### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek term χρυσόπρασος (chrysóprasos - `{{G5556}}`) is a compound word derived from χρυσός (chrysos - `{{G5553}}`), meaning "gold," and a root related to "leek" (πράσον - prason), which suggests a green hue. This etymology precisely defines the gem as a "golden-green" or "greenish-yellow" stone. In modern mineralogy, chrysoprase is recognized as a variety of chalcedony, characterized by its apple-green to deep green color, often with a yellowish tint, due to the presence of nickel inclusions. Its semantic range is highly specific, referring exclusively to this particular precious gemstone.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The word χρυσόπρασος (chrysóprasos - `{{G5556}}`) appears only once in the New Testament, within the eschatological vision of the New Jerusalem in the book of Revelation. Specifically, [[Revelation 21:20]] lists it as the tenth of the twelve foundational stones of the city's wall: "the fifth, sardonyx; the sixth, sardius; the seventh, chrysolite; the eighth, beryl; the ninth, topaz; the tenth, chrysoprase; the eleventh, jacinth; the twelfth, amethyst." Each of these twelve foundations is adorned with a different precious stone, symbolically representing the twelve apostles of the Lamb ([[Revelation 21:14]]). The inclusion of chrysoprase, with its distinctive greenish-yellow color, contributes to the overall dazzling spectrum of light and color that characterizes the New Jerusalem, emphasizing its divine beauty, preciousness, and the perfection of its construction. Its place in this divinely ordered sequence underscores the meticulous detail and ultimate glory of God's eternal dwelling place with humanity.
### Related Words & Concepts
The most direct conceptual relation to χρυσόπρασος (chrysóprasos - `{{G5556}}`) is to the other eleven precious stones enumerated in [[Revelation 21:19-20]]: jasper, sapphire, chalcedony, emerald, sardonyx, sardius, chrysolite, beryl, topaz, jacinth, and amethyst. These gems collectively form the foundation of the New Jerusalem, symbolizing its immense value and divine origin. The word's root, χρυσός (chrysos - `{{G5553}}`), meaning "gold," links it to broader biblical themes of divine glory, purity, wealth, and preciousness, often associated with God's presence and sacred objects. Furthermore, the concept of the New Jerusalem itself ([[Revelation 21:2]], [[Revelation 21:10-27]]) is intrinsically tied to chrysoprase, as the stone is an integral component of its visionary description. More broadly, it connects to the biblical use of precious stones throughout Scripture, from the high priest's breastplate in Exodus 28 to descriptions of divine majesty and wisdom, all conveying concepts of beauty, purity, and divine favor.
### Theological Significance
The presence of chrysoprase as one of the twelve foundational stones of the New Jerusalem carries profound theological implications. Its inclusion contributes to the portrayal of God's ultimate dwelling place as one of unparalleled **divine glory and beauty**, reflecting a divine aesthetic that transcends human comprehension. As a foundation stone, it speaks to the **security and permanence** of God's eternal kingdom; the precious, unyielding nature of such gems symbolizes the unshakeable and everlasting reality of the New Jerusalem. The association of each foundation stone with an apostle ([[Revelation 21:14]]) means that chrysoprase, as the tenth stone, implicitly connects to the **apostolic foundation** upon which the Church is built, emphasizing the enduring witness and teachings of the apostles as integral to God's redemptive plan. Moreover, the inherent purity, clarity, and flawlessness often associated with precious gems align with the **holiness** that characterizes the New Jerusalem, where "nothing impure will ever enter it" ([[Revelation 21:27]]). Finally, the sheer opulence of the description, including chrysoprase, underscores God's boundless **provision and richness**, offering a glimpse into the glorious abundance and blessedness awaiting His redeemed people in the eschatological future.
### Summary
The Greek word χρυσόπρασος (chrysóprasos - `{{G5556}}`) precisely designates the greenish-yellow gemstone known as chrysoprase. Its sole biblical appearance in [[Revelation 21:20]] positions it as the tenth of the twelve foundational stones of the New Jerusalem. This singular occurrence is deeply significant, contributing to the rich, symbolic tapestry of the heavenly city's unparalleled beauty, divine glory, and eternal permanence. The gem's distinctive hue enhances the vibrant imagery, symbolizing the richness and purity of God's eternal dwelling. Theologically, chrysoprase, as part of the city's foundation, underscores themes of divine splendor, the unshakeable nature of God's kingdom, the enduring significance of the apostolic witness, and the ultimate blessedness and holiness that characterize the consummation of God's redemptive plan.
TRV