The Greek word eríphion, represented by G2055, refers to a goat. It appears only 1 time in 1 unique verse in the Bible. Symbolically, its base definition notes that it is used to represent a wicked person.
In its sole biblical appearance, G2055 is used to illustrate a moment of divine judgment. The verse describes a king who separates people as a shepherd would his flock, setting the sheep on his right hand but the goats on the left Matthew 25:33. This act of separation establishes a clear and final distinction between two groups.
Several related words from its single context clarify the meaning of this separation:
- G4263 próbaton (a sheep): This is the direct counterpart to the goat. The term is used for those who are followers, as in "My sheep hear my voice...and they follow me" John 10:27.
- G1188 dexiós (the right side or hand): This is the position of honor and blessing where the sheep are placed. It is elsewhere described as the place where Christ sits Colossians 3:1 and from where the "blessed" are welcomed into the kingdom Matthew 25:34.
- G2176 euṓnymos (the left hand): This is the position assigned to the goats. It is associated with a negative outcome, as those on the left hand are later called "cursed" Matthew 25:41.
- G2476 hístēmi (to stand, set, establish): This word denotes the decisive action of placing each group in its determined position. It is also used in the context of judgment, where the dead stand before God Revelation 20:12.
The theological weight of G2055 is drawn entirely from this scene of judgment.
- Symbol of the Judged: The goat serves as a stark symbol for those who are separated for judgment. In the context of its only use, they are placed on the left hand, a position contrasted with the honor of the right Matthew 25:33.
- Final Separation: The use of G2055 is central to the theme of eschatological division. The act of setting the goats apart from the sheep signifies a final and absolute separation between two groups of humanity.
- Identification with the Cursed: The fate of the goats is made explicit when those on the left are called "ye cursed" and commanded to depart into the everlasting fire prepared for the devil and his angels Matthew 25:41, solidifying their symbolic identity as wicked persons.
In summary, eríphion G2055 carries significant weight despite its single appearance. From its literal meaning of goat, it becomes a powerful biblical symbol for the wicked who are subject to final judgment. Its use in Matthew 25:33 is pivotal for understanding the scriptural theme of the great separation, where humanity is divided into two distinct destinies, represented by the sheep and the goats.
TRV