Psalms 109:22

KJV

For I [am] poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me.

KJV (with Strong's)

For I am poor {H6041} and needy {H34}, and my heart {H3820} is wounded {H2490} within {H7130} me.

Complete Jewish Bible

For I am poor and needy, and my heart within me is wounded.

Berean Standard Bible

For I am poor and needy; my heart is wounded within me.

American Standard Version

For I am poor and needy, And my heart is wounded within me.

Commentary

### SUMMARY
Psalms 109:22 presents a profound and poignant cry from the psalmist, articulating a state of utter personal destitution and internal anguish amidst intense persecution. The declaration, "For I am poor and needy, and my heart is wounded within me," serves as a deeply personal appeal to God, revealing the psalmist's complete reliance on divine intervention due to his external vulnerability and profound internal suffering. This verse marks a significant shift in the psalm, moving from imprecatory pleas against enemies to a raw confession of the psalmist's own desperate condition, thereby providing the emotional and spiritual foundation for his earnest petition for justice and deliverance.

### CONTEXT
* **Literary Context:** Psalms 109 is a challenging and powerful imprecatory psalm, traditionally attributed to David, which opens with an urgent plea for God to intervene against deceitful and malicious enemies who have slandered and persecuted the psalmist (e.g., [Psalms 109:1-5](/psalms/109-1-5 "Psalms 109:1-5 - Prayer for Divine Justice Against Enemies")). The majority of the psalm consists of vivid curses and prayers for divine judgment upon these adversaries ([Psalms 109:6-20](/psalms/109-6-20 "Psalms 109:6-20 - Imprecations Against the Wicked")). However, [Psalms 109:21](/psalms/109-21 "Psalms 109:21 - A Plea for Help") marks a crucial turning point. Having presented his case against his enemies, the psalmist shifts his focus from their wickedness to his own suffering, appealing directly to God for mercy and deliverance for himself. Verse 22 functions as the emotional core of this personal appeal, grounding his request in his profound suffering and helplessness, contrasting sharply with the vitriol directed at his foes in the preceding verses and setting the stage for his renewed plea for God's intervention in [Psalms 109:26-31](/psalms/109-26-31 "Psalms 109:26-31 - Renewed Plea for Deliverance and Praise")).

* **Historical & Cultural Context:** While traditionally associated with David, the precise historical circumstances underpinning Psalms 109 are not explicitly detailed. Nevertheless, its themes resonate deeply with periods of intense betrayal and persecution in David's life, such as during Absalom's rebellion ([2 Samuel 15](/2_samuel/15 "2 Samuel 15 - Absalom's Rebellion")) or Saul's relentless pursuit ([1 Samuel 23](/1_samuel/23 "1 Samuel 23 - David Flees Saul")). In ancient Near Eastern societies, justice was frequently sought through public appeals to a higher authority, whether a king or a deity. The concept of being "poor and needy" (Hebrew: *`aniy`* and *`'ebyown`*) extended beyond mere material destitution to encompass social marginalization, lack of protection, and vulnerability to injustice. Those identified as "poor and needy" were often regarded as special objects of divine concern and protection, a principle powerfully articulated in the Mosaic Law ([Deuteronomy 15:7-11](/deuteronomy/15-7-11 "Deuteronomy 15:7-11 - Care for the Poor and Needy")) and emphasized in prophetic teachings ([Isaiah 58:6-7](/isaiah/58-6-7 "Isaiah 58:6-7 - True Fasting and Justice")). The psalmist's declaration of his state thus serves as a potent legal and theological appeal to God's well-known character as the righteous defender of the oppressed.

* **Key Themes:** This verse profoundly contributes to several overarching themes within the Psalter and the broader biblical narrative. Firstly, it powerfully underscores the theme of **human vulnerability and absolute dependence on God**. Despite potentially being a king, the psalmist acknowledges his utter helplessness in the face of malicious opposition, echoing the sentiment found in [Psalms 40:17](/psalms/40-17 "Psalms 40:17 - The Lord is my Helper")). Secondly, it highlights the pervasive theme of **suffering and injustice**, vividly portraying the righteous individual enduring profound emotional and spiritual pain due to the unrighteous actions of others. This resonates with the broader biblical understanding of a fallen world where the innocent often suffer ([Job 1-2](/job/1-2 "Job's Suffering and Faithfulness")). Thirdly, the verse reinforces the crucial theme of **God as the ultimate protector and deliverer of the afflicted**. By presenting his wounded heart and needy state, the psalmist appeals to God's covenant faithfulness and His unwavering character as one who hears the cries of the oppressed, a recurring motif throughout the Psalms (e.g., [Psalms 34:18](/psalms/34-18 "Psalms 34:18 - God is Near the Brokenhearted")).

### EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

#### Key Word Analysis
* **Poor (Hebrew, _ʻânîy'_):** Derived from the root meaning "to be bowed down" or "afflicted," this term (H6041) signifies not merely material poverty but a state of being depressed, afflicted, humble, or lowly, often as a result of external circumstances or the actions of others. It describes one who is downtrodden and suffering, lacking the means or power to defend themselves. Theologically, it often denotes those who are utterly dependent on God, recognizing their own lack of resources or influence. The psalmist uses this term to convey his profound vulnerability and lack of defense against his powerful enemies.
* **Needy (Hebrew, _ʼebyôwn'_):** From a root conveying the sense of "want" or "desire," this term (H34) is closely related to *ʻânîy* and emphasizes destitution and utter dependence. It specifically refers to one who is in want, requiring assistance, often someone who is a beggar or completely without means. Together, *ʻânîy* and *ʼebyôwn* form a powerful and comprehensive expression of abject helplessness, reinforcing the psalmist's complete reliance on divine intervention.
* **Wounded (Hebrew, _châlal'_):** This primitive root (H2490) primarily means "to bore" or "to pierce," and by implication, "to wound" or "to dissolve." Figuratively, it also carries the sense of "to profane" or "to defile." When applied to the heart, as it is here, it suggests a deep, internal injury—a profound sense of being pierced, struck down, or even desecrated. It conveys not just sorrow or sadness, but a severe, debilitating blow to one's inner being, implying a violation or profound damage to the spirit. The psalmist's heart is not merely hurt but profoundly damaged, indicating the severity of the emotional and spiritual assault he has endured.

#### Verse Breakdown
* **"For I [am] poor and needy":** This initial clause serves as a direct explanation or justification for the psalmist's preceding plea for God's intervention. The conjunction "for" (Hebrew: *ki*) establishes a causal link, presenting the psalmist's identity as one who is utterly vulnerable, helpless, and without recourse in his own strength. This is not merely a statement of economic status but a profound confession of his social, spiritual, and existential destitution in the face of overwhelming opposition. It functions as an appeal to God's known character as the defender of the weak and oppressed, a theological argument for divine action.
* **"and my heart is wounded within me":** This second clause intensifies the psalmist's plea by revealing the depth of his internal suffering. The "heart" (Hebrew: *lêb*, H3820) in biblical thought is the seat of emotions, will, intellect, and spiritual life, and the "within me" (Hebrew: *qereb*, H7130) emphasizes its innermost core. To say it is "wounded" (or pierced/profaned) indicates a profound internal anguish, a deep and debilitating sorrow or pain that has penetrated his very core. This is not a superficial hurt but an internal laceration, suggesting the crushing weight of betrayal, profound grief, or the spiritual toll of false accusations and relentless persecution. It underscores the severe emotional and spiritual impact of his adversaries' actions.

#### Literary Devices
Psalms 109:22 masterfully employs several potent literary devices to convey the psalmist's profound distress. The most prominent is **Metaphor**, where the "wounded heart" serves as a vivid image for deep emotional and spiritual pain. This **Metaphor** effectively communicates the severity of an invisible, inner agony by likening it to a physical injury to an internal organ. The verse also exhibits a form of **Parallelism**, where the two clauses—"I am poor and needy" and "my heart is wounded within me"—work in conjunction. While not strictly synonymous or antithetical, they complement each other, with the first stating his external and social vulnerability, and the second revealing the internal, emotional and spiritual consequence. Together, they create a comprehensive and holistic picture of his suffering. Furthermore, the verse functions as a powerful appeal to **Pathos**, designed to elicit divine compassion and action by laying bare the psalmist's utter helplessness and profound inner turmoil. The declaration of being "poor and needy" can also be interpreted as a profound act of **Humility**, a deliberate self-abasement before God to emphasize complete reliance on divine grace, contrasting sharply with the pride and self-sufficiency often attributed to his enemies.

### THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
This verse profoundly articulates the biblical truth that true strength often lies in acknowledging one's weakness and utter dependence on God. The psalmist's confession of being "poor and needy" is not a sign of spiritual failure but an act of profound faith, aligning himself with those whom God consistently champions and defends. It highlights the theological principle that God's power is often made perfect in human weakness, and His justice is particularly extended to those who are marginalized and afflicted. The "wounded heart" speaks to the reality of human suffering in a fallen world, reminding us that even the righteous experience deep emotional and spiritual pain, and that God is intimately acquainted with our sorrows. This verse invites believers to bring their deepest hurts and vulnerabilities before a compassionate God, trusting in His character as a refuge for the oppressed and a healer of the brokenhearted.

