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Public-domain commentary
Matthew Henry
From his Commentary on the Whole Bible. Henry comments on passages, not single verses — this entry covers Colossians 4:7–18. His two-level outline is real structure in the source text, so it is rendered as structure.
In the close of this epistle the apostle does several of his friends the honour to leave their names upon record, with some testimony of his respect, which will be spoken of wherever the gospel comes, and last to the end of the world.
I.Concerning Tychicus, Col 4:7.
By him this epistle was sent; and he does not give them an account in writing of his present state, because Tychicus would do it by word of mouth more fully and particularly. He knew they would be glad to hear how it fared with him. The churches cannot but be concerned for good ministers and desirous to know their state. He gives him this character, A beloved brother and faithful minister. Paul, though a great apostle, owns a faithful minister for a brother and a beloved brother. Faithfulness in any one is truly lovely, and renders him worthy our affection and esteem. And a fellow-servant in the Lord. Ministers are servants to Christ, and fellow-servants to one another. They have one Lord, though they have different stations and capacities of service. Observe, It adds much to the beauty and strength of the gospel ministry when ministers are thus loving and condescending one to another, and by all just means support and advance one another's reputation. Paul sent him not only to tell them of his affairs, but to bring him an account of theirs: Whom I have sent unto you for the same purpose, that he might know your estate, and comfort your hearts, Col 4:8. He was willing to hear from them as they could be to hear from him, and thought himself as much obliged to sympathize with them as he thought them obliged to sympathize with him. It is a great comfort, under the troubles and difficulties of life, to have the mutual concern of fellow-christians.
II.Concerning Onesimus (Col 4:9):
With Onesimus, a faithful and beloved brother, who is one of you. He was sent back from Rome along with Tychicus. This was he whom Paul had begotten in his bonds, Plm 1:10. He had been servant to Philemon, and was a member, if not a minister, of their church. He was converted at Rome, whither he had fled from his master's service; and was now sent back, it is probable, with the epistle to Philemon, to introduce him again into his master's family. Observe, Though he was a poor servant, and had been a bad man, yet, being now a convert, Paul calls him a faithful and beloved brother. The meanest circumstance of life, and greatest wickedness of former life, make no difference in the spiritual relation among sincere Christians: they partake of the same privileges, and are entitles to the same regards. The righteousness of God by faith of Jesus Christ is unto all and upon all those that believe; for there is no difference (Rom 3:22): and there is neither Jew nor Greek, neither bond nor free, for you are all one in Christ Jesus, Gal 3:28. Perhaps this was some time after he was converted and sent back to Philemon, and by this time he had entered into the ministry, because Paul calls him a brother.
III.Aristarchus, a fellow-prisoner.
Those who join in services and sufferings should be thereby engaged to one another in holy love. Paul had a particular affection for his fellow-servants and his fellow-prisoners.
IV.Marcus, sister's son to Barnabas.
This is supposed to be the same who wrote the gospel which bears his name. If he come unto you receive him. Paul had a quarrel with Barnabas upon the account of this Mark, who was his nephew, and thought not good to take him with them, because he departed from them from Pamphylia, and went not with them to the work, Act 15:38. He would not take Mark with him, but took Silas, because Mark had deserted them; and yet Paul is not only reconciled to him himself, but recommends him to the respect of the churches, and gives a great example of a truly Christian forgiving spirit. If men have been guilty of a fault, it must not be always remembered against them. We must forget as well as forgive. If a man be overtaken in a fault, you who are spiritual restore such a one in the spirit of meekness, Gal 6:1.
V.Here is one who is called Jesus, which is the Greek name for the Hebrew Joshua.
If Jesus had given them rest, then would he not afterwards have spoken of another day, Heb 4:8. Who is called Justus. It is probable that he changed his name for that of Justus, in honour to the name of the Redeemer. Or else Jesus was his Jewish name, for he was of the circumcision; and Justus his Roman or Latin name. These are my fellow-labourers unto the kingdom of God, who have been a comfort unto me. Observe, What comfort the apostle had in the communion of saints and ministers! One is his fellow-servant, another his fellow-prisoner, and all his fellow-workers, who were working out their own salvation and endeavouring to promote the salvation of others. Good ministers take great comfort in those who are their fellow-workers unto the kingdom of God. Their friendship and converse together are a great refreshment under the sufferings and difficulties in their way.
VI.Epaphras (Col 4:12), the same with Epaphroditus.
He is one of you, one of your church; he salutes you, or sends his service to you, and his best affections and wishes. Always labouring fervently for you in prayers. Epaphras had learned of Paul to be much in prayer for his friends. Observe,
1.In what manner he prayed for them. He laboured in prayer, laboured fervently, and always laboured fervently for them. Those who would succeed in prayer must take pains in prayer; and we must be earnest in prayer, not only for ourselves, but for others also. It is the effectual fervent prayer which is the prevailing prayer, and availeth much (Jam 5:16), and Elias prayed earnestly that it might not rain, Col 4:17.
