2 Chronicles 29:17

KJV

Now they began on the first [day] of the first month to sanctify, and on the eighth day of the month came they to the porch of the LORD: so they sanctified the house of the LORD in eight days; and in the sixteenth day of the first month they made an end.

KJV (with Strong's)

Now they began {H2490} on the first {H259} day of the first {H7223} month {H2320} to sanctify {H6942}, and on the eighth {H8083} day {H3117} of the month {H2320} came {H935} they to the porch {H197} of the LORD {H3068}: so they sanctified {H6942} the house {H1004} of the LORD {H3068} in eight {H8083} days {H3117}; and in the sixteenth {H8337}{H6240} day of the first {H7223} month {H2320} they made an end {H3615}.

Complete Jewish Bible

They began consecrating on the first day of the first month, and on the eighth day of the month they reached the vestibule of ADONAI. Then they consecrated the house of ADONAI in eight more days; so that on the sixteenth day of the first month, they had finished.

Berean Standard Bible

They began the consecration on the first day of the first month, and on the eighth day of the month they reached the portico of the LORD. For eight more days they consecrated the house of the LORD itself, finishing on the sixteenth day of the first month.

American Standard Version

Now they began on the first day of the first month to sanctify, and on the eighth day of the month came they to the porch of Jehovah; and they sanctified the house of Jehovah in eight days: and on the sixteenth day of the first month they made an end.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
2 Chronicles 29:17 meticulously chronicles the dedicated and systematic purification of the Temple in Jerusalem during the early reign of King Hezekiah. This pivotal verse details the precise sixteen-day timeline undertaken by the Levites, beginning on the first day of the first month, culminating in the complete sanctification of the sacred space, thereby preparing it for the restoration of proper worship and covenant fidelity after the widespread idolatry of the preceding era.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** This verse is deeply embedded within the narrative of King Hezekiah's immediate and radical religious reforms upon ascending the throne of Judah. The preceding verses (2 Chronicles 29:3-5) establish Hezekiah's proactive leadership, highlighting his command to the Levites to cleanse themselves and the defiled Temple. Verse 17 specifically details the execution of this command, providing a precise chronological account of the purification process. It sets the stage for the subsequent re-inauguration of Temple worship, including the sacrifices and musical praise described in the latter half of the chapter (2 Chronicles 29:20-36), demonstrating the thoroughness required before God's presence could be properly honored.
* **Historical & Cultural Context:** King Hezekiah inherited a nation steeped in idolatry and spiritual apostasy under his father, King Ahaz, who had not only closed the doors of the Temple but also erected altars to foreign gods throughout Jerusalem (2 Chronicles 28:24). Hezekiah's actions in 2 Chronicles 29 mark a dramatic reversal, demonstrating his commitment to the Mosaic covenant and the exclusive worship of Yahweh. The "first month" refers to Nisan (Abib), which was significant as the month of Passover and unleavened bread, symbolizing new beginnings and redemption. The meticulous cleansing of the Temple, the central place of worship, was not merely a physical cleaning but a ceremonial purification, essential for restoring the nation's relationship with God according to Levitical law and ensuring the Temple was fit for divine presence and sacrificial atonement.
* **Key Themes:** 2 Chronicles 29:17 contributes significantly to several overarching themes within the book of Chronicles and the broader biblical narrative. Firstly, it underscores the theme of **Diligent Restoration**, showcasing the methodical and thorough nature of spiritual renewal, emphasizing that returning to God requires intentional, sustained effort. Secondly, the act of "sanctifying" highlights the paramount importance of **Holiness and Purity** in approaching God, a concept foundational to the Old Covenant and repeatedly emphasized in the Law (e.g., [Leviticus 11:44](/leviticus/11-44 "Leviticus 11:44 - Be Holy, for I Am Holy")). Thirdly, the precise timeline demonstrates **Divine Timing and Order**, suggesting that God's work, even through human agents, unfolds according to a meticulous plan. Finally, Hezekiah's initiative and the Levites' obedience exemplify **Faithful Leadership and Corporate Obedience**, illustrating how righteous leadership can inspire a community's return to covenant faithfulness, contrasting sharply with the apostasy under [King Ahaz](/2_chronicles/28 "2 Chronicles 28 - The Reign of Ahaz").

