from ὑπό and μένω; to stay under (behind), i.e. remain; figuratively, to undergo, i.e. bear (trials), have fortitude, persevere:--abide, endure, (take) patient(-ly), suffer, tarry behind.
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **ὑπομένω (hypoménō)**, represented by `{{G5278}}`, means to stay under, remain, or persevere. It appears **18 times** across **16 unique verses**. It conveys the concept of having fortitude and bearing trials, not merely waiting, but actively enduring under pressure.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G5278}}` is used to describe a steadfast perseverance through hardship. The ultimate example is Jesus, who **endured** the cross, despising the shame, for the joy that was set before Him [[Hebrews 12:2]]. The word is also critically linked to salvation, with the promise that he who **endureth** to the end shall be saved [[Matthew 10:22]]. While it primarily has this figurative meaning of enduring trials, it is also used literally to mean "to tarry behind" or "abide," as when the child Jesus **tarried behind** in Jerusalem [[Luke 2:43]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the nature of what is being endured:
* `{{G5281}}` **hypomonḗ** (patience): This noun form describes cheerful or hopeful endurance and constancy. It is exemplified in the **patience** of Job, who serves as a model for those who **endure** [[James 5:11]].
* `{{G3986}}` **peirasmós** (temptation): This refers to a putting to proof or adversity. A blessing is promised to the man that **endureth** temptation, for he will receive the crown of life [[James 1:12]].
* `{{G2347}}` **thlîpsis** (tribulation): This term signifies pressure or affliction. Believers are called to be **patient** in tribulation, a key component of a life marked by hope and prayer [[Romans 12:12]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G5278}}` is significant, highlighting a core aspect of the Christian walk.
* **The Example of Christ:** The primary model for endurance is Jesus himself, who **endured** the cross and the contradiction of sinners ([[Hebrews 12:2]], [[Hebrews 12:3]]). Believers are called to consider His example to avoid growing weary.
* **Perseverance and Salvation:** Enduring to the end is presented as integral to receiving salvation. This is stated directly in passages that describe facing hatred and persecution for Christ's name [[Matthew 24:13]].
* **A Mark of Sonship:** Enduring chastening is portrayed as evidence of a true relationship with God as a father to His sons [[Hebrews 12:7]]. Furthermore, to **suffer** patiently when doing well is described as acceptable with God [[1 Peter 2:20]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G5278}}` is not a term of passive waiting but of active, resilient perseverance. It defines the character of a believer who remains steadfast under trial, persecution, and divine chastening. From the ultimate act of Christ on the cross to the daily walk of the faithful, **ὑπομένω (hypoménō)** illustrates the necessity of enduring with hope and fortitude as a foundational element of faith, love, and salvation.
TRV