Proverbs 13:11

Translation
King James Version
¶ Wealth gotten by vanity shall be diminished: but he that gathereth by labour shall increase.
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KJV (with Strong's)
Wealth H1952 gotten by vanity H1892 shall be diminished H4591: but he that gathereth H6908 by labour H3027 shall increase H7235.
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Complete Jewish Bible
Wealth gotten by worthless means dwindles away, but he who amasses it by hard work will increase it.
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Berean Standard Bible
Dishonest wealth will dwindle, but what is earned through hard work will be multiplied.
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American Standard Version
Wealth gotten by vanity shall be diminished; But he that gathereth by labor shall have increase.
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World English Bible Messianic
Wealth gained dishonestly dwindles away, but he who gathers by hand makes it grow.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
The riches of vanitie shall diminish: but he that gathereth with the hand, shall increase them.
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Young's Literal Translation
Wealth from vanity becometh little, And whoso is gathering by the hand becometh great.
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See also
Proverbs 20:21Proverbs 10:2Proverbs 28:8James 5:1James 5:5Proverbs 13:22Proverbs 13:23
In the KJVVerse 16,759 of 31,102

Study This Verse

SUMMARY

Proverbs 13:11 offers a profound contrast between two methods of wealth acquisition and their inevitable outcomes, asserting that riches gained through fleeting, insubstantial, or dishonest means will diminish, while wealth accumulated through diligent, honest labor will consistently grow. This proverb underscores a fundamental principle of divine wisdom: the character and method behind one's financial pursuits are paramount to their lasting value and sustainability, advocating for integrity and sustained effort over schemes or idleness.

CONTEXT

  • Literary Context: Proverbs 13 is situated within the "Solomonic proverbs" (Proverbs 10:1-22:16), a foundational collection of divinely inspired aphorisms designed to impart practical wisdom for righteous living. This chapter, in particular, frequently employs antithetical parallelism to starkly contrast the wise and the foolish, the righteous and the wicked, and their respective destinies. Verses immediately preceding Proverbs 13:11 discuss the life-giving or destructive power of speech (Proverbs 13:3) and the contrasting desires and outcomes for the diligent versus the slothful (Proverbs 13:4). This thematic setup directly precedes and reinforces the proverb's focus on the consequences of different approaches to wealth acquisition. The broader book of Proverbs consistently champions diligence, integrity, and prudence as paths to blessing, while warning against idleness, deceit, and quick-gain schemes, making Proverbs 13:11 a quintessential expression of this overarching wisdom.
  • Historical & Cultural Context: In ancient Israel, wealth was largely agrarian, derived from land, livestock, and the direct fruits of manual labor. Society placed a high value on diligence, communal responsibility, and ethical dealings, principles deeply rooted in the Mosaic Law which explicitly condemned theft, fraud, and dishonest weights and measures (e.g., Leviticus 19:35-36). "Wealth gotten by vanity" (Hebrew: hebel) would have been understood as gains from dishonest trade, exploitation, usury, gambling, or speculative ventures that lacked a foundation in honest, productive work. Such gains were viewed as inherently unstable and contrary to the covenantal principles of justice and equity. Conversely, "labour" (often implying manual work or diligent effort) was esteemed as a God-given means of provision and blessing, aligning with the creation mandate for humanity to "work and keep" the garden (Genesis 2:15). The proverb thus reflects a societal value system where sustainable prosperity was intrinsically linked to moral character and consistent, ethical effort.
  • Key Themes: Proverbs 13:11 powerfully articulates several key themes pervasive throughout the wisdom literature. Firstly, it highlights Ethical Wealth Acquisition, asserting that the method of gaining wealth is as crucial as the wealth itself. Wealth obtained through "vanity" (Hebrew: hebel, signifying emptiness or futility) suggests ill-gotten gains, speculative schemes, or dishonest practices that lack a solid foundation, echoing warnings found in Proverbs 21:6. In contrast, wealth from "labour" is built on integrity and sustained effort. Secondly, it emphasizes the Dichotomy of Diligence vs. Folly, presenting a clear contrast between the fleeting nature of wealth acquired without genuine effort and the enduring growth that comes from diligent work. This principle resonates with other proverbs that commend hard work, such as Proverbs 10:4, which states, "He becometh poor that dealeth with a slack hand: but the hand of the diligent maketh rich." Finally, the verse speaks to Sustainable Prosperity, teaching that true, lasting prosperity is built on a foundation of consistent, honest work, whereas quick, easy money often disappears just as quickly, lacking the stability and blessing associated with righteous toil.

EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS

Key Word Analysis

  • Wealth (Hebrew, hôwn', H1952): This term (H1952) refers to substance, riches, or possessions. Its root implies sufficiency or enough. In this context, it denotes material assets or financial prosperity. The proverb addresses the nature and source of this "wealth," contrasting its acquisition through illicit or insubstantial means with that gained through diligent effort. It speaks to the tangible resources one possesses.
  • Vanity (Hebrew, hebel', H1892): The word (H1892) is crucial to understanding the proverb's first clause. Literally meaning "breath" or "vapor," hebel carries strong connotations of emptiness, futility, transience, and something unsatisfactory or worthless. It is famously employed throughout Ecclesiastes (e.g., Ecclesiastes 1:2) to describe the fleeting nature of worldly pursuits. Here, "wealth gotten by vanity" implies gains from dishonest schemes, idleness, gambling, or any endeavor lacking substance, integrity, or genuine productive effort—money that is easily acquired but inherently unstable and prone to dissipate because it lacks a true foundation.
  • Labour (Hebrew, yâd', H3027): While the KJV translates this as "labour," the Hebrew word (H3027) is yâd, meaning "hand." This is a powerful and common metonymy in Hebrew, where the "hand" represents the means or instrument of action, specifically diligent effort, work, or toil. The Strong's definition explicitly lists "labour" as an application. Thus, "he that gathereth by labour" refers to one who accumulates wealth through the diligent, persistent, and honest application of their hands—their effort, skill, and hard work. This stands in stark contrast to the insubstantial "vanity."

Verse Breakdown

  • "Wealth [gotten] by vanity shall be diminished:" This clause serves as a stark warning, highlighting the inherent instability of ill-gotten or easily acquired gains. "Wealth gotten by vanity" refers to riches acquired through dishonest means, speculative ventures, or any method that lacks genuine substance or ethical foundation. The term "vanity" (hebel) emphasizes the inherent emptiness and futility of such gains, suggesting they are like vapor—quick to appear but quicker to vanish. The consequence is clear: this ill-gotten or easily acquired wealth "shall be diminished" (Hebrew: mâʻaṭ, H4591), meaning it will lessen, decrease, or become few. It lacks the stability and divine blessing to endure, often disappearing as quickly as it was acquired, sometimes through legal penalties, poor investments, or simply lacking a sustainable source.
  • "but he that gathereth by labour shall increase." This second clause presents the antithetical truth and the path to true, lasting prosperity. "He that gathereth" (Hebrew: qâbats, H6908, to collect or assemble) signifies a deliberate, ongoing, and patient process of accumulation. The phrase "by labour" (Hebrew: yâd, H3027, "hand") metaphorically points to wealth acquired through diligent, honest effort, hard work, and patient toil—the product of one's sustained application and skill. The promised outcome is that such wealth "shall increase" (Hebrew: râbâh, H7235), meaning it will multiply, grow, and become abundant. This increase is a direct result of the stable, ethical foundation upon which the wealth is built, often implying divine blessing and sustainable growth.

Literary Devices

Proverbs 13:11 is a classic example of Antithetical Parallelism, a hallmark of Hebrew wisdom literature. The verse presents two contrasting lines, where the second line expresses the opposite thought of the first, thereby highlighting the consequences of two different approaches to wealth. "Wealth gotten by vanity shall be diminished" is set in direct opposition to "he that gathereth by labour shall increase," emphasizing the moral and practical dichotomy between fleeting, ill-gotten gains and enduring, diligently acquired wealth. Additionally, the use of "vanity" (Metonymy for insubstantial or dishonest gain) and "labour" (Metonymy for diligent effort through the "hand") employs figurative language to convey abstract concepts through concrete terms, making the proverb memorable and impactful. The entire verse functions as a Didactic Maxim, offering a concise moral instruction intended to guide behavior and promote wisdom, presenting a clear choice with clear outcomes.

THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS

This proverb stands as a testament to God's established order for prosperity, where diligence and integrity are foundational, and fleeting gains are ultimately unsustainable. It reflects a divine economy that values character and ethical conduct over mere accumulation. The principle that "wealth gotten by vanity shall be diminished" speaks to the inherent instability of ill-gotten gains, suggesting that such wealth lacks divine blessing and a solid foundation, often leading to anxiety, loss, or moral decay. This is not merely a natural consequence but a reflection of God's moral universe where unrighteousness does not ultimately prosper. Conversely, the promise that "he that gathereth by labour shall increase" aligns with the biblical emphasis on the dignity of work and the blessing that accompanies diligent effort and righteous stewardship. This isn't merely about financial gain but about the holistic well-being that comes from living in alignment with God's wisdom, where true prosperity encompasses peace, integrity, and lasting value.

REFLECTION AND APPLICATION

Proverbs 13:11 offers timeless wisdom that transcends ancient economic systems, speaking directly to our contemporary pursuit of wealth and success. It challenges the prevalent "get-rich-quick" mentality, which often prioritizes speed and ease over integrity and sustained effort. In a world saturated with speculative ventures, dishonest schemes, and the allure of instant gratification, this proverb serves as a vital anchor, reminding us that true, lasting prosperity is not found in shortcuts or ill-gotten gains, which are inherently unstable and prone to diminish. Instead, it champions the enduring value of diligent, honest work—the patient, consistent application of our skills and effort. This principle encourages us to cultivate a strong work ethic, practice financial integrity, and trust in God's provision through our faithful labor, knowing that such an approach yields not only material increase but also peace of mind, a clear conscience, and a life built on solid, ethical foundations. It calls us to consider not just what we gain, but how we gain it, recognizing that the character of our acquisition determines the longevity and true blessing of our possessions.

