TRV
Translation
King James Version
And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.
Complete Jewish Bible
With the one lamb offer two quarts of finely ground flour mixed with one quart of oil from pressed olives; along with one quart of wine as a drink offering.
Berean Standard Bible
With the first lamb offer a tenth of an ephah of fine flour, mixed with a quarter hin of oil from pressed olives, and a drink offering of a quarter hin of wine.
American Standard Version
and with the one lamb a tenth part of an ephah of fine flour mingled with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink-offering.
World English Bible Messianic
and with the one lamb a tenth part of an efah of fine flour mixed with the fourth part of a hin of beaten oil, and the fourth part of a hin of wine for a drink offering.
Geneva Bible (1599)
And with the one lambe, a tenth part of fine floure mingled with the fourth part of an Hin of beaten oyle, and the fourth part of an Hin of wine, for a drinke offring.
Young's Literal Translation
and a tenth deal of fine flour, mixed with beaten oil, a fourth part of a hin, and a libation, a fourth part of a hin, of wine, is for the one lamb.
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In the KJVVerse 2,377 of 31,102
Study This Verse
Commentary on Exodus 29 verses 38–46
38 ¶ Now this is that which thou shalt offer upon the altar; two lambs of the first year day by day continually.
39 The one lamb thou shalt offer in the morning; and the other lamb thou shalt offer at even:
40 And with the one lamb a tenth deal of flour mingled with the fourth part of an hin of beaten oil; and the fourth part of an hin of wine for a drink offering.
41 And the other lamb thou shalt offer at even, and shalt do thereto according to the meat offering of the morning, and according to the drink offering thereof, for a sweet savour, an offering made by fire unto the LORD.
42 This shall be a continual burnt offering throughout your generations at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation before the LORD: where I will meet you, to speak there unto thee.
43 And there I will meet with the children of Israel, and the tabernacle shall be sanctified by my glory.
44 And I will sanctify the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar: I will sanctify also both Aaron and his sons, to minister to me in the priest's office.
45 And I will dwell among the children of Israel, and will be their God.
46 And they shall know that I am the LORD their God, that brought them forth out of the land of Egypt, that I may dwell among them: I am the LORD their God.
In this paragraph we have,
I. The daily service appointed. A lamb was to be offered upon the altar every morning, and a lamb every evening, each with a meat-offering, both made by fire, as a continual burnt-offering throughout their generations, Exo 29:38-41. Whether there were any other sacrifices to be offered or not, these were sure to be offered, at the public charge, for the benefit and comfort of all Israel, to make atonement for their daily sins, and to be an acknowledgement to God of their daily mercies. This was that which the duty of every day required. The taking away of this daily sacrifice by Antiochus, for so many evenings and mornings, was that great calamity of the church which was foretold, Dan 8:11. Note, 1. This typified the continual intercession which Christ ever lives to make, in virtue of his satisfaction, for the continual sanctification of his church: though he offered himself once for all, yet that one offering thus becomes a continual offering. 2. This teaches us to offer up to God the spiritual sacrifices of prayer and praise every day, morning and evening, in humble acknowledgement of our dependence upon him and our obligations to him. Our daily devotions must be looked upon as the most needful of our daily works and the most pleasant of our daily comforts. Whatever business we have, this must never be omitted, either morning or evening; prayer-time must be kept up as duly as meat-time. The daily sacrifices were as the daily meals in God's house, and therefore they were always attended with bread and wine. Those starve their own souls that keep not up a constant attendance on the throne of grace.
