Genesis 43:24

KJV

And the man brought the men into Joseph's house, and gave [them] water, and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses provender.

KJV (with Strong's)

And the man {H376} brought {H935} the men {H582} into Joseph's {H3130} house {H1004}, and gave {H5414} them water {H4325}, and they washed {H7364} their feet {H7272}; and he gave {H5414} their asses {H2543} provender {H4554}.

Complete Jewish Bible

The man brought the men into Yosef's house and gave them water, and they washed their feet, and he provided fodder for their donkeys.

Berean Standard Bible

And the steward took the men into Joseph’s house, gave them water to wash their feet, and provided food for their donkeys.

American Standard Version

And the man brought the men into Joseph’s house, and gave them water, and they washed their feet; and he gave their asses provender.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Genesis 43:24 meticulously describes an act of profound ancient Near Eastern hospitality, as Joseph's steward ushers his brothers into Joseph's personal residence, providing essential provisions: water for their weary feet and provender for their animals. This seemingly simple scene is laden with cultural and narrative significance, establishing an unexpected tone of welcome and setting the stage for the highly anticipated and dramatic reunion between Joseph and his family, particularly the long-separated Benjamin.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is situated at a critical juncture in the Joseph narrative, specifically during the brothers' second journey to Egypt. It immediately follows Joseph's instruction to his steward to "bring these men home, and slay, and make ready; for these men shall dine with me at noon" ([Genesis 43:16](/genesis/43-16 "Genesis 43:16 - Joseph's Command for Hospitality")). The steward's actions in verse 24 are a direct and faithful execution of this command, underscoring Joseph's deliberate and precise orchestration of events. The preceding verses detail the brothers' apprehension and fear upon being brought to Joseph's house, fearing they would be enslaved for the money found in their sacks from the previous journey ([Genesis 43:18](/genesis/43-18 "Genesis 43:18 - Brothers' Fear")). This act of hospitality, therefore, serves as a counterpoint to their anxiety, introducing a moment of unexpected grace before the climactic revelation and reconciliation that will unfold in the subsequent chapters.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** Hospitality was not merely a courtesy in the ancient Near East; it was a sacred duty and a cornerstone of social interaction, particularly for travelers in a harsh, dusty environment. Providing water for foot washing was a fundamental act of welcome, signifying both refreshment and respect for guests who had traveled long distances on unpaved roads, often in open sandals. This custom is deeply embedded in the cultural fabric of the region, appearing in various biblical accounts such as Abraham's welcome of the three visitors ([Genesis 18:4](/genesis/18-4 "Genesis 18:4 - Abraham's Hospitality")) and Lot's reception of the angels ([Genesis 19:2](/genesis/19-2 "Genesis 19:2 - Lot's Hospitality")). Similarly, providing "provender" for animals was an equally vital aspect of comprehensive hospitality, acknowledging the animals' role in travel and livelihood, and demonstrating the host's thorough care for all aspects of the guests' well-being.
* **Key Themes:** Genesis 43:24 contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the Joseph narrative and the book of Genesis. It highlights the theme of **Divine Providence**, as Joseph, unknowingly to his brothers, is acting as God's instrument to bring about reconciliation and preserve his family ([Genesis 45:5-8](/genesis/45-5-8 "Genesis 45:5-8 - God's Purpose in Joseph's Life")). The unexpected kindness shown to the brothers, despite their past betrayal, introduces the theme of **Grace Preceding Reconciliation**, foreshadowing the ultimate forgiveness Joseph will extend. Furthermore, the meticulous care for both the men and their animals exemplifies the theme of **Comprehensive Hospitality**, a virtue highly valued in biblical ethics and a practical demonstration of love and respect for others, regardless of their status or past actions. This scene also subtly develops the theme of **Preparation for Encounter**, as the physical cleansing and refreshment prepare the brothers not just for a meal, but for a transformative and identity-revealing encounter with their long-lost brother.