Questions for Reflection

  • In what ways might I be tempted to seek "wealth by vanity" in my own life, whether financially, professionally, or relationally?
  • How can I cultivate a stronger sense of diligence, patience, and integrity in my work and financial planning, trusting in God's timing and methods?
  • What does "increase" truly mean in a biblical sense, beyond mere material accumulation, encompassing spiritual growth and character development?
  • How does my approach to work and money reflect my trust in God's provision and wisdom, rather than a reliance on fleeting worldly systems?

FAQ

What does "wealth gotten by vanity" specifically refer to?

Answer: "Wealth gotten by vanity" refers to riches acquired through means that are insubstantial, fleeting, dishonest, or without genuine productive effort. The Hebrew word for "vanity" (hebel) means "breath" or "vapor," conveying emptiness and futility. This could include gains from gambling, fraud, speculative bubbles, get-rich-quick schemes, or any endeavor that lacks a solid, ethical foundation and productive labor. Such wealth is often easily acquired but lacks true substance and is inherently unstable, prone to diminish rapidly. The Bible consistently warns against such fleeting gains, as seen in Proverbs 21:6.

Does this proverb condemn all forms of quick financial gain or investment?

Answer: The proverb primarily condemns wealth acquired through vanity—meaning dishonest, insubstantial, or unproductive means. It emphasizes the method and character behind the acquisition. It does not necessarily condemn all quick financial gains, provided they are obtained through ethical, legitimate, and productive means that align with God's principles. However, it certainly warns against the mindset that seeks wealth without diligent effort or through morally questionable shortcuts. The emphasis is on the sustainability and blessing that comes from honest labor versus the inherent instability of ill-gotten or easily acquired gains, which often fall short of true prosperity.

CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT

Proverbs 13:11, with its contrast between diminishing wealth from vanity and increasing wealth from labor, finds profound Christ-centered fulfillment in the nature of His kingdom and the call to eternal investment. Worldly "vanity" (hebel) perfectly describes the fleeting nature of earthly treasures that "moth and rust destroy" and "thieves break in and steal" (Matthew 6:19). Jesus consistently taught against accumulating such temporary riches, instead urging His followers to "store up for yourselves treasures in heaven" (Matthew 6:20), which are eternal and truly increase. His own life was one of diligent "labor"—not for earthly wealth, but for the spiritual redemption of humanity, culminating in His ultimate sacrifice on the cross. This "labor" was not in vain; it yielded an immeasurable "increase" in the form of salvation, eternal life, and the establishment of His everlasting kingdom. Believers are called to "labor" not for the food that perishes, but for "the food that endures to eternal life" (John 6:27), which the Son of Man gives. Thus, Christ embodies the ultimate "gatherer by labor," whose work produces an eternal, ever-increasing spiritual wealth that far surpasses any earthly gain, inviting us to invest our lives in His enduring kingdom and participate in His redemptive work.

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Commentary on Proverbs 13 verse 11

11 ¶ Wealth gotten by vanity shall be diminished: but he that gathereth by labour shall increase.

This shows that riches wear as they are won and woven. 1. That which is won ill will never wear well, for a curse attends it which will waste it, and the same corrupt dispositions which incline men to the sinful ways of getting well incline them to the like sinful ways of spending: Wealth gotten by vanity will be bestowed upon vanity, and then it will be diminished. That which is got by such employments as are not lawful, or not becoming Christians, such as only serve to feed pride and luxury, that which is got by gaming or by the stage, may as truly be said to be gotten by vanity as that which is got by fraud and lying, and will be diminished. De male quaesitis vix gaudet tertius haeres - Ill-gotten wealth will scarcely be enjoyed by the third generation. 2. That which is got by industry and honesty will grow more, instead of growing less; it will be a maintenance; it will be an inheritance; it will be an abundance. He that labours, working with his hands, shall so increase as that he shall have to give to him that needs (Eph 4:28); and, when it comes to that, it will increase yet more and more.

Matthew Henry (1662–1714) — Commentary on the Whole Bible. This section covers verse 11. Public domain.
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BedeAD 735
Commentary on Proverbs
"Wealth hastily gotten will dwindle," etc. Those who want to become rich fall into temptation, and they do not possess those very riches, which they either acquire or desire, forever. But whoever strives justly for the acquisition of the wealth of heavenly rewards will receive the multiple gifts of heavenly blessedness. About this, he aptly adds:
CS LewisAD 1963
ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS ON CHRISTIANITY, from God in the Dock
Gambling ought never to be an important part of a man's life. If it is a way in which large sums of money are transferred from person to person without doing any good (e.g., producing employment, goodwill, etc.) then it is a bad thing. If it is carried out on a small scale, I am not sure that it is bad. I don't know much about it, because it is about the only vice to which I have no temptation at all, and I think it is a risk to talk about things which are not in my own makeup, because I don't understand them. If anyone comes to me asking to play bridge for money, I just say: "How much do you hope to win? Take it and go away."
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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