II. Great and precious promises made of God's favour to Israel, and the tokens of his special presence with them, while they thus kept up his institutions among them. He speaks as one well pleased with the appointment of the daily sacrifice; for, before he proceeds to the other appointments that follow, he interposes these promises. It is constancy in religion that brings in the comfort of it. He promises, 1. That he would keep up communion with them; that he would not only meet Moses, and speak to him, but that he would meet the children of Israel, (Exo 29:43), to accept the daily sacrifices offered up on their behalf. Note, God will not fail to give those the meeting who diligently and conscientiously attend upon him in the ordinances of his own appointment. 2. That he would own his own institutions, the tabernacle, the altar, the priesthood (Exo 29:43, Exo 29:44); he would take possession of that which was consecrated to him. Note, What is sanctified to the glory of God shall be sanctified by his glory. If we do our part, God will do his, and will mark and fit that for himself which is in sincerity given up to him. 3. That he would reside among them as God in covenant with them, and would give them sure and comfortable tokens of his peculiar favour to them, and his special presence with them (Exo 29:45, Exo 29:46): I will dwell among the children of Israel. Note, Where God sets up the tabernacle of his ordinances he will himself dwell. Lo, I am with you always, Mat 28:20. Those that abide in God's house shall have God to abide with them. I will be their God, and they shall know that I am so. Note, Those are truly happy that have a covenant-interest in God as theirs and the comfortable evidence of that interest. If we have this, we have enough, and need no more to make us happy.
Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verses 38–46. Public domain.
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Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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SUMMARY
Exodus 29:40 meticulously details the precise accompanying grain and drink offerings required for each daily lamb sacrifice, underscoring the comprehensive and exacting nature of the worship God mandated for the consecration of the priesthood and the perpetual sacrificial system of the Tabernacle. This verse highlights the divine expectation for Israel to present not only animal life but also the finest produce of the land, symbolizing a holistic dedication and an acknowledgment of God's sovereign provision within their covenant relationship.
CONTEXT
Literary Context: This verse is an integral component of God's elaborate instructions to Moses concerning the ordination of Aaron and his sons as priests and the establishment of the daily sacrificial system for the Tabernacle. The preceding verses, specifically Exodus 29:38-39, command the offering of two lambs daily—one in the morning and one in the evening—as a "continual burnt offering" (olah tamid). Verse 40 then specifies the essential supplements for these lamb offerings: a grain offering (flour mingled with oil) and a drink offering (wine). These additional elements were not optional but mandatory components, ensuring the completeness of the daily act of atonement, worship, and communion with God. The entire chapter, Exodus 29, lays the foundational liturgical framework for Israel, emphasizing the necessity of a divinely prescribed order for approaching a holy God.
Historical & Cultural Context: The instructions in Exodus 29 were delivered to Moses at Mount Sinai, preparing the Israelites for their journey through the wilderness and the establishment of their unique worship practices. While animal sacrifices were common in ancient Near Eastern religions, Israel's system was distinct due to its singular focus on Yahweh, its emphasis on holiness, and its direct divine origin. The specific measurements ("tenth deal" and "hin") were standard units of volume in ancient Israel, indicating the precise and non-negotiable nature of God's commands. The use of "beaten oil" (high-quality olive oil) and wine for drink offerings reflects the offering of the best of the land's produce, signifying purity, devotion, and the giving of one's finest resources to the Lord. These offerings were crucial for maintaining ritual purity and covenant fidelity within the community, serving as a constant reminder of God's presence among His people and their dependence on His grace and provision, as further detailed in later regulations such as those found in Numbers 28.
Key Themes: Exodus 29:40 contributes significantly to several key themes within the broader book of Exodus and the Pentateuch. It reinforces the theme of Divine Prescription and Order, demonstrating that access to God and acceptable worship are not left to human discretion but are meticulously defined by God Himself. The inclusion of grain and drink offerings alongside the animal sacrifice highlights the theme of Holistic Worship, emphasizing that devotion involves not only atonement for sin but also the dedication of one's material blessings and life itself. Furthermore, the daily, perpetual nature of these offerings underscores the theme of Covenant Maintenance and Sustained Relationship, signifying a continuous state of communion and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and provision. This verse also implicitly speaks to the theme of God's Provision and Israel's Dependence, as the offerings derive from the land God provides, offered back to Him in gratitude and recognition of His ultimate ownership.
