### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Hebrew word **kânan**, represented by `{{H3661}}`, is a primitive root meaning **to set out, i.e. plant**. It appears **1 time** across **1 unique verse** in the Bible. While extremely rare, its single usage provides a specific term related to the act of establishing or founding, and it carries the idiomatic sense of a **vineyard**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The sole appearance of `{{H3661}}` is in [[Psalms 80:15]], within a plea to God regarding Israel, which is depicted as a vine. The verse refers to "the vineyard which thy right hand hath planted" [[Psalms 80:15]]. In this context, `{{H3661}}` is used alongside a related term, `{{H3657}}`, to form the concept of the vineyard that God Himself established. The word points to a foundational, deliberate act of creation and placement by divine power.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words in the same passage illuminate the meaning of `{{H3661}}`:
* `{{H3657}}` **kannâh** (from כָּנַן; a plant (as set); [idiom] vineyard.): This word is derived directly from `{{H3661}}` and is used with it in [[Psalms 80:15]] to emphasize the object of God's planting as a vineyard.
* `{{H5193}}` **nâṭaʻ** (a primitive root; properly, to strike in, i.e. fix; specifically, to plant (literally or figuratively); fastened, plant(-er).): This verb describes the action taken upon the vineyard in [[Psalms 80:15]]. It is used elsewhere to describe God planting His people [[2 Samuel 7:10]] and even the heavens [[Isaiah 51:16]].
* `{{H553}}` **ʼâmats** (a primitive root; to be alert... establish, fortify... strengthen): Used in the same verse, this word describes God making the "branch" strong [[Psalms 80:15]]. It highlights the theme of divine fortification that accompanies God's act of planting, a concept also seen in God's command to Joshua to "be strong and of a good courage" [[Joshua 1:6]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{H3661}}` is tied entirely to its singular, powerful context.
* **Divine Establishment:** The word signifies God's direct role in founding and establishing His people. The reference to God's "right hand" in [[Psalms 80:15]] underscores that this is an act of divine power and authority.
* **The Vineyard Metaphor:** `{{H3661}}` contributes a specific nuance to the biblical metaphor of Israel as God's vineyard. It is not just a plant, but something intentionally "set out" and founded by God, who expects it to flourish. This idea of divine planting for a purpose is reinforced in passages like [[Jeremiah 24:6]].
* **Foundation and Security:** As a root meaning "to set out," `{{H3661}}` implies the creation of a stable and secure foundation. This connects to God's covenantal promise to plant his people in a place where they can dwell safely and securely [[2 Samuel 7:10]].
### Summary
In summary, while `{{H3661}}` is one of the rarest words in the biblical text, its role is precise and significant. It functions as a specific term for the act of founding or establishing, particularly in the context of a vineyard. Its meaning is deepened by the words for "plant" `{{H5193}}` and "strengthen" `{{H553}}` that surround it in [[Psalms 80:15]], painting a complete picture of God as the divine planter who not only sets out His people but also fortifies and secures them.
TRV