The Greek word Tarsós, represented by G5019, is the proper name for Tarsus, a place in Asia Minor. Its base definition suggests a possible origin related to a flat basket. It appears 3 times across 3 unique verses, where it functions exclusively as a geographical identifier central to the early life of the Apostle Paul.
In the biblical narrative, all uses of G5019 are found in the book of Acts and are linked to Saul of Tarsus. Paul himself identifies his origins, stating he was "born in Tarsus, a city in Cilicia" Acts 22:3. Following his conversion, the brethren sent Saul to Tarsus, indicating it was a place of safety or his home base Acts 9:30. Later, it is to Tarsus that Barnabas travels specifically "for to seek Saul," bringing him into his wider ministry Acts 11:25.
Several related words help establish the context of Tarsus within the narrative:
- G2791 Kilikía (Cilicia, a region of Asia Minor): This term defines the larger region where Tarsus was located, with Paul identifying his birthplace as "Tarsus, a city in Cilicia" Acts 22:3.
- G4569 Saûlos (Saulus...the Jewish name of Paul): The significance of Tarsus in scripture is tied entirely to its connection with Saul, who was born there and sought there by Barnabas Acts 11:25.
- G4172 pólis (a town...city): This word is used to describe Tarsus as a city, giving it a specific civic status within the region of Cilicia Acts 22:3.
- G2542 Kaisáreia (Cæsarea, the name of two places in Palestine): This city served as the departure point from which the brethren sent Saul to Tarsus Acts 9:30.
The narrative weight of G5019 is found in its role in the biography of the Apostle Paul.
- Apostolic Identity: Tarsus is foundational to Paul's personal history, establishing his birthplace and grounding his testimony in a specific, real-world location Acts 22:3.
- A Place of Preparation: For a time after his conversion, Saul was sent to Tarsus Acts 9:30. This represents a period of his life away from the initial conflicts before he was called into broader missionary work.
- The Point of Commission: The journey of Barnabas to Tarsus to find Saul is a pivotal moment in the book of Acts, as it initiates the partnership that would be central to the church's mission Acts 11:25.
In summary, G5019 is a geographical marker whose importance is derived entirely from its association with Saul of Tarsus. It is not a word with deep theological meaning, but rather a key location in the narrative of Acts. Its three appearances chart a crucial arc in Paul's life: his origin Acts 22:3, his temporary return home Acts 9:30, and his recruitment for the ministry that would change the world Acts 11:25.
TRV