Judges 18:16

KJV

And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war, which [were] of the children of Dan, stood by the entering of the gate.

KJV (with Strong's)

And the six {H8337} hundred {H3967} men {H376} appointed {H2296} with their weapons {H3627} of war {H4421}, which were of the children {H1121} of Dan {H1835}, stood {H5324} by the entering {H6607} of the gate {H8179}.

Complete Jewish Bible

The 600 soldiers from Dan stayed at the gate,

Berean Standard Bible

The six hundred Danites stood at the entrance of the gate, armed with their weapons of war.

American Standard Version

And the six hundred men girt with their weapons of war, who were of the children of Dan, stood by the entrance of the gate.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Judges 18:16 vividly portrays the six hundred armed Danite warriors, fully equipped for battle, taking up a strategic position at the entrance of the city gate of Laish. This moment marks a critical juncture in the tribe of Dan's unauthorized quest for new territory, highlighting their military discipline and readiness for the impending conquest, yet set against the broader backdrop of Israel's spiritual decline and self-reliance during the turbulent period of the Judges.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Judges 18:16 is situated within the narrative of the tribe of Dan's migration, a significant episode in the latter half of the book of Judges (chapters 17-21), which illustrates the moral and spiritual decay of Israel. The chapter begins with the Danites sending five spies to scout for new territory, as they had failed to secure their initial inheritance. These spies encounter Micah's idolatrous shrine and his Levite priest (Judges 18:1-10). Upon their return, they report on the peaceful, unsuspecting city of Laish, recommending it as a suitable target. The narrative then details the departure of the six hundred armed Danite men, who, en route to Laish, stop at Micah's house and forcibly take his ephod, teraphim, and the Levite priest (Judges 18:11-17). Verse 16 specifically describes the moment these warriors, having acquired the religious artifacts, position themselves at the city gate, ready to execute their plan of conquest, while the priest and idols are secured by the main body of their contingent. This act of military precision immediately follows their spiritual theft, underscoring the dislocated priorities of the tribe.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** The period of the Judges (c. 1375-1050 BC) was characterized by a decentralized tribal confederacy, frequent cycles of apostasy, oppression, repentance, and deliverance, often summarized by the refrain, "In those days there was no king in Israel: every man did that which was right in his own eyes" (Judges 17:6; [Judges 21:25](/judges/21-25 "Judges 21:25 - No King in Israel")). The tribe of Dan, unlike many others, had failed to fully dispossess the Amorites from their allotted inheritance in the central coastal plain, being "forced into the hill country" (Judges 1:34). This historical pressure likely fueled their search for a more secure and spacious territory. Ancient city gates were not merely entry points but served as strategic centers for defense, commerce, and legal proceedings. To "stand by the entering of the gate" was a deliberate tactical maneuver, indicating an imminent assault or an assertion of control over the city's most vulnerable and vital access point. The military equipment mentioned reflects standard Bronze Age weaponry, including swords, spears, and possibly shields, all essential for siege warfare.
* **Key Themes:** This verse contributes to several overarching themes in Judges. Firstly, it highlights the **breakdown of tribal integrity and divine inheritance**. The Danites' abandonment of their God-given territory and their violent seizure of new land demonstrates a departure from the Mosaic covenant and a reliance on human strength rather than divine provision, a theme echoed in [Judges 1:34](/judges/1-34 "Judges 1:34 - Dan's Failure to Dispossess the Amorites"). Secondly, it underscores the **pervasive self-reliance and moral relativism** of the era. The Danites' actions, though militarily effective, are driven by self-interest and executed without any apparent consultation of Yahweh, culminating in the establishment of idolatry in their new settlement (Judges 18:30-31), a stark contrast to the faithful conquest narratives found in [Joshua](/joshua/1 "The Book of Joshua"). Thirdly, the verse subtly introduces the theme of **military readiness versus spiritual preparedness**. While the Danites are perfectly "appointed with their weapons of war" for physical conquest, their spiritual state is one of profound compromise, as evidenced by their theft of Micah's idols and priest (Judges 18:14-17), foreshadowing the spiritual darkness that would envelop their new home.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **appointed (Hebrew, _ḥagurim'_):** This word, derived from the root *ḥagar*, means "girded," "equipped," or "armed." It implies a state of readiness, where one has fastened on their belt and, by extension, their weapons. In a military context, it signifies being fully prepared for action, with all necessary gear in place. The Danite warriors were not merely carrying weapons; they were "girded" with them, indicating a professional and immediate preparedness for combat.