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **house (Hebrew, _bayith'_):** This term (H1004) refers to a dwelling, but in a broader sense, it encompasses the household, family, or even a palace. Here, it signifies Joseph's personal residence, emphasizing the intimacy and significance of the invitation. It's not a public inn or a mere administrative office, but Joseph's private domain, indicating a level of honor and trust far beyond what the brothers might have expected from a powerful Egyptian official.
* **water (Hebrew, _mayim'_):** The word (H4325) denotes literal water, but in this context, it is specifically for washing. Its provision highlights the practical necessity and customary nature of hospitality in a dusty climate. The act of providing water for foot washing was a fundamental gesture of welcome, signifying the host's humility and care for the comfort of weary travelers.
* **provender (Hebrew, _miçpôwʼ'_):** This term (H4554) refers to fodder or feed for animals. Its inclusion underscores the thoroughness of Joseph's hospitality. A truly considerate host in the ancient world would not only care for the human guests but also for their means of transport and livelihood, ensuring that both the travelers and their animals were refreshed and ready for the next stage of their journey or interaction.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"And the man brought the men into Joseph's house":** This clause describes the steward's direct obedience to Joseph's command, ushering the brothers from the public sphere into the private, esteemed residence of the governor. The "man" refers to Joseph's steward, acting on Joseph's behalf, and the "men" are Joseph's brothers, who are likely filled with apprehension and bewilderment at this unexpected invitation to the governor's home. This entry into Joseph's house marks a significant shift in their circumstances, from being suspected foreigners to honored guests.
* **"and gave them water, and they washed their feet":** This detail highlights a customary and essential act of ancient Near Eastern hospitality. Providing water for foot washing was a practical necessity for travelers on dusty roads and a profound gesture of welcome and humility from the host. It signifies the host's care for the guests' comfort and cleanliness, preparing them physically for the meal and interaction to follow. The brothers' act of washing their own feet, facilitated by the provided water, indicates their acceptance of this hospitality.
* **"and he gave their asses provender":** This final clause completes the picture of comprehensive hospitality. The steward's provision of feed for the donkeys demonstrates a meticulous attention to detail and a holistic approach to welcoming guests. It shows that Joseph's care extended beyond the immediate human needs to include the animals that were vital for their journey and livelihood, ensuring their full refreshment and readiness.

#### Literary Devices
The verse employs several **Literary Devices** to enhance its meaning and impact. **Symbolism** is evident in the act of foot washing, which represents not only physical cleansing but also a symbolic purification and preparation for a significant encounter. It foreshadows the deeper spiritual cleansing and reconciliation that will occur between Joseph and his brothers. The detailed description of hospitality, including care for the animals, serves as a **Motif** of genuine welcome and generosity, contrasting sharply with the brothers' previous harsh treatment and their own guilt. There is also a subtle **Irony** in the scene: the brothers are being treated with immense honor by the very brother they betrayed and sold into slavery, a fact unknown to them, which heightens the dramatic tension. This elaborate hospitality also functions as **Foreshadowing**, hinting at Joseph's true intentions and the eventual revelation of his identity, suggesting that the unexpected kindness is a prelude to a deeper, more profound event.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This scene of unexpected hospitality, orchestrated by Joseph, is rich with theological implications. It beautifully illustrates the principle that grace often precedes revelation and reconciliation. Joseph, though still concealed, extends kindness and provision to his brothers, creating an atmosphere of safety and welcome that begins to break down their fear and guilt. This mirrors God's patient and gracious dealings with humanity, often extending His favor and provision even before full repentance or understanding, drawing us into a deeper relationship. The meticulous care for both the men and their animals also speaks to the comprehensive nature of divine care, where God attends to both our spiritual and physical needs.

* [Genesis 45:5](/genesis/45-5 "Genesis 45:5 - God's Providential Plan"): Joseph later reveals that God sent him ahead to preserve life, demonstrating how even seemingly mundane acts of hospitality are part of God's larger, providential plan.
* [John 13:5](/john/13-5 "John 13:5 - Jesus Washes Disciples' Feet"): Jesus' act of washing His disciples' feet, a servant's task, elevates the humble act of foot washing to a profound demonstration of loving service and humility, echoing the ancient custom and giving it new spiritual depth.
* [Hebrews 13:2](/hebrews/13-2 "Hebrews 13:2 - The Importance of Hospitality"): This New Testament exhortation to "not forget to show hospitality to strangers, for thereby some have entertained angels unawares," directly reflects the ancient Near Eastern value of hospitality and its potential for divine encounter, much like Joseph's brothers unknowingly receiving hospitality from God's chosen instrument.

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Genesis 43:24, while a historical narrative, offers profound and timeless lessons on the transformative power of hospitality and compassionate service. It challenges us to consider how we extend welcome, especially to those we might perceive as "strangers" or even those who have caused us harm. Joseph's actions, even under the veil of his concealed identity, demonstrate that genuine hospitality goes beyond mere politeness; it involves practical, thoughtful care for the physical and emotional needs of others, including seemingly small details like providing refreshment or caring for their belongings. This scene reminds us that such acts of kindness can disarm fear, build trust, and create an environment conducive to reconciliation and deeper relationship. Just as the brothers were physically and emotionally prepared for their pivotal encounter with Joseph, we too are called to prepare ourselves, both inwardly and outwardly, for significant moments and interactions in life, recognizing that God often works through our acts of service and welcome to bring about His greater purposes in the lives of others and in our own. The unexpected grace shown in this verse sets a powerful precedent for how we, as followers of Christ, are to engage with the world, offering a welcome that reflects the boundless grace we ourselves have received.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **How does Joseph's pre-revelation hospitality challenge my understanding of extending grace to those who may have wronged me?**
* **In what practical ways can I extend comprehensive hospitality, caring for both the obvious and subtle needs of those I welcome into my home or community?**
* **What "preparatory" acts of service or kindness might God be calling me to offer, even before a full understanding or reconciliation is achieved?**

