### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **epitimáō**, represented by `{{G2008}}`, is a term of censure and prohibition. Its base definition is to tax upon, censure, admonish, or by implication, forbid. Appearing **29 times** across **29 unique verses**, this word signifies a direct and authoritative rebuke or charge meant to stop an action or correct a wrong.
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
In scripture, `{{G2008}}` is used in several distinct and powerful contexts. It is frequently employed to show Christ's authority over the natural world, as when He **rebuked** the winds and the sea, resulting in a great calm [[Matthew 8:26]]. It is also used to demonstrate authority over spiritual forces; Jesus **rebuked** unclean spirits, commanding them to be silent and come out of people ([[Mark 1:25]], [[Luke 9:42]]). The word also applies to interpersonal correction, such as when Jesus **rebuked** Peter for speaking from a human perspective rather than a divine one [[Mark 8:33]] or when believers are instructed to **rebuke** a brother who trespasses against them [[Luke 17:3]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help clarify the scope and nature of this authoritative speech:
* `{{G1651}}` **elénchō** (to confute, admonish): Often translated as reprove, this word is used alongside **epitimáō** in the pastoral charge to "reprove, rebuke, exhort" [[2 Timothy 4:2]]. It carries the sense of convicting someone of a fault, as in telling a brother his fault between you and him alone [[Matthew 18:15]].
* `{{G2004}}` **epitássō** (to arrange upon, i.e. order): This word for commanding is often paired with a rebuke. When Jesus **rebuked** the foul spirit, He immediately followed with "I charge thee, come out of him" [[Mark 9:25]], showing the rebuke as a prelude to a direct order.
* `{{G1439}}` **eáō** (to let be, i.e. permit or leave alone): This word functions as a conceptual opposite. When Jesus was **rebuking** demons, he "suffered them not to speak" [[Luke 4:41]], highlighting that a rebuke is an act of not permitting or allowing a particular action to continue.
### Theological Significance
The theological weight of `{{G2008}}` is centered on the exercise of authority to confront and halt opposition.
* **Divine Authority:** The word is a primary vehicle for demonstrating Christ's divine power. He **rebuked** a fever and it left [[Luke 4:39]], **rebuked** a demon and it departed [[Matthew 17:18]], and **rebuked** a storm and it ceased [[Mark 4:39]]. The act of rebuking is an expression of absolute command over creation, sickness, and the spiritual realm.
* **Spiritual Confrontation:** The term is used in direct spiritual warfare. The archangel Michael, contending with the devil, did not bring a railing accusation but said, "The Lord **rebuke** thee" [[Jude 1:9]]. This places the authority to rebuke evil ultimately with God.
* **Ecclesiastical Discipline:** On a human level, it is a tool for correction and maintaining spiritual integrity. It is part of the work of a preacher [[2 Timothy 4:2]] and a necessary action for a believer to take toward a sinning brother to lead them to repentance [[Luke 17:3]].
### Summary
In summary, `{{G2008}}` is far more than simple scolding; it is a potent expression of censure and prohibition. Whether wielded by Christ to silence a storm, by an archangel to defy Satan, or by a believer to correct a brother, **epitimáō** signifies the use of authority to stop something that is wrong, disordered, or in opposition to the divine will. It is a word of power, used to command, correct, and bring things into alignment with God's purposes.
TRV