### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **systrophḗ**, represented by `{{G4963}}`, describes a **twisting together**. It appears **2 times** across **2 unique verses** in the Bible. Figuratively, it refers to a **secret coalition** or a **riotous crowd**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G4963}}` is used to depict organized opposition and civil unrest. It describes a secret coalition of certain Jews who **banded together** under an oath, plotting to kill the apostle Paul [[Acts 23:12]]. The word is also used to identify a **concourse**, or riotous crowd, in Ephesus, for which the city was in danger of being called into question with no justifiable cause [[Acts 19:40]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words expand upon the concepts of conspiracy and commotion:
* `{{G4160}}` **poiéō** (to make or do): This verb is paired with `{{G4963}}` in [[Acts 23:12]] to form the phrase "banded together," showing the deliberate action of forming a coalition.
* `{{G332}}` **anathematízō** ((bind under a) curse, bind with an oath): This word details the nature of the secret coalition in [[Acts 23:12]], where the men **bound themselves under a curse** to achieve their goal.
* `{{G4714}}` **stásis** (dissension, insurrection, X standing, uproar): This term is used in parallel with `{{G4963}}` to describe the "uproar" in Ephesus, highlighting the chaotic and seditious nature of the **concourse** [[Acts 19:40]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G4963}}` lies in its illustration of organized opposition to God's work and the nature of mob behavior.
* **Conspiratorial Opposition:** The formation of a **secret coalition** to kill Paul demonstrates a premeditated and spiritually hostile opposition to the gospel's messengers. These men bound themselves with an oath, showing deep-seated antagonism [[Acts 23:12]].
* **Public Disorder:** As a **riotous crowd** or **concourse**, the term highlights the danger of civil unrest that lacks a just cause. Such actions can lead to unjust accusations against believers [[Acts 19:40]].
* **Collective Accountability:** The use of `{{G4963}}` in Ephesus underscores the principle that a **concourse** is accountable for its actions, as the city feared being required to give an account for the uproar [[Acts 19:40]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G4963}}` is more than just a gathering. It specifically denotes a "twisting together" that manifests as either a dangerous **secret coalition** or a chaotic **riotous crowd**. Its biblical appearances highlight the nature of organized, hostile plots and the accountability that comes with mob-like disorder, providing a sober warning about the forces that can align against the work of God.
TRV