### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **mᵉgêrâh**, represented by `{{H4050}}`, is defined as a **saw** or **axe**. It is derived from the root `{{H1641}}` **gârar**, which means to drag off roughly or to saw. This word appears **4 times** across **3 unique verses**, highlighting its specific applications in scripture.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The use of `{{H4050}}` is split between two distinct contexts: construction and military judgment. In [[1 Kings 7:9]], it is an instrument of craftsmanship, used to shape **costly** `{{H3368}}` and **hewed stones** `{{H1496}}` for the **great** `{{H1419}}` **court** `{{H2691}}`. The stones were meticulously **sawed** `{{H1641}}` from the **foundation** `{{H4527}}` to the **coping** `{{H2947}}`. In contrast, it is also a tool of severe action. After conquering the **Ammonites** `{{H5983}}`, **David** `{{H1732}}` **put** `{{H7760}}` the people under **saws** `{{H4050}}` [[2 Samuel 12:31]] and **cut** `{{H7787}}` them with **saws** `{{H4050}}` and **axes** `{{H4050}}` [[1 Chronicles 20:3]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the context and function of the `{{H4050}}` **saw**:
* `{{H1641}}` **gârar**: This root word, meaning **to saw**, is the very action performed with the `{{H4050}}` tool, as seen in the preparation of building materials [[1 Kings 7:9]].
* `{{H1270}}` **barzel**: Meaning **iron**, this word is used to describe the **harrows** `{{H2757}}` and **axes** `{{H4037}}` employed alongside the **saws** `{{H4050}}` in David's subjugation of the Ammonites, emphasizing the severity and strength of the implements [[2 Samuel 12:31]].
* `{{H68}}` **ʼeben**: This word for **stone** is the object upon which the **saw** `{{H4050}}` acts in its constructive role, used for fashioning **costly** `{{H3368}}` **stones** for a major architectural project [[1 Kings 7:9]].
* `{{H1496}}` **gâzîyth**: This term for **hewed stone** specifies the result of using a **saw** `{{H4050}}`, indicating precision and skilled labor in cutting stone to specific **measures** `{{H4060}}` [[1 Kings 7:9]].
### Theological Significance
The conceptual significance of `{{H4050}}` derives from its dual application, representing both creation and judgment.
* **Instrument of Construction:** The use of the **saw** in building highlights the value of precision and craftsmanship. Shaping **costly** `{{H3368}}` **stones** `{{H68}}` demonstrates a dedication to preparing materials fitting for a significant structure [[1 Kings 7:9]].
* **Instrument of Judgment:** As a tool of warfare, the **saw** symbolizes harsh subjugation. David's actions against the **children** `{{H1121}}` of **Ammon** `{{H5983}}` illustrate the severe consequences faced by enemies of Israel ([[1 Chronicles 20:3]]; [[2 Samuel 12:31]]).
### Summary
In summary, `{{H4050}}` **mᵉgêrâh** is a term for a tool whose meaning is defined by its application. While it can be a simple **saw** for building and creating, it is also depicted as an **axe** or **saw** used for enacting fierce judgment. Its limited appearances in scripture are powerful, portraying it as an instrument capable of both meticulous construction and severe punishment.
TRV