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
Exodus 29:40 masterfully employs Metonymy and Symbolism to convey profound theological truths. The specific measurements and ingredients—flour, oil, and wine—are not merely literal components but stand metonymically for the entirety of Israel's agricultural produce and, by extension, their livelihood, prosperity, and indeed, their very lives. Offering these elements signifies the dedication of their entire existence and absolute dependence on God's provision. Furthermore, each component is rich in Symbolism: the lamb symbolizes atonement and substitutionary sacrifice; the flour and oil symbolize sustenance, the fruit of labor, and the dedication of material blessings; and the wine, as a drink offering, symbolizes joy, covenant, and the pouring out of life in devotion. The meticulous detail in the divine instructions itself serves as a Symbol of God's holiness, order, and the absolute necessity of approaching Him on His terms, reflecting His precise and perfect nature.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Exodus 29:40, by detailing the precise accompanying offerings for the daily lamb, profoundly underscores the theological principle of holistic worship and the comprehensive nature of God's covenant demands. It teaches that true devotion involves not only atonement for sin but also the offering of one's resources, labor, and very life to God. The precision of the measurements and the quality of the ingredients (beaten oil, wine) emphasize the requirement for excellence, intentionality, and unreserved commitment in approaching the divine. This daily ritual maintained a perpetual state of communion and acknowledgment of God's sovereignty and provision, signifying a sustained relationship between God and His people, where every aspect of life was to be consecrated to Him. This passage also foreshadows the complete and perfect offering that would one day fulfill these types.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
While the Old Testament sacrificial system, including the specific requirements of Exodus 29:40, has been fulfilled in Christ, the underlying principles of worship, intentionality, and holistic dedication remain profoundly relevant for believers today. This verse challenges us to consider the quality and comprehensiveness of our own spiritual offerings. Are we giving God our "beaten oil" – our best, purest efforts, resources, and time – or merely what is convenient or leftover? The daily nature of these ancient offerings encourages a consistent, disciplined walk with God, reminding us that our relationship with Him is not a sporadic event but a continuous journey of communion and obedience. It calls us to offer our entire lives as "living sacrifices" (Romans 12:1), integrating our faith into every aspect of our existence, from our daily work to our financial stewardship, our relationships, and our private moments of prayer and study. Our worship should be intentional, consistent, and holistic, reflecting a deep reverence for God's holiness and a grateful response to His boundless grace.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
What was the purpose of these additional offerings (flour, oil, wine) alongside the lamb sacrifice?
Answer: The additional offerings specified in Exodus 29:40 served multiple crucial purposes. While the lamb provided atonement for sin through its blood, the flour (grain offering), oil, and wine (drink offering) completed the act of worship by symbolizing the dedication of the worshiper's life and the fruit of the land to God. They represented God's provision and the Israelite's grateful response, acknowledging His sovereignty over their sustenance and prosperity. These elements also added a dimension of thanksgiving, praise, and communion, transforming the sacrifice into a more comprehensive act of devotion. The precision in their quantities underscored the meticulousness required in approaching a holy God, emphasizing that worship was to be intentional, complete, and offered according to divine prescription, not human preference. These were not optional additions but integral components for a full and acceptable offering before the Lord.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Exodus 29:40, with its precise instructions for the accompanying grain and drink offerings, points profoundly to the all-sufficiency and comprehensive nature of Christ's perfect sacrifice. While the Old Testament system required a continual stream of offerings—lambs for atonement, flour and oil for sustenance, and wine for devotion—Jesus Christ fulfills all these types in His single, perfect offering. He is the ultimate Lamb of God whose blood atones for sin once and for all, rendering the daily animal sacrifices obsolete (Hebrews 9:12). Furthermore, Christ is the Bread of Life, symbolizing the spiritual sustenance and nourishment that the grain offering anticipated. He provides true spiritual food and drink, enabling eternal life. The "beaten oil" and "wine" of the drink offering, symbolizing purity and the pouring out of life in devotion, find their ultimate expression in Christ's perfect obedience and His complete self-giving on the cross, where He poured out His life as a fragrant offering and sacrifice to God (Ephesians 5:2). Thus, in Christ, we find not just atonement, but also the fulfillment of all our spiritual needs and the perfect example of holistic devotion, making our worship in Him a complete and acceptable offering to God (Romans 12:1).