2.What is the matter of this prayer: That you may stand perfect and complete in all the will of God. Observe, To stand perfect and complete in the will of God is what we should earnestly desire both for ourselves and others. We must stand complete in all the will of God; in the will of his precepts by a universal obedience, and in the will of his providence by a cheerful submission to it: and we stand perfect and complete in both by constancy and perseverance unto the end. The apostle was witness for Epaphras that he had a great zeal for them: "I bear him record; I can testify for him that he has a great concern for you, and that all he does for you proceeds from a warm desire for your good." And his zeal extended to all about them: to those who are in Laodicea and Hierapolis. He had a great concern for the Christian interest in the neighbouring places, as well as among them.
VII.Luke is another here mentioned, whom he calls the beloved physician.
This is he who wrote the Gospel and Acts, and was Paul's companion. Observe, He was both a physician and an evangelist. Christ himself both taught and healed, and was the great physician as well as prophet of the church. He was the beloved physician; one who recommended himself more than ordinary to the affections of his friends. Skill in physic is a useful accomplishment in a minister and may be improved to more extensive usefulness and greater esteem among Christians.
VIII.Demas.
Whether this was written before the second epistle to Timothy or after is not certain. There we read (Ti2 4:10), Demas hath forsaken me, having loved this present world. Some have thought that this epistle was written after; and then it is an evidence that, though Demas forsook Paul, yet he did not forsake Christ; or he forsook him but for a time, and recovered himself again, and Paul forgave him and owned him as a brother. But others think more probably that this epistle was written before the other; this in anno 62, that in 66, and then it is an evidence how considerable a man Demas was, who yet afterwards revolted. Many who have made a great figure in profession, and gained a great name among Christians, have yet shamefully apostatized: They went forth from us, because they were not of us, Jo1 2:19.
IX.The brethren in Laodicea are here mentioned, as living in the neighbourhood of Colosse:
and Paul sends salutations to them, and orders that this epistle should be read in the church of the Laodiceans (Col 4:16), that a copy of it should be sent thither, to be read publicly in their congregation. And some think Paul sent another epistle at this time to Laodicea, and ordered them to send for that from Laodicea, and read it in their church: And that you likewise read the epistle from Laodicea. If so, that epistle is now lost, and did not belong to the canon; for all the epistles which the apostles ever wrote were not preserved, any more than the words and actions of our blessed Lord. There are many other things which Jesus did, which if they should be written every one, I suppose the world itself could not contain the books which would be written, Joh 21:25. But some think it was the epistle to the Ephesians, which is still extant.
X.Nymphas is mentioned (Col 4:15) as one who lived at Colosse, and had a church in his house; that is, either a religious family, where the several parts of worship were daily performed; or some part of the congregation met there, when they had no public places of worship allowed, and they were forced to assemble in private houses for fear of their enemies. The disciples were assembled for fear of the Jews (Joh 20:19), and the apostle preached in his own lodging and hired house, Act 28:23, Act 28:30. In the former sense it showed his exemplary piety; in the latter his zeal and public spirit.
XI.Concerning Archippus, who was one of their ministers at Colosse.
They are bidden to admonish him to mind his work as a minister, to take heed to it, and to fulfil it - to be diligent and careful of all the parts of it, and to persevere in it unto the end. They must attend to the main design of their ministry, without troubling themselves or the people with things foreign to it, or of less moment. Observe, (1.) The ministry we have received is a great honour; for it is received in the Lord, and is by his appointment and command. (2.) Those who have received it must fulfil it, or do the full duty of it. Those betray their trust, and will have a sad account at last, who do this work of the Lord negligently. (3.) The people may put their ministers in mind of their duty, and excite them to it: Say to Archippus, Take heed to the ministry, though no doubt with decency and respect, not from pride and conceit.
XII.Concerning himself (Col 4:18):
The salutation of me Paul. Remember my bonds. He had a scribe to write all the rest of the epistle, but these words he wrote with his own hand: Remember my bonds. He does not say, "Remember I am a prisoner, and send me supply;" but, "Remember I am in bonds as the apostle of the Gentiles, and let this confirm your faith in the gospel of Christ:" it adds weight to this exhortation: I therefore, the prisoner of the Lord, beseech you to walk worthy, Eph 4:1. "Grace be with you. The favour of God, and all good, the blessed fruits and effects of it, be with you, and be your portion."
Historical interpretation
Historical Reception
One surviving comment on this verse from the historical church.
"And say to Archippus, Take heed to the ministry which thou hast received in the Lord, that thou fulfill it." Wherefore doth he not write to him? Perhaps he needed it not, but only a bare reminding, so as to be more diligent.