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
#### Key Word Analysis
* **Sanctify (Hebrew, _qadash_):** This verb, appearing twice in the verse, means "to set apart," "to make holy," or "to consecrate." It signifies more than mere physical cleaning; it implies a ceremonial and spiritual purification that renders something fit for divine service or presence. In the context of the Temple, it meant removing all defilement from idolatrous practices and restoring its consecrated status as the exclusive dwelling place for the LORD's glory, making it ritually pure for worship.
* **Porch (Hebrew, _'ulam_):** Referring to the vestibule or entrance hall of the Temple, this architectural term denotes a specific, significant area. Its mention on the eighth day indicates a progression in the cleansing process, moving from the outer courts and surrounding areas inward, reaching the very threshold of the main sanctuary. This detail highlights the systematic and thorough nature of the Levites' work, meticulously addressing each part of the sacred structure.
* **Made an end (Hebrew, _kalah_):** This verb signifies "to finish," "to complete," or "to bring to an end." Its use here emphasizes the thoroughness and finality of the cleansing process. The Levites did not merely begin the work; they brought it to a full and complete conclusion, ensuring no part of the Temple remained defiled, thus preparing it entirely for the re-establishment of worship.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"Now they began on the first [day] of the first month to sanctify":** This clause highlights the immediate and decisive action taken by the Levites, under Hezekiah's direction. The "first day of the first month" (Nisan) is significant, symbolizing a new beginning, a fresh start, and an immediate commitment to spiritual restoration, aligning with the timing of Passover and national renewal.
* **"and on the eighth day of the month came they to the porch of the LORD":** This detail marks a significant milestone in the purification process. After seven days of cleansing the outer courts and perhaps the surrounding areas, the Levites reached the 'ulam, the entrance to the main sanctuary. This indicates a methodical progression from the periphery to the core of the Temple structure.
* **"so they sanctified the house of the LORD in eight days":** This refers specifically to the internal purification of the main Temple building itself, from the porch inward to the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place. This phase of intense, focused cleansing took another eight days, demonstrating the depth of defilement and the rigor required for its removal.
* **"and in the sixteenth day of the first month they made an end.":** This final clause provides the total duration of the entire Temple cleansing operation. From the first day to the sixteenth day, the Levites completed the comprehensive purification, ensuring that every part of the sacred edifice was restored to a state of holiness and readiness for the re-establishment of covenant worship.

#### Literary Devices
The verse primarily employs **Chronological Detail** to emphasize the methodical and precise nature of the Temple cleansing. The specific dates—the first day, the eighth day, and the sixteenth day of the first month—underscore the diligence and orderliness of the Levites' work. This precise temporal framing lends credibility and weight to the narrative, highlighting the deliberate and unhurried commitment to spiritual restoration. Furthermore, the **Repetition** of the verb "sanctify" (or its derivatives) reinforces the central theme of purification and consecration, underscoring that the primary goal was not just cleaning but making the Temple holy for God's exclusive use. The narrative also employs **Narrative Progression**, moving from the initial start to a significant milestone (reaching the porch) and finally to complete cessation, building a sense of thoroughness and accomplishment.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
The meticulous cleansing of the Temple in 2 Chronicles 29:17 serves as a profound theological statement about the nature of God and humanity's relationship with Him. It reiterates that a holy God demands a holy dwelling place and a holy people to approach Him. The defilement of the Temple under Ahaz symbolized the spiritual corruption of the nation, and its purification under Hezekiah represented a national turning back to God, a corporate repentance. This act of sanctification was essential for re-establishing the sacrificial system and the covenant relationship, reminding Israel that access to God's presence required ritual purity and spiritual dedication. It foreshadows the ultimate need for a more profound, internal cleansing that goes beyond physical structures.

* [Leviticus 16:16](/leviticus/16-16 "Leviticus 16:16 - Atonement for the Sanctuary")
* [Hebrews 9:14](/hebrews/9-14 "Hebrews 9:14 - Cleansing by Christ's Blood")
* [1 Corinthians 3:16-17](/1_corinthians/3-16 "1 Corinthians 3:16-17 - You Are God's Temple")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
The detailed account of the Temple's cleansing in 2 Chronicles 29:17 offers timeless principles for personal and communal spiritual life. Just as the physical Temple, once defiled, required diligent and systematic purification to be fit for God's presence, so too do our lives and our church communities periodically require spiritual cleansing and dedication. This passage calls believers to a proactive posture of spiritual maintenance, identifying and removing anything that defiles, distracts, or dishonors God. It encourages us to embrace thoroughness in our pursuit of holiness, recognizing that genuine spiritual renewal is not a superficial act but a deep, methodical process that touches every area of our being, leading to a life set apart for God's glory and true worship.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **What areas of my personal life or our church community might need a "cleansing" or "sanctifying" process similar to the Temple in Hezekiah's time?**
* **How does the Levites' diligence and adherence to a timeline challenge my approach to spiritual disciplines or tasks for God's kingdom?**
* **In what ways can I, or we as a community, better value and pursue holiness, recognizing its importance in our approach to God?**
* **What does this account teach us about the role of leadership in initiating and sustaining spiritual renewal?**

