### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **epítropos**, represented by `{{G2012}}`, defines a commissioner, domestic manager, or guardian. It is most frequently translated as **steward** or **tutor**. This term appears **3 times** across **3 unique verses**, indicating a specific role of delegated management and oversight.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In its biblical usage, `{{G2012}}` consistently refers to an individual entrusted with responsibility by a higher authority. In a parable, the **lord** of the vineyard directs his **steward** to manage the payment of the laborers, showing a manager acting on behalf of an owner [[Matthew 20:8]]. The term also describes a position of significant trust within a powerful household, as seen with Chuza, who was Herod's **steward** [[Luke 8:3]]. In a metaphorical sense, it is used as **tutors** to describe guardians who have oversight of a person until a time appointed by the father [[Galatians 4:2]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the scope of an **epítropos**:
* `{{G3623}}` **oikonómos** (a house-distributor... steward): Often used synonymously with `{{G2012}}`, this term for a **steward** or **governor** appears alongside **tutors** `{{G2012}}` to describe those in charge of an heir [[Galatians 4:2]].
* `{{G2962}}` **kýrios** (supreme in authority... Lord, master): This term denotes the master to whom the **steward** is accountable. The **lord** of the vineyard is the one who gives commands to the **steward** `{{G2012}}` in [[Matthew 20:8]].
* `{{G1247}}` **diakonéō** (to be an attendant... minister... serve): This word for service is linked to the household of an **epítropos**, as Joanna, the wife of Herod's **steward**, **ministered** to Jesus from her substance [[Luke 8:3]].
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2012}}` is found in its illustration of stewardship and delegated authority.
* **Accountable Management:** The role of a **steward** `{{G2012}}` acting under a **lord** `{{G2962}}` serves as a clear model of accountability, where one is entrusted with carrying out the will of a master [[Matthew 20:8]].
* **Spiritual Guardianship:** Paul uses the concept of **tutors** `{{G2012}}` and **governors** to explain a state of immaturity before a "time appointed of the father," providing a metaphor for the relationship of believers to the law [[Galatians 4:2]].
* **Enabling Service:** The position of a **steward** `{{G2012}}` could provide the means for others to engage in ministry, as the wife of Herod's **steward** was able to **minister** and support Jesus directly [[Luke 8:3]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2012}}` is a specific term that carries significant implications of trust, management, and accountability. Whether a literal domestic manager, a royal official, or a metaphorical guardian, the **epítropos** functions with authority delegated from another. The word illustrates a principle of being entrusted with important affairs and being answerable to a master for how that trust is handled.
TRV