### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **metánoia**, represented by `{{G3341}}`, is a central term for **repentance**. It appears 24 times across 24 unique verses in the Bible. The word's definition points to a subjective compunction for guilt, which includes reformation, and by implication, a reversal of a decision.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the New Testament, `{{G3341}}` is presented as a primary purpose of Jesus' ministry, who stated He came to call sinners to **repentance** ([[Matthew 9:13]]; [[Luke 5:32]]). It is foundational to the Christian message, preached by John the Baptist as part of the "baptism of **repentance** for the remission of sins" [[Mark 1:4]]. This theme continues as the apostles preach that **repentance** and remission of sins should be proclaimed in Jesus' name [[Luke 24:47]]. The expectation is that genuine **repentance** will be evidenced by "fruits" or "works" ([[Matthew 3:8]]; [[Acts 26:20]]). Furthermore, scripture indicates that the goodness and longsuffering of God are intended to lead people to **repentance** ([[Romans 2:4]]; [[2 Peter 3:9]]).
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words clarify the scope of `{{G3341}}`:
* `{{G3340}}` **metanoéō** (repent): This is the verb form of `{{G3341}}` and means "to think differently or afterwards, i.e. reconsider." It is the direct action called for in passages where people are told to "**repent**" [[Acts 3:19]].
* `{{G1994}}` **epistréphō** (turn): Meaning to revert or turn, this word is often linked with repentance to show a change in direction. The apostles preached that people should repent and **turn** to God [[Acts 26:20]].
* `{{G3077}}` **lýpē** (sorrow): This word for sadness or grief is distinguished from worldly sorrow when connected to God. Godly **sorrow** is said to worketh repentance to salvation [[2 Corinthians 7:10]].
* `{{G859}}` **áphesis** (forgiveness): This word, meaning pardon or freedom, is a key result of repentance. The gospel message links the "baptism of **repentance**" with the "**remission** of sins" [[Mark 1:4]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G3341}}` is significant.
* **A Divine Gift:** Scripture presents **repentance** not merely as a human effort but as a gift granted by God. God exalted Jesus to give **repentance** to Israel [[Acts 5:31]] and granted it to the Gentiles unto life [[Acts 11:18]].
* **Essential for Salvation:** The concept is inextricably linked to salvation. Godly sorrow produces **repentance** that leads to **salvation** `{{G4991}}` not to be repented of [[2 Corinthians 7:10]]. God's will is for all to come to **repentance** rather than perish [[2 Peter 3:9]].
* **Foundation of Faith:** Along with faith toward God, **repentance** from dead works is considered a foundational principle of the doctrine of Christ [[Hebrews 6:1]]. It is a necessary component of the apostolic message, preached alongside **faith** `{{G4102}}` in the Lord Jesus [[Acts 20:21]].
* **Leads to Forgiveness:** A primary result of **repentance** is the **forgiveness** `{{G859}}` of sins. This connection is established in the preaching of both John the Baptist and the apostles ([[Luke 3:3]]; [[Luke 24:47]]).
### Summary
In summary, `{{G3341}}` signifies more than simple regret. It describes a profound change of mind and a reformation of life prompted by compunction for guilt. As a concept central to the Gospel, **repentance** is presented as a gift from God, a foundational step of faith, and an essential component for receiving the forgiveness of sins and salvation. It is a reversal of one's previous course, evidenced by new works and a life turned toward God.
TRV