### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **shôwbêb**, represented by `{{H7728}}`, is defined as **backsliding** or **apostate**. It appears **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible. The term describes a state of turning away from a covenant or proper path, implying a heathenish or unfaithful nature.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{H7728}}` is used by the prophet Jeremiah to deliver a specific rebuke. In both instances, it modifies the term "daughter," likely referring to a nation or community. It describes a "backsliding daughter" who is questioned for her wandering and unfaithfulness [[Jeremiah 31:22]]. This same figure is later chided for glorying in her valleys and trusting in her own treasures, arrogantly believing she is beyond reach [[Jeremiah 49:4]]. The context consistently portrays a state of spiritual disloyalty and misplaced confidence.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the actions and mindset associated with being `{{H7728}}`:
* `{{H2559}}` **châmaq** (go about, withdraw self): This word is used in conjunction with "backsliding" to describe the daughter's restless wandering [[Jeremiah 31:22]]. It means to depart or turn about, directly linking the state of apostasy with the physical act of turning away.
* `{{H982}}` **bâṭach** (to trust, be confident or sure): This term is used to show the source of the backsliding daughter's error; she "trusted" in her treasures rather than in God [[Jeremiah 49:4]]. This highlights that backsliding is not just turning away from God, but turning *towards* a false source of security.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H7728}}` is significant in understanding the nature of apostasy.
* **Spiritual Infidelity:** The word is used to personify a community as a "backsliding daughter," framing its apostasy as a deep, relational betrayal rather than a simple error.
* **Misplaced Trust:** A core theme connected to `{{H7728}}` is the danger of placing confidence in material wealth or worldly strength. The backslider trusts in "treasures," leading to a false sense of security that invites judgment [[Jeremiah 49:4]].
* **Active Wandering:** Backsliding is not depicted as a passive state but as an active choice to "go about" (`{{H2559}}`) and depart from a position of stability and faithfulness [[Jeremiah 31:22]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{H7728}}` is more than a general term for failure; it is a pointed descriptor of apostasy and spiritual unfaithfulness. It illustrates that backsliding is characterized by a conscious turning away, a restless wandering from one's spiritual home, and a dangerous transfer of trust from God to worldly securities. The word serves as a solemn warning within the prophetic texts about the consequences of such infidelity.
TRV