φραγελλόω

Core Meaning & Semantic Range

The Greek word phragellóō, represented by G5417, is defined as to whip or lash as a public punishment, often translated as scourge. This term is derived from a presumed equivalent of the Latin flagellum. It appears 2 times across 2 unique verses, highlighting its specific and significant role in the biblical narrative.

Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis

In the Bible, G5417 is used exclusively within the context of the Passion of Jesus Christ. Both occurrences describe the actions of Pontius Pilate just before the crucifixion. In Matthew 27:26, Pilate released Barabbas and, after he had scourged Jesus, delivered Him to be crucified. Mark 15:15 provides a parallel account, stating that Pilate, "willing to content the people," released Barabbas and scourged Jesus before handing Him over for crucifixion. In both instances, the act is a formal punishment preceding the cross.

Related Words & Concepts

Several related words are essential for understanding the context in which G5417 appears:

• G3860 paradídōmi (to surrender, i.e yield up, intrust, transmit): In both Matthew 27:26 and Mark 15:15, this action immediately follows the scourging, as Jesus is delivered up to be crucified.
• G4717 stauróō (to impale on the cross; figuratively, to extinguish (subdue) passion or selfishness): This term defines the ultimate outcome of the scourging. Jesus was whipped as a prelude to being crucified (Matthew 27:26, Mark 15:15).

Theological Significance

The theological weight of G5417 is found in its precise placement within the suffering of Christ.

• A Formal Act of Punishment: The term describes a specific, public lashing. The narrative in Mark 15:15 notes that Pilate did this to "content the people," situating the scourging as an official, politically motivated act of punishment.
• Prelude to the Cross: The word is never used in isolation. In both of its biblical appearances, it is part of a sequence: Jesus is scourged G5417, then delivered G3860, and finally brought to be crucified G4717, emphasizing it as a step toward the ultimate atonement.
• A Picture of Suffering: By using this specific term, the Gospels underscore a distinct moment of Jesus's physical torment, demonstrating the brutal reality of the punishment He endured before His death.

Summary

In summary, G5417 is a potent and specific term for a violent public punishment. Its use is focused entirely on the scourging of Jesus, an act carried out by Pilate as a direct precursor to the crucifixion. It is not an incidental detail but a crucial component of the Passion narrative, illustrating a key stage of Christ's suffering on the path to the cross.