### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **thlîpsis**, represented by `{{G2347}}`, describes **pressure**, whether literal or figurative. It is translated in scripture as affliction, anguish, tribulation, and trouble. Occurring **45 times** across **43 unique verses**, it denotes a state of being burdened or persecuted that is a significant theme in the New Testament.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In the biblical narrative, `{{G2347}}` is presented as an expected component of a believer's life. Jesus tells his disciples, "In the world ye shall have **tribulation**" [[John 16:33]]. This idea is reinforced in Acts, where it is taught that believers "must through much **tribulation** enter into the kingdom of God" [[Acts 14:22]]. The word is also used to describe a specific period of intense suffering, the "great **tribulation**," which will be unlike any other time in history [[Matthew 24:21]]. Furthermore, **tribulation** acts as a test of faith, as seen in the parable where a person without root is offended when **tribulation** or persecution arises because of the word [[Matthew 13:21]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help to clarify and expand upon the concept of **thlîpsis**:
* `{{G2346}}` **thlíbō** (to crowd): As the verb from which `{{G2347}}` is derived, it refers to the act of afflicting or causing trouble. It is used when promising to recompense **tribulation** to those that **trouble** believers [[2 Thessalonians 1:6]].
* `{{G4730}}` **stenochōría** (anguish, distress): Meaning a "narrowness of room" or calamity, this word is often paired directly with **thlîpsis** to describe immense suffering, such as the "**tribulation** and **anguish**" that will come upon every soul that does evil [[Romans 2:9]].
* `{{G1375}}` **diōgmós** (persecution): This term specifies a particular kind of affliction, an active hostility faced by believers. It is listed alongside **tribulation** as a hardship that cannot separate believers from the love of Christ [[Romans 8:35]].
* `{{G318}}` **anánkē** (distress, necessity): This word describes a state of constraint or distress, often appearing alongside **thlîpsis** in lists of hardships endured by apostles, such as in "**afflictions**, in **necessities**, in distresses" [[2 Corinthians 6:4]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2347}}` is centered on its purpose in the life of a Christian. It is not presented as pointless suffering, but as a refining process.
* **Produces Character:** Scripture teaches that believers can glory in **tribulations**, "knowing that **tribulation** worketh patience" [[Romans 5:3]].
* **Brings Divine Comfort:** God is portrayed as the one who "comforteth us in all our **tribulation**," which in turn equips believers to comfort others in any **trouble** [[2 Corinthians 1:4]].
* **Has an Eternal Perspective:** Believers are encouraged to see their "light **affliction**, which is but for a moment," as working for them "a far more exceeding and eternal weight of glory" [[2 Corinthians 4:17]].
* **A Mark of Faithfulness:** Enduring **tribulation** is a characteristic of the faithful. John identifies himself as a "companion in **tribulation**" [[Revelation 1:9]], and those who emerge from the "great **tribulation**" are seen standing before the throne of God [[Revelation 7:14]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2347}}` is a crucial theological term that moves beyond a simple definition of hardship. It represents a foundational Christian doctrine that suffering and pressure are not only to be expected but are used by God for a greater purpose. This "pressure" serves to develop endurance, demonstrate God's comfort, and focus the believer on an eternal hope that far outweighs any temporary affliction.
TRV