middle voice from (braggart; perhaps by reduplication of the base of πέραν); to boast:--vaunt itself.
Transliteration:perpereúomai
Pronunciation:per-per-yoo'-om-ahee
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek verb περπερεύομαι (perpereúomai, `{{G4068}}`) is derived from a root suggesting "braggart" or "boasting." Its etymology is often linked to a reduplication of the base of πέραν (peran), meaning "beyond," implying an exceeding or going beyond proper bounds in speech or self-display. The middle voice, in which it appears, emphasizes that the action of boasting is done by the subject for itself, concerning itself, or affecting itself. Thus, περπερεύομαι denotes an ostentatious, self-displaying pride; it is not merely speaking proudly, but rather an unseemly and often empty show of oneself, a vain and inflated self-exaltation. It carries the nuance of being a "show-off" or "vaunting oneself" in an arrogant and conceited manner, often lacking substance or genuine merit.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
This significant verb appears only once in the New Testament, in the apostle Paul's profound discourse on love in [[1 Corinthians 13:4]]: "Love does not vaunt itself" (ἡ ἀγάπη οὐ περπερεύεται). This singular occurrence places περπερεύομαι within one of the most celebrated passages of Christian Scripture, highlighting its crucial role in defining the nature of divine love (agape). In this context, Paul lists several characteristics that are antithetical to true love. The statement "love does not vaunt itself" means that agape does not engage in self-aggrandizement, does not seek to impress others with its own accomplishments or qualities, nor does it display itself ostentatiously. It stands in stark contrast to the prideful and self-seeking attitudes that were evident in the Corinthian church, where spiritual gifts were sometimes used for personal display rather than for edification. True love, as exemplified by Christ, is humble and self-effacing, not drawing attention to itself but rather focusing on the well-being and edification of others.
### Related Words & Concepts
The concept expressed by περπερεύομαι is closely related to other Greek terms for boasting, pride, and humility. While `{{G2744}}` καυχάομαι (kauchaomai) can denote boasting in a neutral or even positive sense (e.g., boasting in the Lord, [[2 Corinthians 10:17]]), περπερεύομαι carries a more inherently negative connotation, specifically targeting an unseemly, showy, and often empty self-display. It aligns with the broader biblical condemnation of pride, as seen in words like `{{G5243}}` ὑπερηφανία (hyperēphania, haughtiness, pride) and `{{G5244}}` ὑπερήφανος (hyperēphanos, proud, arrogant), which are consistently presented as antithetical to the character of God and the humility expected of believers ([[James 4:6]], [[1 Peter 5:5]]). Conversely, the opposite of vaunting oneself is humility, represented by terms like `{{G5012}}` ταπεινοφροσύνη (tapeinophrosynē, lowliness of mind, humility), a virtue highly esteemed in the New Testament and exemplified supremely by Christ ([[Philippians 2:3-8]]). The Old Testament also frequently warns against boasting and pride, particularly in the wisdom literature ([[Proverbs 16:18]], [[Proverbs 27:1]]).
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of περπερεύομαι, particularly in its solitary appearance in [[1 Corinthians 13:4]], is profound. It underscores that true divine love (agape), which is the very nature of God, is utterly devoid of self-promotion or ostentatious display. God's love, as revealed in Christ, is self-giving and humble, not seeking its own glory in a vainglorious manner, but rather pouring itself out for the sake of others ([[John 3:16]], [[Philippians 2:5-8]]). For believers, this means that love in action must be characterized by humility and a lack of self-importance. When love "does not vaunt itself," it reflects the character of Christ, who, though divine, did not cling to His prerogatives but emptied Himself for humanity's redemption. This characteristic of love is essential for healthy Christian community, counteracting the divisive pride, competition, and self-exaltation that Paul was addressing in Corinth. It calls believers to a love that serves quietly, humbly, and genuinely, without needing to draw attention to itself or its accomplishments.
### Summary
The Greek verb περπερεύομαι (perpereúomai, `{{G4068}}`) signifies an unseemly, ostentatious, and vain self-display or boasting. Its singular yet pivotal appearance in [[1 Corinthians 13:4]] as "love does not vaunt itself" profoundly shapes our understanding of agape. This characteristic highlights that true, divine love is inherently humble, self-effacing, and devoid of any desire for self-promotion or showy exhibition. It stands in stark contrast to human pride and serves as a critical indicator of genuine Christian character, urging believers to manifest a love that serves others without seeking its own glory or drawing attention to itself.
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