* **weapons of war (Hebrew, _kĕlê milḥamtām'_):** This phrase refers to the standard implements used in ancient warfare. *Kĕlê* means "vessels," "implements," or "equipment," and *milḥamtām* means "their war" or "their battle." Together, it denotes their complete military apparatus—swords, spears, shields, bows, etc.—confirming their identity as a well-equipped fighting force. This detail emphasizes their formidable nature and the seriousness of their expedition.
* **entering of the gate (Hebrew, _petaḥ haššaʿar'_):** *Petaḥ* means "opening" or "entrance," and *šaʿar* means "gate." This specific location highlights the strategic vulnerability of ancient cities. The gate was the primary point of access and defense, often the strongest part of the city wall, yet also the most likely point of attack. To stand "by the entering of the gate" signifies a position of immediate threat, poised to breach the city's defenses or control its access.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And the six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war":** This clause identifies the specific number and armed status of the Danite contingent. The "six hundred men" represent a significant fighting force, indicating a planned military operation rather than a mere scouting mission. Their being "appointed with their weapons of war" emphasizes their professional readiness and the serious, aggressive intent behind their presence. They are not just travelers but a disciplined military unit.
* **"which [were] of the children of Dan":** This phrase identifies the tribal affiliation of these warriors, linking their actions directly to the tribe of Dan. This connection is crucial for understanding the broader narrative of Dan's failure to secure its inheritance and its subsequent self-initiated, violent quest for new territory, which ultimately led to the establishment of a new, idolatrous center in Israel.
* **"stood by the entering of the gate":** This final clause describes their precise tactical positioning. To stand "by the entering of the gate" means they were at the threshold of the city, poised for immediate action. This detail conveys a sense of imminent invasion and control, as the gate was the most critical point of entry and defense for any ancient walled city. Their presence here signals the beginning of the conquest of Laish.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several significant literary devices. **Foreshadowing** is evident in the description of the armed men positioned at the gate; their stance and equipment immediately signal the impending violent conquest of Laish, which unfolds shortly thereafter. The detail of their "weapons of war" and their strategic "standing by the entering of the gate" builds narrative tension and anticipates the forceful takeover. There is also a subtle **irony** present: while the Danites exhibit military discipline and strategic acumen, these qualities are deployed in a venture that is fundamentally out of alignment with God's will and covenantal commands for Israel, ultimately leading to the establishment of idolatry. The "gate" itself can be seen as **symbolism**, representing not only the physical access point to the city but also the threshold between the Danites' past failures and their future, self-determined, and spiritually compromised existence in their new territory.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Judges 18:16, while describing a seemingly straightforward military maneuver, is deeply embedded in the theological landscape of the book of Judges. It powerfully illustrates the consequences of Israel's departure from covenant faithfulness, where human initiative and self-reliance supersede divine guidance. The Danites' meticulous military preparation stands in stark contrast to their spiritual negligence; they are perfectly equipped for earthly battle but utterly unprepared for spiritual discernment, having just stolen idols and a priest. This highlights a pervasive theme in Judges: when there is no king, and every man does what is right in his own eyes, even seemingly successful human endeavors can lead to spiritual decay and further compromise. Their quest for a new inheritance, driven by their failure to fully dispossess their enemies as commanded by God, becomes a testament to the dangers of pursuing one's own perceived needs outside of God's prescribed ways, ultimately leading to the establishment of a rival religious center that would plague Israel for centuries.

