The Greek word phylakízō, represented by G5439, is a specific term used to imprison or incarcerate. It appears 1 time across 1 unique verse in the Bible. Its definition, derived from φύλαξ, points directly to the act of confining someone.
The sole use of G5439 is found in Paul's testimony in Jerusalem. Recounting his former life of persecuting the church, he confesses to the Lord, "I imprisoned and beat in every synagogue them that believed on thee" Acts 22:19. In this context, the word describes a hostile action taken against early Christians, linking the act of imprisonment directly to an opposition to faith in Jesus.
Several related words found in its only biblical context help clarify its meaning and application:
- G1194 dérō (a primary verb; properly, to flay, i.e. (by implication) to scourge, or (by analogy) to thrash:--beat, smite): This word is paired with G5439 in Paul's confession, indicating that imprisonment was accompanied by physical violence Acts 22:19. It is used elsewhere to describe punishment, such as when believers are warned they will be beaten in the synagogues Mark 13:9.
- G2252 ḗmēn (a prolonged form of ἦν; I was:--be, was. (Sometimes unexpressed)): This verb establishes the action of imprisoning as a past activity. Paul states "I was imprisoning" (rendered as "I imprisoned" in Acts 22:19), framing it as part of his former life. The word is often used to describe a past state, such as Jesus's declaration, "I was with them" John 17:12.
The theological weight of G5439 is concentrated in its single appearance:
- A Tool of Persecution: The word's usage in Acts 22:19 specifically defines imprisonment as an act of religious persecution. It is presented as a hostile action against "them that believed on thee," carried out within the synagogue system.
- A Marker of Testimony: The act of having imprisoned believers becomes a critical part of Paul's testimony. It serves as a stark contrast to his converted state, emphasizing the depth of his past opposition to the very faith he now proclaims.
In summary, G5439 is a highly specific term for the act of imprisonment. Though it appears only once, its context in Acts 22:19 gives it significant weight, portraying incarceration as a method of persecuting the early church. It illustrates how a simple action can become a key element in a powerful testimony of repentance and conversion, marking the boundary between a life of opposition and one of faith.
TRV