### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
ὑποστολή (hypostolḗ) `{{G5289}}` is a Greek noun derived from the verb ὑποστέλλω (hypostellō) `{{G5288}}`, which literally means "to draw back," "to shrink from," "to withdraw," or "to hold back." The noun form thus conveys a sense of "shrinkage," "withdrawal," or "retreat." In a moral or spiritual context, ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` implies a timidity, hesitation, or even cowardice in the face of duty, truth, or opposition. The Strong's definition highlights its implication as "apostasy," suggesting that such a drawing back is not merely a minor reluctance but a potentially fatal spiritual retreat that can lead to a complete falling away from faith and commitment.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term ὑποστολή (hypostolḗ) `{{G5289}}` appears only once in the New Testament, in the Epistle to the Hebrews:
* [[Hebrews 10:39]]: "But we are not of those who shrink back to destruction, but of those who have faith to the preserving of the soul."
In this pivotal verse, ὑποστολήν is used in the genitive case, "of shrinkage" or "of drawing back." The context of Hebrews 10 is an urgent exhortation to persevere in faith, particularly for believers facing persecution, temptation, or the weariness of a prolonged spiritual journey. The author has just issued stern warnings against "willful sin" after receiving the knowledge of the truth ([[Hebrews 10:26-27]]) and against trampling underfoot the Son of God ([[Hebrews 10:29]]). The phrase "shrink back to destruction" (εἰς ἀπώλειαν) is set in stark antithesis to "faith to the preserving of the soul" (εἰς περιποίησιν ψυχῆς). This contrast underscores the dire and ultimate consequences of ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}`. It is not a trivial stumble but a path leading to spiritual ruin, directly opposed to the salvation found through enduring faith. The author identifies with the faithful ("we are not of those who...") thereby encouraging his readers to align themselves with perseverance rather than retreat.
### Related Words & Concepts
* **ὑποστέλλω (hypostellō) `{{G5288}}`**: This is the verbal root from which ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` is derived. Paul uses this verb to describe his own resolute conduct in ministry, stating that he "did not shrink from declaring" ([[Acts 20:20]]) and "did not shrink from declaring... the whole counsel of God" ([[Acts 20:27]]). Paul's steadfastness serves as a powerful counter-example to the negative implications of ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}`.
* **ἀπώλεια (apōleia) `{{G684}}`**: Meaning "destruction," "ruin," or "perishing," this is the ultimate destination of those who exhibit ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` in [[Hebrews 10:39]]. It emphasizes the severity of drawing back from faith.
* **πίστις (pistis) `{{G4102}}`**: "Faith." This concept is presented as the direct antidote and alternative to ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` in [[Hebrews 10:39]]. Enduring faith is the path to salvation and preservation.
* **Perseverance (ὑπομονή `{{G5281}}`)**: The overarching theme of Hebrews is the necessity of steadfast endurance in faith. ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` stands in direct opposition to the call for ὑπομονή, which is crucial for receiving God's promises.
* **Apostasy**: While ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` does not directly translate to "apostasy," its implication in [[Hebrews 10:39]] is a spiritual falling away or abandonment of faith, which is a form of apostasy. Other Greek terms like ἀφίστημι (aphistēmi) `{{G868}}` (to depart from, fall away) are more directly associated with the concept of apostasy.
### Theological Significance
The singular occurrence of ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` in [[Hebrews 10:39]] holds profound theological significance, particularly within the hortatory framework of the Epistle to the Hebrews. It underscores the critical choice facing every believer: either to "draw back" from their confession and face ultimate destruction, or to "have faith" and secure the preservation of their soul. This presents a stark, binary outcome, emphasizing the seriousness of spiritual commitment.
The term highlights the danger of spiritual timidity, fear, or cowardice, especially in the face of external pressures, suffering, or the temptation to revert to former ways of life. It suggests that a lack of courage to stand firm in one's convictions can lead to a complete abandonment of one's Christian identity and hope. The author of Hebrews consistently emphasizes that true faith is not merely an initial intellectual assent but an active, enduring, and persevering trust in God and His Son. ὑποστολή `{{G5289}}` represents the antithesis of such active faith—a failure to press on, a retreat from the spiritual battle, and ultimately, a forfeiture of salvation. The "destruction" implied is not merely physical demise but eternal spiritual ruin, underscoring the high stakes of perseverance.
### Summary
ὑποστολή (hypostolḗ) `{{G5289}}` is a powerful Greek term, found exclusively in [[Hebrews 10:39]], meaning "a drawing back," "shrinking," or "withdrawal." Derived from ὑποστέλλω `{{G5288}}`, it signifies a spiritual timidity or hesitation that carries dire consequences. In the context of Hebrews, it describes the perilous path of those who abandon their faith, leading to "destruction" (ἀπώλεια `{{G684}}`). This is sharply contrasted with the path of "faith" (πίστις `{{G4102}}`), which leads to the "preserving of the soul." The term serves as a severe warning against spiritual cowardice, apostasy, and a failure to persevere in the Christian walk, underscoring that steadfastness in faith is not merely commendable but essential for ultimate salvation.
TRV