The Greek word phríssō, represented by G5425, is a primary verb defined as to "bristle" or chill, signifying a shuddering fear, and is translated as tremble. Its usage in scripture is highly specific, appearing only 1 time in 1 unique verse. This rarity makes its single appearance particularly significant in its context.
The sole use of G5425 is found in James 2:19, which states, "the devils also believe, and tremble." This verse is part of a larger argument contrasting true, living faith with a faith that is merely an intellectual acknowledgment of facts. The passage affirms that believing in one God is good, but it immediately points out that this level of belief is shared by demonic beings. Their belief, however, does not lead to reverence or salvation but to a chilling, shuddering fear in the presence of divine truth.
Several related words in the passage illuminate the meaning of G5425:
- G4100 pisteúō (to have faith...believe): This word is central to the context of James 2:19, appearing twice to contrast two types of belief. While saving faith involves entrusting one's spiritual well-being to Christ, the belief of demons is a mere acknowledgment of fact that leads to terror.
- G1140 daimónion (a dæmonic being...devil): This term identifies who is performing the action of trembling. These beings, who are subject to divine authority and can be cast out in Jesus's name Mark 16:17, possess a belief about God that results in the reaction of G5425.
The theological weight of G5425 is concentrated in its single use, providing a crucial distinction in the nature of faith.
- Knowledge vs. Trust: The trembling of the devils illustrates that mere intellectual knowledge of God is not the same as saving faith. The demons know God is one, but this knowledge, devoid of a relationship of trust, results only in fear James 2:19.
- The Reaction to Holiness: G5425 describes the involuntary, visceral reaction of unholy beings to the reality of God's singular power and authority. It is a fear born of opposition and condemnation, not of reverential awe.
- An Incomplete Faith: The word serves as a stark warning that a belief system which does not produce a transformed life is no different from the belief held by devils. Their faith is correct in its content but lacks the submission and trust that defines a true follower of God.
In summary, G5425 phríssō is a uniquely powerful word in the New Testament. Though used only once, its appearance in James 2:19 serves as a cornerstone for understanding the biblical definition of faith. It powerfully distinguishes between a sterile intellectual assent, which leads to trembling and fear, and a living, trusting faith that leads to salvation and a relationship with God.
TRV