### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **peridéō**, represented by `{{G4019}}`, is a specific term meaning **to bind around one, i.e. enwrap**. It is formed from the words περί and δέω. According to biblical usage statistics, it is a very rare word, appearing only **1 time** in **1 unique verse**.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The single occurrence of `{{G4019}}` is in the account of Lazarus's resurrection. After Jesus `{{G2424}}` calls him forth, the man who was dead `{{G2348}}` emerges, bound `{{G1210}}` hand `{{G5495}}` and foot `{{G4228}}` with graveclothes `{{G2750}}`. The scripture then adds a specific detail: "his face `{{G3799}}` was **bound about** `{{G4019}}` with a napkin `{{G4676}}`" [[John 11:44]]. This specific action of enwrapping the face underscores the totality of his burial state, from which Jesus `{{G2424}}` immediately commands his release.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words provide context to the act of binding and loosing:
* `{{G1210}}` **déō**: This is the root verb, meaning to **bind**. It is used in the same verse to describe Lazarus being **bound** hand and foot [[John 11:44]] and elsewhere refers to being "in bonds" figuratively [[Colossians 4:3]].
* `{{G3089}}` **lýō**: The direct opposite, meaning to **loosen**. This is the command Jesus `{{G2424}}` gives immediately after Lazarus appears: "**Loose** him" [[John 11:44]]. It is also used theologically for destroying the works of the devil [[1 John 3:8]].
* `{{G4676}}` **soudárion**: This is the **napkin** or sweat-cloth used to bind the face of a corpse. In the narrative, it is the object that was **bound about** `{{G4019}}` the man's face [[John 11:44]]. A **napkin** is also mentioned as being laid up by itself in Jesus' tomb [[John 20:7]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G4019}}` is tied directly to its singular, powerful context:
* **The Finality of Death:** The act of the face being **bound about** `{{G4019}}` with a **napkin** `{{G4676}}` highlights the thoroughness of the burial customs and the finality of the man's condition as one who was **dead** `{{G2348}}`.
* **Christ's Authority Over Bondage:** The man coming forth still **bound** `{{G1210}}` and enwrapped `{{G4019}}` shows that resurrection power precedes physical release. The command from Jesus `{{G2424}}` to "**Loose** him `{{G3089}}`, and let him go `{{G5217}}`" is a powerful depiction of liberation from the bonds of death [[John 11:44]].
* **Evidence of the Miracle:** The visual of a man emerging fully wrapped for burial provides dramatic proof of the miracle. The **napkin** `{{G4676}}` itself serves as a key detail, connecting this event to the evidence of Jesus' own resurrection, where the **napkin** from his head was found neatly wrapped in the empty tomb [[John 20:7]].
### Summary
In summary, while **peridéō** `{{G4019}}` is used only once, its application is profound. The word serves to paint a vivid picture of the constraints of death, making the subsequent act of liberation by Jesus `{{G2424}}` all the more powerful. It enriches the narrative of [[John 11:44]], providing a specific detail that emphasizes the themes of bondage, miraculous power, and the freedom from death that Christ commands.
TRV