* [Judges 21:25](/judges/21-25 "Judges 21:25 - No King in Israel")
* [Judges 1:34](/judges/1-34 "Judges 1:34 - Dan's Failure to Dispossess")
* [Proverbs 14:12](/proverbs/14-12 "Proverbs 14:12 - A Way That Seems Right")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The scene in Judges 18:16 presents a striking paradox: immense human capability and strategic planning exercised in a context of profound spiritual misalignment. The Danites were "appointed with their weapons of war," physically ready and positioned for conquest, yet their entire enterprise was rooted in disobedience and self-will, leading to the propagation of idolatry. For believers today, this prompts a critical self-examination. We are called to be "strong in the Lord and in the strength of his might," to "put on the whole armor of God" (Ephesians 6:10-11), and to be strategically positioned for spiritual warfare. However, the Danite narrative serves as a potent warning: our readiness and effectiveness in any endeavor, whether spiritual or temporal, must always be tethered to God's will and His glory, not merely our own ambition or perceived needs. We must ask ourselves if our "weapons of war"—our talents, resources, and strategies—are truly being deployed in alignment with God's purposes, or if we, like the Danites, are pursuing our own "inheritance" in ways that, while seemingly successful, ultimately lead us away from true worship and into spiritual compromise.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does the Danites' military readiness contrast with their spiritual state, and what lessons can I draw from this contrast for my own life?**
* **In what areas of my life am I "appointed with weapons" (prepared, skilled, or resourced), but perhaps not fully aligned with God's will or seeking His guidance?**
* **What "gates" (opportunities, challenges, or decisions) am I standing before, and am I seeking divine counsel and wisdom before acting, or relying solely on my own strength and strategy?**

### FAQ
**Why were the Danites seeking new territory?**

Answer: The tribe of Dan was seeking new territory because they had failed to fully dispossess the Amorites from the inheritance originally allotted to them in the central coastal plain (Judges 1:34). They were confined to a small, difficult area and faced pressure from their neighbors. This led them to send out spies to find a more spacious and secure land, ultimately leading them to the peaceful city of Laish (Judges 18:1-10).

**What is the significance of "the entering of the gate" in ancient warfare?**

Answer: In ancient cities, the gate was the most critical point of entry and defense. While often heavily fortified, it was also the primary target for attackers. Controlling the gate meant controlling access to and from the city, effectively conquering it. To "stand by the entering of the gate" (Judges 18:16) was a highly strategic and aggressive posture, signaling an immediate intention to breach the city's defenses and initiate an assault.

**How does this verse relate to the broader theme of Judges?**

Answer: Judges 18:16 powerfully illustrates the overarching theme of the book of Judges: "In those days there was no king in Israel: every man did that which was right in his own eyes" (Judges 21:25). The Danites' actions—their self-initiated quest for land, their violent conquest, and their subsequent establishment of idolatry—exemplify the moral and spiritual chaos of the era. They act independently, without divine consultation, relying solely on their military might and human wisdom, leading to further spiritual decline within Israel.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
While Judges 18:16 describes a scene of human military conquest driven by self-interest and ultimately leading to idolatry, it points forward to the ultimate, righteous conquest achieved by Jesus Christ. The "six hundred men appointed with their weapons of war" foreshadow, in a distorted way, the spiritual army of God, equipped not with carnal weapons but with the "full armor of God" (Ephesians 6:11-17), for a spiritual battle against principalities and powers. Unlike the Danites who sought a physical inheritance through violence and established a kingdom of idolatry, Christ came to secure a spiritual inheritance for His people, not through earthly conquest but through self-sacrifice on the cross. He is the true "gate" (John 10:9) through whom all who believe find salvation and eternal life, conquering sin and death not by force, but by grace. The Danites' failure to fully possess their inheritance (Judges 1:34) highlights humanity's inability to achieve true rest and security apart from God's perfect provision. Christ, as the ultimate deliverer, secures a permanent and spiritual inheritance for His people, leading them into a kingdom of righteousness and peace, fulfilling what the flawed actions of the Danites could never achieve.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Judges 18:11

And there went from thence of the family of the Danites, out of Zorah and out of Eshtaol, six hundred men appointed with weapons of war.