### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **phágos**, represented by `{{G5314}}`, is defined as a **glutton**. Derived from the word for "to eat," it is a rare term in scripture, appearing only **2 times** in **2 unique verses**. It is used specifically as a term of accusation.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In both of its biblical appearances, `{{G5314}}` is used by critics to describe Jesus, the Son of man. They accuse him, saying, "Behold a man **gluttonous**, and a winebibber, a friend of publicans and sinners" [[Matthew 11:19]]. This charge is a direct response to Jesus’s behavior of "eating and drinking," which stood in contrast to the expectations of his accusers. The same account and accusation are recorded in [[Luke 7:34]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context for the accusation of being **gluttonous**:
* `{{G2068}}` **esthíō**: This is a primary verb meaning **to eat**. Jesus’s action of eating ([[Matthew 11:19]], [[Luke 7:34]]) is what prompted the specific charge of being a glutton.
* `{{G3630}}` **oinopótēs**: Meaning a **tippler** or "winebibber," this word is used in direct parallel with `{{G5314}}` in both [[Matthew 11:19]] and [[Luke 7:34]] to form a compound insult against Jesus.
* `{{G4095}}` **pínō**: This verb, meaning **to drink**, describes the other action that led to the accusations. Jesus came "eating and **drinking**" [[Matthew 11:19]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5314}}` comes entirely from its use as a pejorative label against Jesus.
* **A Term of Reproach:** The word is not used to define a general sin but is weaponized as an insult to discredit Jesus and his ministry in the eyes of the public.
* **Association with Sinners:** The accusation of being **gluttonous** is immediately followed by the charge that Jesus is a "friend of publicans and sinners" ([[Matthew 11:19]], [[Luke 7:34]]), linking his social habits to perceived moral failings.
* **Ministry Misunderstood:** The use of this label demonstrates how Jesus's outreach and willingness to engage with all levels of society was willfully misinterpreted by his opponents as a sign of indulgence and unholiness.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G5314}}` is a term used exclusively as an accusation against Jesus Christ. Its significance lies not in a detailed theological breakdown of gluttony, but in what the accusation reveals about the nature of Jesus's ministry. The charge of being **gluttonous** was an attempt to condemn his radical act of fellowship with those considered outcasts, highlighting the deep opposition he faced for breaking religious and social norms.
TRV