself is a testament to this tradition, serving as a primary vehicle for transmitting practical and theological wisdom across generations. While physical prowess, military might, and material wealth were certainly recognized as sources of power in the ancient world, the biblical wisdom tradition consistently championed a deeper, more enduring form of strength. This strength was derived from moral character, spiritual discernment, and adherence to divine principles. Unlike the fleeting nature of physical power or the instability of wealth, wisdom was understood to provide true stability, security, and long-term prosperity. This perspective offered a counter-cultural challenge to the prevailing notion that only external displays of strength conferred power, instead pointing to an internal, cultivated strength accessible to all who diligently sought it.
Key Themes
This proverb significantly contributes to several overarching themes pervasive throughout the book of Proverbs. Firstly, it powerfully reinforces the central theme of Wisdom as the Principal Thing, echoing the urgent call to "get wisdom; and with all thy getting get understanding" found in Proverbs 4:7. It asserts that wisdom is not merely an intellectual pursuit but an active source of genuine power and capability, enabling individuals to overcome obstacles and achieve their goals. Secondly, it elaborates on the theme of Knowledge as Empowerment, suggesting that the acquisition of understanding actively increases one's capacity, influence, and resilience. This involves not just accumulating facts but discerning truth and applying it effectively in practical life. Lastly, the proverb subtly introduces and champions the theme of Strength Beyond the Physical, challenging a narrow, worldly definition of power. It aligns with other biblical texts that prioritize spiritual and intellectual fortitude over mere physical might, such as when the Preacher declares that "wisdom is better than strength" in Ecclesiastes 9:16, emphasizing an internal, cultivated power that transcends outward appearances.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
From a root meaning "to be wise," this term refers to someone intelligent, skillful, or artful. It denotes not just theoretical knowledge but practical sagacity—the ability to apply understanding effectively in various situations. A "wise man" is one who possesses discernment and insight, capable of making sound judgments and navigating complex circumstances with skill and prudence.
This word signifies strength in various applications, including force, security, majesty, and praise. It implies a robust, enduring power, not necessarily physical might alone, but a comprehensive capability that provides stability and influence. When applied to a wise man, it suggests an internal fortitude and effectiveness that goes beyond superficial displays of power, enabling resilience and steadfastness.
This term refers to knowledge, understanding, and discernment. It implies not just factual information but also an intimate acquaintance with truth and the ability to apply it. The "man of knowledge" is one who possesses insight and understanding, which then serves as a dynamic foundation for increasing one's capabilities, effectiveness, and overall influence.
Verse Breakdown
"A wise man [is] strong"
This initial clause establishes a direct and inherent correlation between wisdom and strength. It posits that the very essence of a wise person inherently includes a profound form of power or capability. This strength is not primarily physical, but rather a robust mental, moral, and strategic fortitude that enables the wise individual to stand firm, make effective decisions, and exert positive influence in their environment. It suggests that wisdom provides an inner resilience and capacity that makes one truly formidable and capable of enduring.
"yea, a man of knowledge increaseth strength."
This second clause reinforces and expands upon the first, employing a classic feature of Hebrew poetry: synonymous parallelism. The phrase "man of knowledge" parallels "wise man," and "increaseth strength" elaborates on the concept of being "strong." The verb "increaseth" (from H553, ʼâmats') implies an active, dynamic process of becoming stronger, more courageous, or more firmly established. Thus, knowledge is presented not as a static possession but as a vital, dynamic force that actively builds upon and enhances one's existing capabilities, leading to greater power, effectiveness, and resilience in all aspects of life.
Literary Devices
Proverbs 24:5 primarily employs Synonymous Parallelism, a foundational characteristic of Hebrew poetic structure. The first half of the verse, "A wise man [is] strong," presents a core idea, which is then rephrased, restated, and slightly expanded upon in the second half, "yea, a man of knowledge increaseth strength." This repetition with variation serves to powerfully emphasize and reinforce the central message: wisdom and knowledge are intrinsically and actively linked to power, capability, and resilience. The conjunction "yea" (or "and" in some translations) further highlights this reinforcing connection, drawing the reader's attention to the profound and active relationship between intellectual and spiritual discernment and true, enduring power. The proverb's structure thus enhances its memorability and impact, driving home its profound truth.