"And say to Archippus, Take heed to the ministry which thou hast received in the Lord." His chief aim is to subject them to him entirely. For they could no more have complaint against him for rebuking them, when they themselves had taken it all upon them; for it is not reasonable to talk to the disciples about the teacher. But to stop their mouths, he writes thus to them; "Say to Archippus," he saith, "Take heed." This word is everywhere used to alarm; as when he saith, "Take heed of dogs." (Phil. iii. 2.) "Take heed lest there shall be any one that maketh spoil of you." (Col. ii. 8) "Take heed lest by any means this liberty of yours become a stumblingblock to the weak." (1 Cor. viii. 9) And he always so expresses himself when he would terrify. "Take heed," he saith, "to the ministry which thou hast received in the Lord, that thou fulfill it." He doth not even allow him the power of choosing, as he saith himself, "For if I do this of mine own will, I have a reward: but if not of mine own will, I have a stewardship entrusted to me." (1 Cor. ix. 17) "That thou fulfill it," continually using diligence. "Which thou hast received in the Lord, that thou fulfill it." Again, the word "in" means "through the Lord." He gave it thee, says he, not we. He subjects them also to him, when he shows that they had been committed to his hands by God.
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Summary
Colossians 4:17 delivers a direct and public exhortation from the Apostle Paul to Archippus, urging him to be diligent and faithful in the specific ministry he has been entrusted with by the Lord. This verse serves as a timeless reminder of the sacred responsibility associated with Christian service, emphasizing the divine origin of one's calling and the imperative to fully accomplish the work given by God. It underscores the importance of vigilance, perseverance, and accountability within the body of Christ for those engaged in spiritual leadership and service.
Context
Literary Context
Colossians 4:17 is situated within the concluding remarks and personal greetings of Paul's letter to the Colossians. Following a robust theological exposition on the supremacy and sufficiency of Christ (chapters 1-2) and practical exhortations for Christian living (chapter 3 and early chapter 4), Paul transitions to personal greetings, commendations, and specific instructions. This particular verse is a direct, public charge, delivered through the church, indicating the importance of Archippus's role and the necessity of his faithful execution of duties. It follows instructions for prayer and wise conduct toward outsiders, and precedes a series of greetings from Paul's companions and his final salutation. The public nature of this address suggests a communal responsibility in upholding and encouraging those in ministry.
Historical & Cultural Context
The letter to the Colossians was written by Paul during his imprisonment, likely in Rome (c. A.D. 60-62). The church in Colossae faced various philosophical and religious challenges, including Gnostic-like tendencies, asceticism, and angel worship, which diminished the unique position of Christ. In this context, faithful leadership was crucial for maintaining doctrinal purity and spiritual vitality. Archippus is also mentioned in Philemon 1:2, where he is addressed alongside Philemon and Apphia as a "fellow soldier," suggesting he was a significant figure in the church, possibly a leader or minister, perhaps even within Philemon's household, which may have hosted the church. The public nature of Paul's instruction in Colossians implies a known role and a need for communal encouragement or gentle admonition regarding his responsibilities.
Key Themes
This verse contributes to several overarching themes in Colossians and Paul's broader theology. It highlights the theme of Christian Stewardship and Responsibility, emphasizing that believers, especially those in leadership, are entrusted with divine tasks. The phrase "received in the Lord" underscores the theme of Divine Calling and Empowerment, indicating that ministry is not self-appointed but divinely ordained and enabled. The imperative "that thou fulfil it" speaks to the theme of Faithfulness and Perseverance in Service, echoing Paul's own commitment to finishing his race. Furthermore, the public nature of the instruction points to the theme of Mutual Accountability within the Church, where the community plays a role in supporting and encouraging its leaders to remain true to their commitments, as seen in Paul's instructions for the church to admonish the idle.
Exposition and Analysis
Key Word Analysis
This term, from which we derive "deacon," broadly refers to "attendance (as a servant, etc.); figuratively (eleemosynary) aid, (official) service." In this context, it signifies a specific spiritual responsibility or leadership role within the church, encompassing any form of Christian service undertaken for the benefit of others and the glory of God. It emphasizes service rather than status.
Meaning "to receive near, i.e., associate with oneself... to assume an office; figuratively, to learn." This verb implies that Archippus's ministry was not something he initiated or earned, but rather it was given to him, likely by the Lord through the recognition and affirmation of the church. This highlights the divine origin and entrustment of his calling, similar to how spiritual gifts are received by grace.
This verb means "to make replete, i.e., to cram (a net), level up (a hollow), or (figuratively) to furnish... satisfy, execute (an office), finish (a period or task), verify." In this context, it is an imperative to bring the ministry to its intended goal, to complete it fully and effectively, not merely to start it but to see it through to completion with excellence and faithfulness.
