### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **éris**, represented by `{{G2054}}`, refers to a **quarrel, contention, debate, strife,** or **variance**. It appears **9 times** across **9 unique verses** in the Bible. This term consistently points to a state of conflict and wrangling that is contrary to a godly life.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G2054}}` is almost always presented within lists of vices and sinful behaviors that believers are warned to abandon. It is identified as a work of the flesh in Galatians, alongside things like **hatred** and **idolatry** [[Galatians 5:20]]. Paul points to the presence of **strife** and divisions among the Corinthians as evidence that they are still **carnal** [[1 Corinthians 3:3]]. The word is also used to describe the **contentions** within the church at Corinth reported by the house of Chloe [[1 Corinthians 1:11]]. In his letter to the Romans, Paul lists **debate** as a sin of a depraved mind [[Romans 1:29]] and warns believers to walk honestly, not in **strife** and envying [[Romans 13:13]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the nature and context of `{{G2054}}`:
* `{{G2205}}` **zēlos** (envy/emulation): This word, meaning "jealousy" or "malice" in an unfavorable sense, is frequently paired with **strife** ([[Romans 13:13]], [[1 Corinthians 3:3]]). It often represents the internal motive that gives rise to external contention.
* `{{G2052}}` **eritheía** (strife/contention): Closely related, this term for "intrigue" or "faction" appears alongside `{{G2054}}` in lists of sins, highlighting a spirit of selfish ambition and partisanship ([[2 Corinthians 12:20]], [[Galatians 5:20]]).
* `{{G1370}}` **dichostasía** (division/sedition): Meaning "disunion" or "dissension," this is often the direct result of **strife** and contentions within a community [[1 Corinthians 3:3]].
* `{{G2214}}` **zḗtēsis** (question): Described as "a dispute or its theme," this term is linked to **contentions** that are "foolish," "unprofitable and vain," and should be avoided [[Titus 3:9]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G2054}}` is found in its consistent portrayal as a spiritual problem.
* **Indicator of Carnality:** The presence of **strife** is a key sign of a carnal or fleshly mindset, standing in direct opposition to a life led by the Spirit ([[1 Corinthians 3:3]], [[Galatians 5:20]]).
* **Threat to Unity:** **Contentions** and **debates** are depicted as destructive forces within the church, undermining fellowship and the witness of believers ([[1 Corinthians 1:11]], [[2 Corinthians 12:20]]).
* **Source of Futility:** When linked with "foolish questions" and "strifes of words," `{{G2054}}` represents engagement in arguments that are spiritually empty, "unprofitable and vain," and lead away from faith ([[Titus 3:9]], [[1 Timothy 6:4]]).
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2054}}` **éris** is not merely a simple disagreement. It is a destructive state of quarrel and wrangling rooted in carnal motivations like envy. Scripture presents it as a serious threat to both individual spiritual health and the unity of the church, urging believers to avoid such behavior in favor of peace and godliness.
TRV