### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **shᵉphîyphôn**, represented by `{{H8207}}`, refers to a specific kind of serpent known as an **adder**. Its base definition describes it as a serpent that snaps, likely the cerastes or horned adder. It is a very rare term, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the entire Bible.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single use of `{{H8207}}` appears in Jacob's prophecy over his sons. In this passage, the tribe of Dan is metaphorically described as "a serpent by the way, an **adder** in the path, that biteth the horse heels, so that his rider shall fall backward" [[Genesis 49:17]]. Here, the **adder** is portrayed as a small but dangerous creature capable of bringing down a much larger and more powerful foe through a sudden, unexpected strike from a hidden position.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words from its context illuminate its meaning:
* `{{H5175}}` **nâchâsh** (serpent): Used in direct parallel with **adder** in [[Genesis 49:17]], this is the general Hebrew word for a snake or **serpent**. It is famously used to describe the creature in the Garden of Eden [[Genesis 3:1]].
* `{{H5391}}` **nâshak** (bite): This verb describes the action of the **adder**. The root means to strike with a sting, and it is used to describe the attacks of the fiery serpents in the wilderness [[Numbers 21:6]].
* `{{H5483}}` **çûwç** (horse): This is the target of the **adder's** attack. The **horse** is often a symbol of military strength and power in the Old Testament, making its downfall by a small serpent a potent image [[Proverbs 21:31]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H8207}}` is derived entirely from its single, powerful appearance in prophecy.
* **Prophetic Character:** The word is used to define the character and tactics of the tribe of Dan. It suggests a nature that is cunning, dangerous, and relies on strategy and surprise rather than overt strength [[Genesis 49:17]].
* **Symbol of Hidden Danger:** As a type of serpent that attacks from the path, the **adder** embodies the theme of a hidden threat. It illustrates how a seemingly insignificant force can cause the collapse of a greater one.
* **Instrument of a Fall:** The **adder's** bite causes not only the horse to stumble but the rider to "fall backward" [[Genesis 49:17]]. This highlights its role as a catalyst for a sudden and complete reversal of fortune.
### Summary
In summary, `{{H8207}}` is a highly specific term whose meaning is locked into its single biblical context. While **shᵉphîyphôn** is rare, its use in [[Genesis 49:17]] provides a vivid and lasting prophetic image. It illustrates how a single word can create a powerful metaphor for cunning, strategic danger, and the ability of a small agent to bring about a great fall.
TRV