Verse Breakdown
"And say to Archippus,"
This opening phrase indicates a direct, public, and perhaps urgent instruction. Paul is not merely sending a private message but is instructing the entire Colossian church to deliver this charge to Archippus, suggesting a communal interest and responsibility in his faithfulness.
"Take heed to the ministry"
This is a strong imperative, urging vigilance, careful consideration, and diligent attention. It calls Archippus to be watchful over his responsibilities, to guard them, and to execute them with seriousness and dedication. The "ministry" refers to the specific service or office he has been given.
"which thou hast received in the Lord,"
This clause emphasizes the divine origin and sacred nature of Archippus's calling. His ministry is not a human endeavor or a self-appointed task, but a divine assignment, given "in the Lord," meaning it is rooted in Christ, empowered by Him, and for His purposes.
"that thou fulfil it."
This final imperative states the desired outcome: the complete and faithful execution of the ministry. It is not enough to have received a calling; one must bring it to its intended completion, demonstrating perseverance, diligence, and obedience to the divine entrustment.
Literary Devices
The verse primarily employs Direct Address and Imperative Mood. Paul directly addresses Archippus through the church, making the instruction personal yet publicly accountable. The use of imperative verbs like "say," "take heed," and "fulfil" conveys a strong sense of command and urgency, underscoring the importance of the message. The phrase "in the Lord" functions as a form of Theological Grounding, rooting Archippus's ministry in divine authority and purpose, elevating it beyond a mere human task. The entire verse serves as a concise Exhortation, a form of pastoral encouragement and challenge, aimed at promoting faithfulness and diligence in Christian service.
Theological and Thematic Connections
Colossians 4:17 underscores the profound theological truth that all Christian service, especially leadership, is a divine entrustment, not a human ambition. It highlights the sacred nature of ministry, emphasizing that it is "received in the Lord," meaning it originates from Him, is empowered by Him, and is ultimately for His glory. This perspective transforms service from a burdensome duty into a privileged act of worship and obedience. The call to "fulfil" one's ministry speaks to the necessity of perseverance and faithfulness, recognizing that God equips those He calls and expects them to complete the work He has assigned. This aligns with the broader biblical teaching on stewardship, where believers are seen as managers of God's resources and callings, accountable for their diligent use.
Reflection and Application
Colossians 4:17 serves as a powerful and enduring challenge for every believer, whether in formal leadership or engaged in any form of service within the body of Christ or the world. It compels us to reflect on the nature of our own "ministry"—the unique calling, gifts, and opportunities God has entrusted to us. Are we taking heed, diligently attending to the responsibilities God has placed before us? Do we recognize that our service is "in the Lord," deriving its purpose and power from Him, rather than from our own strength or ambition? The imperative to "fulfil it" calls us to perseverance, to see our tasks through to completion with faithfulness, even when faced with challenges or discouragement. This verse reminds us that our work for the Lord is not trivial; it is a sacred trust for which we are accountable, not only to God but also, in a healthy church context, to our fellow believers who can encourage and support us in our journey of service.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Who was Archippus, and why was Paul addressing him publicly in this way?
Archippus was a Christian leader or minister, likely in the church at Colossae or the nearby city of Laodicea. He is also mentioned in Philemon 1:2 as a "fellow soldier" alongside Philemon and Apphia, suggesting a close association with their household, which may have hosted a house church. Paul's public address to Archippus through the Colossian church was not necessarily a rebuke, but a public exhortation. It served to underscore the importance of his specific "ministry" (service or office) and to encourage him to be diligent and faithful in completing it. This public charge also served to remind the entire congregation of their role in supporting and encouraging their leaders, and the shared responsibility of all believers to fulfill their God-given callings. It was a pastoral act, designed to strengthen Archippus and the church.
Christ-Centered Fulfillment
Colossians 4:17, though a direct charge to an individual, finds its ultimate fulfillment and deepest meaning in Christ. Jesus Himself is the supreme example of one who "received" a ministry from the Father and "fulfilled" it completely. His entire life was a ministry of service, culminating in His redemptive work on the cross, as He declared, "It is finished!" (John 19:30). He came not to be served, but "to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many" (Mark 10:45). Every Christian's ministry, like Archippus's, is a participation in Christ's ongoing work in the world, empowered by His Spirit, and directed by His will. We are called to "take heed" to the ministry we have received, knowing that it is "in the Lord"—originating from Him, sustained by His power, and performed for His glory. Our faithfulness in fulfilling our individual callings reflects the faithfulness of Christ and contributes to the building up of His body, the Church, until we "all reach unity in the faith and in the knowledge of the Son of God and become mature, attaining to the whole measure of the fullness of Christ" (Ephesians 4:13). Thus, Archippus's charge is a microcosm of the greater call for all believers to live out their Christ-given purpose, mirroring the perfect service of the Savior.