The Hebrew word shᵉbûw, represented by H7618, is the term for agate. It appears 2 times in 2 unique verses in the Bible. The word derives from a root concept of flaming or sparkling, suggesting the gem was noted for its distinctive shimmer.
The use of H7618 is exclusive to the book of Exodus. In both of its occurrences, the agate is specified as one of the precious stones to be set in a sacred arrangement. It is listed as the second gem in the third H7992 row H2905 of stones, placed between a ligure H3958 and an amethyst H306 (Exodus 28:19; Exodus 39:12). These passages are part of a larger, detailed instruction for setting four rows of stones Exodus 39:10.
Several related words provide context for the placement and significance of the agate:
- H7992 shᵉlîyshîy (third): This ordinal number is used to specify the exact position of the agate within its row Exodus 28:19.
- H2905 ṭûwr (row): This term defines the structured and orderly arrangement of the gems, emphasizing a deliberate design Exodus 28:19.
- H3958 leshem (ligure): A gem mentioned immediately before the agate, establishing its place in the sequence of stones in the third row Exodus 39:12.
- H306 ʼachlâmâh (amethyst): A gem listed directly after the agate, completing the description of the third row of stones Exodus 39:12.
While its usage is highly specific, the theological weight of H7618 comes from its context.
- Divine Order: The placement of the agate within the third H7992 row H2905 highlights God's emphasis on precision and order in the creation of sacred items Exodus 28:19.
- Sacred Value: As one of the specified gems for this important object, the agate is designated as a material of value and beauty fit for divine service.
- Symbolic Brilliance: The root meaning of H7618, which relates to flame and sparkle, suggests that the stone was chosen for its light-reflecting qualities, perhaps symbolizing a divine attribute.
In summary, H7618 shᵉbûw is a term used exclusively to identify the agate in the specific context of a sacred, multi-gemmed object described in Exodus. Though its appearances are few, its inclusion underscores the themes of divine order, the value of specific materials in worship, and the importance of beauty in sacred design. It demonstrates how even a rarely used word contributes to the detailed fabric of biblical instruction.
TRV