### FAQ
**Why was the Temple cleansing necessary, and what did it signify?**

Answer: The Temple cleansing was necessary because King Ahaz, Hezekiah's father, had desecrated the Temple by closing its doors, cutting up its vessels, and erecting idolatrous altars throughout Jerusalem and Judah (see [2 Chronicles 28:24-25](/2_chronicles/28-24 "2 Chronicles 28:24-25 - Ahaz's Idolatry")). This defilement mirrored the spiritual apostasy of the nation. The cleansing signified a national act of repentance and a return to covenant faithfulness. It was a physical manifestation of Judah's renewed commitment to Yahweh, making the sacred space ritually pure and fit for God's presence and proper worship once again.

**What is the significance of the "first month" and the specific timeline of sixteen days?**

Answer: The "first month" is Nisan (Abib), which held immense religious significance as the month of the Passover and Unleavened Bread. Beginning the cleansing on the very first day of this month symbolized a new beginning, a fresh start for the nation in its relationship with God, aligning with themes of redemption and liberation. The precise sixteen-day timeline (eight days to reach the porch, eight more to finish the interior) underscores the thoroughness, diligence, and methodical nature of the Levites' work. It wasn't a rushed or superficial effort but a comprehensive restoration, emphasizing that spiritual renewal requires intentionality and sustained effort, not just good intentions.

**What is the difference between "sanctifying the house of the LORD in eight days" and "in the sixteenth day... they made an end"?**

Answer: The verse describes two distinct phases of the cleansing process that total sixteen days. The first eight days (from the 1st to the 8th of the month) involved cleansing the outer courts and surrounding areas of the Temple complex, culminating in their arrival at the "porch of the LORD," the entrance to the main sanctuary. The phrase "so they sanctified the house of the LORD in eight days" refers to the *second* phase, the purification of the interior of the Temple itself (the Holy Place and the Most Holy Place), which also took eight days (from the 8th to the 16th of the month). Thus, "in the sixteenth day of the first month they made an end" signifies the completion of the *entire* comprehensive cleansing operation, which spanned a total of sixteen days.

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
The physical cleansing of the Temple in 2 Chronicles 29:17, while crucial for Old Covenant worship, ultimately points to the superior and eternal cleansing accomplished by Jesus Christ. The earthly Temple, with its need for repeated purification, was a shadow of the true sanctuary. Jesus declared Himself to be the ultimate Temple, stating, "[Destroy this temple, and in three days I will raise it up](/john/2-19 "John 2:19 - Jesus, the True Temple"), referring to His own body. His sacrificial death on the cross serves as the perfect and final act of sanctification, cleansing not merely a physical structure but the hearts and consciences of believers from sin (as seen in [Hebrews 9:14](/hebrews/9-14 "Hebrews 9:14 - Cleansing by Christ's Blood")). Through His shed blood, we are made holy and set apart for God, fulfilling the Old Testament types of purification. He is the [Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world](/john/1-29 "John 1:29 - Jesus, the Lamb of God"), making possible a new covenant where God's Spirit dwells not in buildings, but within believers, making them living temples (as described in [1 Corinthians 6:19-20](/1_corinthians/6-19 "1 Corinthians 6:19-20 - Your Body is a Temple of the Holy Spirit")). Thus, the diligent work of the Levites in Hezekiah's time foreshadows the perfect and permanent work of Christ, who truly "made an end" to the need for repeated ceremonial cleansing by His once-for-all sacrifice, inaugurating an era of spiritual purity and direct access to God.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

2 Chronicles 29:3

He in the first year of his reign, in the first month, opened the doors of the house of the LORD, and repaired them.

2 Chronicles 29:7

Also they have shut up the doors of the porch, and put out the lamps, and have not burned incense nor offered burnt offerings in the holy [place] unto the God of Israel.

2 Chronicles 3:4

And the porch that [was] in the front [of the house], the length [of it was] according to the breadth of the house, twenty cubits, and the height [was] an hundred and twenty: and he overlaid it within with pure gold.

1 Kings 6:3

And the porch before the temple of the house, twenty cubits [was] the length thereof, according to the breadth of the house; [and] ten cubits [was] the breadth thereof before the house.

1 Chronicles 28:11

¶ Then David gave to Solomon his son the pattern of the porch, and of the houses thereof, and of the treasuries thereof, and of the upper chambers thereof, and of the inner parlours thereof, and of the place of the mercy seat,

Exodus 12:2

This month [shall be] unto you the beginning of months: it [shall be] the first month of the year to you.

Exodus 12:8

And they shall eat the flesh in that night, roast with fire, and unleavened bread; [and] with bitter [herbs] they shall eat it.