### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **chálkeos**, represented by `{{G5470}}`, is a specific term for something that is **coppery** or made of **brass**. It appears only **1 time** in **1 unique verse** in the Bible, indicating a very narrow but pointed application within scripture. Its meaning is derived from χαλκός, the word for copper itself.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single use of `{{G5470}}` occurs in the book of Revelation during a description of humanity's response to divine judgment. After a series of plagues, the rest of mankind who were not killed refused to repent from the works of their hands. Their unrepentance is shown through their continued worship of idols made of gold, silver, **brass**, stone, and wood. This context firmly places `{{G5470}}` within a narrative of idolatry and rebellion, where objects made of **brass** are among the lifeless things worshipped instead of God [[Revelation 9:20]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words illuminate the context surrounding the use of **brass** idols:
* `{{G1497}}` **eídōlon** (an image (i.e. for worship)): This is the object being created from brass. The verse condemns the worship of these man-made **idols**, which are presented as false gods [[Revelation 9:20]].
* `{{G4352}}` **proskynéō** (prostrate oneself in homage): This is the act of adoration directed at the idols of **brass**. The refusal to stop this **worship** is the central evidence of humanity's unrepentant heart [[Revelation 9:20]].
* `{{G1410}}` **dýnamai** (to be able or possible): This word is used to describe the powerlessness of the idols. The idols of **brass** and other materials are condemned because they **can** neither see, nor hear, nor walk, highlighting their lifeless nature [[Revelation 9:20]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5470}}` is entirely derived from its singular, powerful context in Revelation.
* **The Futility of Idolatry:** The word is part of a list of materials used for "the works of their hands" [[Revelation 9:20]]. This directly connects **brass** to the creation of false gods, emphasizing the biblical theme that worshipping man-made objects is a futile and rebellious act.
* **Symbol of Unrepentance:** The idols of **brass** are what humanity clings to in the face of judgment. Their existence signifies a refusal to repent `{{G3340}}` and turn to the living God, choosing instead to worship inanimate objects.
* **Inanimate versus Living:** The passage explicitly states that these idols of **brass** are impotent—they cannot see, hear, or walk [[Revelation 9:20]]. This creates a stark theological contrast between the lifelessness of the idol and the power of the God who sends the plagues `{{G4127}}`.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G5470}}` is a term whose significance is defined by its solitary appearance. Used to describe idols made of **brass**, it serves as a potent symbol of idolatry in the context of humanity's final rebellion. The word illustrates how even common materials can be used in defiance of God, with people choosing to worship the lifeless work of their own hands rather than the Creator who holds all power.
TRV