### FAQ
**Why was foot washing such an important act of hospitality in the ancient world?**

Answer: In the ancient Near East, travel was primarily by foot or animal, often across dusty, unpaved roads, and people wore open sandals. Consequently, feet would become extremely dirty and tired. Providing water for foot washing was not merely a courtesy but a practical necessity for comfort, hygiene, and refreshment. It was a fundamental act of welcome, often performed by servants or the host themselves, signifying humility, respect, and a desire to make guests comfortable. This custom is deeply rooted in the culture, as seen in various biblical accounts, including [Abraham's welcome of divine visitors](/genesis/18-4 "Genesis 18:4 - Abraham's Hospitality").

**What does "provender" mean, and why is its inclusion significant?**

Answer: "Provender" (Hebrew: _miçpôwʼ_) refers to fodder or feed for animals, typically livestock like donkeys or camels. Its inclusion in the description of hospitality in [Genesis 43:24](/genesis/43-24 "Genesis 43:24 - Hospitality for Guests and Animals") is highly significant because it demonstrates the completeness and thoroughness of the welcome offered. A truly hospitable host in that culture cared not only for the human guests but also for their means of transport and livelihood. Ensuring the animals were fed and rested was crucial for the travelers' onward journey and highlighted the host's meticulous attention to every aspect of their guests' well-being, reflecting a holistic approach to care.

**Why did Joseph show such elaborate hospitality to his brothers, given their past actions against him?**

Answer: Joseph's elaborate hospitality, even while his identity remained concealed, reveals his profound character and strategic intentions. It was a deliberate act of kindness that went far beyond what was commercially necessary for grain buyers. This act was an integral part of Joseph's larger plan to test his brothers' character, particularly their care for Benjamin, and to bring them to a place of repentance and humility. His actions, while seemingly mysterious to them, were ultimately driven by a deep desire for reconciliation and the restoration of his family, all orchestrated under God's sovereign guidance to fulfill His purposes, as Joseph later explains in [Genesis 45:5-8](/genesis/45-5-8 "Genesis 45:5-8 - God's Providential Plan").

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The unexpected and generous hospitality extended by Joseph to his brothers, despite their grievous past betrayal, serves as a profound and beautiful foreshadowing of the boundless grace and radical welcome offered by Jesus Christ. Just as Joseph provided for his family's immediate physical needs—water for cleansing, food for sustenance, and care for their animals—and meticulously prepared them for a profound revelation and reconciliation, so too does Christ extend an unparalleled invitation to humanity. He provides for our deepest spiritual needs, offering cleansing from sin through His atoning sacrifice ([1 John 1:7](/1_john/1-7 "1 John 1:7 - Cleansing by Christ's Blood")), spiritual nourishment through His Word and Spirit ([John 6:35](/john/6-35 "John 6:35 - Jesus, the Bread of Life")), and rest for our weary souls ([Matthew 11:28-30](/matthew/11-28-30 "Matthew 11:28-30 - Come to Me, All Who Are Weary")). His ultimate act of hospitality on the cross, offering Himself as the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world ([John 1:29](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God")), enables reconciliation with a holy God whom we, like Joseph's brothers, have wronged. Through Christ, we are welcomed into God's eternal house, cleansed, refreshed, and prepared for a glorious and everlasting reunion with our Heavenly Father, fulfilling the ultimate purpose of God's redemptive plan.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Genesis 18:4

Let a little water, I pray you, be fetched, and wash your feet, and rest yourselves under the tree:

Genesis 24:32

And the man came into the house: and he ungirded his camels, and gave straw and provender for the camels, and water to wash his feet, and the men's feet that [were] with him.

Genesis 19:2

And he said, Behold now, my lords, turn in, I pray you, into your servant's house, and tarry all night, and wash your feet, and ye shall rise up early, and go on your ways. And they said, Nay; but we will abide in the street all night.

Luke 7:44

And he turned to the woman, and said unto Simon, Seest thou this woman? I entered into thine house, thou gavest me no water for my feet: but she hath washed my feet with tears, and wiped [them] with the hairs of her head.

John 13:4

He riseth from supper, and laid aside his garments; and took a towel, and girded himself.

John 13:17

If ye know these things, happy are ye if ye do them.