* [Psalms 34:18](/psalms/34-18 "The Lord is Near to the Brokenhearted")
* [Isaiah 61:1](/isaiah/61-1 "The Spirit of the Lord Anoints Me to Bind Up the Brokenhearted")
* [2 Corinthians 12:9-10](/2_corinthians/12-9-10 "God's Power is Made Perfect in Weakness")

### REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Psalms 109:22 offers a profound invitation to authenticity and vulnerability in our walk with God. In a world that often pressures us to project strength, resilience, and self-sufficiency, the psalmist models a radical honesty, laying bare his profound weakness and inner anguish before the Almighty. This verse legitimizes our own experiences of feeling "poor and needy"—whether in material terms, emotional depletion, spiritual barrenness, or social marginalization. It reminds us that our brokenness does not disqualify us from God's attention; rather, it often positions us to receive His most tender care and powerful intervention. When our hearts are wounded by betrayal, injustice, grief, or the relentless pressures of life, we are encouraged to echo the psalmist's cry, trusting that God sees our affliction, hears our desperate pleas, and is uniquely drawn to those who acknowledge their utter dependence on Him. Our confession of need is not a sign of defeat but an act of faith that opens the door for divine solace, healing, and deliverance, transforming our vulnerability into a pathway for God's grace.

#### Questions for Reflection
* **In what areas of your life do you currently feel "poor and needy," and how does acknowledging this vulnerability draw you closer to God?**
* **What are some ways your heart has felt "wounded" recently, and how can you bring that specific pain honestly and openly before the Lord?**
* **How does the psalmist's example encourage you to be more authentic about your struggles in your prayers and relationship with God, rather than hiding them?**
* **What does this verse teach you about God's character and His compassionate response to the suffering and vulnerability of His people?**

### FAQ

**Is Psalms 109:22 a lament or an imprecation?**

Answer: Psalms 109:22 is primarily a lament, though it appears within an imprecatory psalm. While the psalm as a whole is well-known for its strong prayers for judgment against enemies (imprecations), verse 22 marks a distinct and crucial shift in focus. Here, the psalmist turns from his adversaries to his own suffering, expressing profound personal distress and vulnerability. It is a heartfelt cry of anguish and a plea for divine mercy and intervention based on his own dire and helpless condition, rather than a curse or call for judgment upon others. This personal lament serves as the emotional foundation for his subsequent appeal for God's help and vindication, as seen in passages like [Psalms 109:26-31](/psalms/109-26-31 "Psalms 109:26-31 - Plea for Deliverance and Praise")).

### CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Psalms 109:22 finds its ultimate and most profound fulfillment in the person of Jesus Christ. While the psalmist's cry of being "poor and needy" and having a "wounded heart" speaks powerfully to the universal human experience of suffering and vulnerability, it also serves as a poignant foreshadowing of the unique suffering of the Messiah. Jesus, though eternally rich in glory, "became poor for your sake, so that you through his poverty might become rich" ([2 Corinthians 8:9](/2_corinthians/8-9 "2 Corinthians 8:9 - Christ's Poverty for Our Sake")), identifying fully with the marginalized, destitute, and afflicted of humanity. His heart was profoundly "wounded" not only by the betrayal of His disciples ([John 13:21](/john/13-21 "John 13:21 - Jesus Predicts His Betrayal")) and the rejection of His own people ([John 1:11](/john/1-11 "John 1:11 - He Came to His Own")), but supremely by the crushing weight of the world's sin at Calvary. On the cross, His heart was literally pierced ([John 19:34](/john/19-34 "John 19:34 - The Piercing of Jesus' Side")), symbolizing the ultimate wounding for humanity's redemption and the outpouring of life. He experienced the depths of human vulnerability and even a profound sense of divine abandonment, crying out, "My God, my God, why have you forsaken me?" ([Matthew 27:46](/matthew/27-46 "Matthew 27:46 - Jesus' Cry of Dereliction")). Thus, the psalmist's lament becomes a prophetic echo of Christ's perfect empathy and His ultimate, self-sacrificial love, demonstrating that our wounded hearts find their complete healing and restoration in the one whose heart was supremely wounded for us.

Note: Commentary is generated by AI with a directive for Biblical fidelity. Always rely on the Holy Spirit for discernment. The Scripture text and cross-references are from verified, non-AI sources.

Cross-References

Psalms 86:1

¶ A Prayer of David. Bow down thine ear, O LORD, hear me: for I [am] poor and needy.

Psalms 22:6

But I [am] a worm, and no man; a reproach of men, and despised of the people.

Psalms 40:17

But I [am] poor and needy; [yet] the Lord thinketh upon me: thou [art] my help and my deliverer; make no tarrying, O my God.

Psalms 102:4

My heart is smitten, and withered like grass; so that I forget to eat my bread.

Job 6:4

For the arrows of the Almighty [are] within me, the poison whereof drinketh up my spirit: the terrors of God do set themselves in array against me.

Matthew 8:20

And Jesus saith unto him, The foxes have holes, and the birds of the air [have] nests; but the Son of man hath not where to lay [his] head.

Psalms 88:15

I [am] afflicted and ready to die from [my] youth up: [while] I suffer thy terrors I am distracted.