neuter of a compound of παρά and the base of πλησίον (as adverb); close by, i.e. (figuratively) almost:--nigh unto.
Transliteration:paraplḗsion
Pronunciation:par-ap-lay'-see-on
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### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word G3897 παραπλήσιον (paraplḗsion) is a neuter adjective used adverbially, derived from a compound of παρά (para) `{{G3844}}` and the base of πλησίον (plēsion) `{{G4139}}`. Παρά signifies "beside," "alongside," or "near," while πλησίον means "near" or "neighbor." Thus, παραπλήσιον literally conveys the sense of "being very close alongside" or "nigh unto." Figuratively and in its common adverbial usage, it denotes "almost," "nearly," or "on the verge of." It describes a state of extreme proximity, indicating that something is not quite, but very nearly, in a particular condition or location. The nuance is one of approximation rather than absolute identity, emphasizing how close an event or state is to occurring or being realized.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The term παραπλήσιον (paraplḗsion) occurs only once in the New Testament, found in Paul's letter to the Philippians:
* [[Philippians 2:27]]: "For indeed he was sick nigh unto death: but God had mercy on him; and not on him only, but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow."
In this solitary instance, Paul uses παραπλήσιον θανάτου ("nigh unto death" or "almost to death") to describe the severe illness of Epaphroditus. This phrase powerfully conveys the gravity of Epaphroditus's condition, indicating that he was not merely ill, but on the very brink of death. The word underscores the critical nature of his sickness, making it clear that he was hovering between life and death. The subsequent clause, "but God had mercy on him," highlights divine intervention. The use of παραπλήσιον here emphasizes the near-fatal outcome that was averted only by God's compassionate hand, thereby magnifying the mercy shown. It also reveals Paul's deep concern for his fellow worker and the emotional burden that would have fallen upon him had Epaphroditus succumbed to his illness.
### Related Words & Concepts
Several Greek words share a semantic field of proximity or approximation with παραπλήσιον (paraplḗsion):
* παρά (para) `{{G3844}}`: The preposition "beside," "alongside," or "near," forming the first part of the compound. It often indicates close proximity or association.
* πλησίον (plēsion) `{{G4139}}`: The adverb "near" or "close by," which forms the root of the second part of παραπλήσιον. It is frequently used in the context of "neighbor" (as in "love your neighbor").
* ἐγγύς (engys) `{{G1451}}`: An adverb and preposition meaning "near," "at hand," or "close by." It is a more general term for proximity.
* σχεδόν (schedon) `{{G4975}}`: An adverb meaning "almost," "nearly," or "well-nigh." This word is a direct synonym for the adverbial sense of παραπλήσιον, also expressing approximation.
The concept of being "nigh unto" or "almost" is significant in biblical narratives, often setting the stage for divine intervention or highlighting the precariousness of human existence.
### Theological Significance
Though appearing only once, the word παραπλήσιον (paraplḗsion) in [[Philippians 2:27]] carries profound theological weight. It emphasizes the reality of human vulnerability and the fragility of life, even for those actively serving God. Epaphroditus, a faithful servant, faced a life-threatening illness, demonstrating that devotion does not exempt one from suffering. More importantly, the phrase "nigh unto death" serves as a stark backdrop against which God's mercy shines forth. It underscores the truth that life and death are ultimately in God's sovereign hands. The fact that Epaphroditus was brought back from the very brink of death is attributed directly to God's compassion ("but God had mercy on him"). This highlights divine intervention as a tangible reality in the lives of believers, not just in miraculous healing but also in the preservation of life in dire circumstances. Furthermore, Paul's expression of relief ("and not on him only, but on me also, lest I should have sorrow upon sorrow") reveals the interconnectedness of the body of Christ and the deep pastoral care that characterized early Christian communities. God's mercy extended not only to Epaphroditus but also to Paul, preventing further grief and demonstrating God's care for His servants and their emotional well-being.
### Summary
G3897 παραπλήσιον (paraplḗsion) is a Greek term meaning "almost," "nearly," or "nigh unto," signifying extreme proximity to a state or condition. Its sole biblical occurrence in [[Philippians 2:27]] describes Epaphroditus as being "nigh unto death," powerfully conveying the severity of his illness and his miraculous preservation. This rare but impactful word underscores the fragility of human life, the reality of suffering, and most significantly, the profound and timely mercy of God who intervenes to preserve life and alleviate sorrow, demonstrating His sovereign care over His people.
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