from ἐπί and ἔχω; to hold upon, i.e. (by implication) to retain; (by extension) to detain; (with implication, of νοῦς) to pay attention to:--give (take) heed unto, hold forth, mark, stay.
### Core Meaning & Semantic Range
The Greek word **epéchō**, represented by `{{G1907}}`, is derived from ἐπί and ἔχω and means to hold upon, retain, or detain. Appearing **5 times** in **5 unique verses**, its application extends from the literal act of staying in a place to the figurative sense of paying attention or marking something. In scripture, its translations include "take heed unto," "hold forth," "mark," and "stay."
### Biblical Occurrences & Contextual Analysis
The uses of `{{G1907}}` in the Bible highlight its diverse applications. It is used to describe a physical act of waiting, as when Paul **stayed** in Asia for a season [[Acts 19:22]]. It also signifies mental focus and observation, such as when a man at the temple gate **gave heed** to Peter and John, expecting to receive something [[Acts 3:5]]. In a teaching context, Jesus **marked** how guests chose the chief rooms, which prompted him to put forth a parable [[Luke 14:7]]. The word carries significant spiritual weight in the command to **take heed** unto oneself and to the doctrine, a practice that leads to salvation [[1 Timothy 4:16]].
### Related Words & Concepts
Several related words help to clarify the context and meaning of `{{G1907}}`:
* `{{G1961}}` **epiménō** (to stay over, i.e. remain (figuratively, persevere)): This word is used alongside `{{G1907}}` to emphasize the result of taking heed: one must **continue** in the doctrine to be saved [[1 Timothy 4:16]].
* `{{G1319}}` **didaskalía** (instruction (the function or the information)): This is the object of the attention called for by `{{G1907}}` in [[1 Timothy 4:16]], where believers are urged to take heed to the **doctrine**.
* `{{G4328}}` **prosdokáō** (to anticipate (in thought, hope or fear); by implication, to await): This word describes the state of mind of the man who "gave heed," showing he was actively **expecting** to receive something from the apostles [[Acts 3:5]].
### Theological Significance
The theological significance of `{{G1907}}` is demonstrated in its application to a believer's life and mission.
* **Doctrinal and Personal Vigilance:** The command to **take heed** unto oneself and the doctrine establishes a core principle of Christian life. This careful attention is not merely intellectual but is tied directly to the salvation of both the individual and those who hear them [[1 Timothy 4:16]].
* **Active Proclamation:** The concept moves beyond passive attention to active presentation in the instruction for believers to be **holding forth** the word of life `{{G3056}}` [[Philippians 2:16]]. This action is the basis for future rejoicing, framing evangelism as a vital and joyful duty.
* **Observational Discernment:** Jesus **marked** the social posturing of guests at a feast, using this observation as the foundation for a parable about humility [[Luke 14:7]]. This shows that paying careful attention to the world around us can provide opportunities for spiritual teaching.
### Summary
In summary, `{{G1907}}` is a versatile word that encompasses a spectrum of meaning, from literal waiting to deep spiritual attention. It illustrates the importance of both internal watchfulness over one's soul and doctrine, and the external action of holding forth the gospel. Whether it is a man **giving heed** in expectation of a gift or Paul **staying** in Asia, the word consistently points to a focused state of holding, waiting, or observing with purpose.
TRV