Theological and Thematic Connections
This proverb underscores a profound biblical truth: God is the ultimate source of all true wisdom and strength. Far from being a mere human intellectual pursuit, biblical wisdom is fundamentally rooted in the fear of the Lord (Proverbs 9:10), which is the "beginning of wisdom." When humanity seeks knowledge and wisdom, especially divine wisdom revealed in Scripture, they are tapping into a resource that empowers them to live righteously, make discerning choices, and stand firm against the challenges of a fallen world. This strength is not for selfish gain or worldly dominance but for living a life that honors God, serves others, and reflects His character and purposes in the world, enabling believers to walk in His ways and fulfill His will.
Reflection and Application
Proverbs 24:5 offers a profound counter-cultural message for our modern age, which often equates strength with physical prowess, material wealth, social dominance, or even technological superiority. This proverb calls us to re-evaluate our priorities, reminding us that true and lasting strength is cultivated not primarily in the gym, the marketplace, or the digital realm, but in the quiet, diligent pursuit of wisdom and knowledge. It encourages us to invest deeply in intellectual and spiritual growth, recognizing that a discerning mind and a heart anchored in truth are our most formidable assets. This inner fortitude empowers us to navigate complex decisions with clarity, resist temptation with conviction, persevere through adversity with resilience, and lead with integrity and foresight. By valuing continuous learning, seeking godly counsel, and meditating deeply on God's Word, we build an internal resilience that equips us for every challenge and opportunity, allowing us to live lives of profound impact, enduring significance, and authentic witness in a world that desperately needs true wisdom.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Does this proverb diminish the importance of physical strength or other forms of power?
No, this proverb does not diminish the importance of physical strength or other forms of power entirely, but rather redefines and elevates the concept of "strength." In ancient contexts, physical might was certainly valued, especially in warfare and labor. However, Proverbs consistently presents wisdom as a superior, more foundational, and enduring form of power. It suggests that while physical strength can be fleeting or limited in its application, the strength derived from wisdom and knowledge is comprehensive, strategic, and resilient, enabling a person to overcome challenges that brute force cannot. It's about prioritizing the source of true effectiveness, emphasizing that intellectual and moral fortitude are the ultimate wellsprings of lasting power and influence, as seen in the strategic counsel needed for victory in Proverbs 24:6.
How does one "increase strength" through knowledge in a practical sense?
Increasing strength through knowledge involves several practical aspects. Firstly, knowledge provides discernment, allowing one to make better decisions, anticipate consequences, and avoid pitfalls. This leads to more effective actions and fewer wasted efforts. Secondly, it fosters resilience, as understanding equips one to process and learn from setbacks, rather than being crushed by them. Thirdly, knowledge enhances influence and leadership, as informed individuals are better able to persuade, guide, and inspire others, building a "house" by wisdom as mentioned in Proverbs 24:3. Finally, for the believer, knowledge of God's Word and His character provides spiritual fortitude, empowering one to live righteously and stand firm against spiritual opposition, as seen in the call to "be strong in the Lord and in the power of His might" in Ephesians 6:10.
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
Proverbs 24:5 finds its ultimate and most profound fulfillment in Jesus Christ, who is the very embodiment of divine wisdom and strength. The New Testament reveals Jesus not merely as a wise teacher, but as the wisdom of God personified, the one "who became to us wisdom from God, righteousness and sanctification and redemption" (1 Corinthians 1:30). In Him "are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge" (Colossians 2:3), making Him the ultimate source and definition of true understanding. His strength was not of physical might, though He demonstrated unparalleled authority over creation, disease, and demons, but of perfect obedience, unwavering resolve, and divine power to accomplish redemption. He "increased in wisdom and in stature and in favor with God and man" (Luke 2:52), demonstrating the very principle of the proverb in His human development. Through His life, sacrificial death, and victorious resurrection, Christ displayed unparalleled strength over sin, death, and the grave, a strength rooted in divine wisdom and perfect knowledge of the Father's will. Believers, by being united with Christ and "strengthened with all power, according to His glorious might" (Colossians 1:11) and having the mind of Christ (1 Corinthians 2:16), are called to partake in this divine wisdom and strength, enabling them to live lives of profound spiritual power that far transcends any earthly measure, reflecting the very character of the One in whom all wisdom and strength reside.