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“The Parable of the Talents”· Matthew 25:14–30
Translation
King James Version
For the kingdom of heaven is as a man travelling into a far country, who called his own servants, and delivered unto them his goods.
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KJV (with Strong's)
For G1063 the kingdom of heaven is as G5618 a man G444 travelling into a far country G589, who called G2564 his own G2398 servants G1401, and G2532 delivered G3860 unto them G846 his G846 goods G5224.
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Complete Jewish Bible
"For it will be like a man about to leave home for awhile, who entrusted his possessions to his servants.
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Berean Standard Bible
For it is just like a man going on a journey, who called his servants and entrusted them with his possessions.
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American Standard Version
Forit isaswhena man, going into another country, called his own servants, and delivered unto them his goods.
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World English Bible Messianic
“For it is like a man, going into another country, who called his own servants, and entrusted his goods to them.
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Geneva Bible (1599)
For the kingdome of heauen is as a man that going into a strange countrey, called his seruants, and deliuered to them his goods.
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Young's Literal Translation
`For--as a man going abroad did call his own servants, and did deliver to them his substance,
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Study This Verse

Summary

Matthew 25:14 introduces the profound Parable of the Talents, a pivotal teaching by Jesus Christ that underscores the principles of divine entrustment, responsible stewardship, and vigilant readiness for the Master's return. This verse sets the stage by depicting a man, symbolizing God or Christ, who, before embarking on a journey, summons his servants and distributes his valuable possessions among them, thereby initiating a period of accountability for their management of these entrusted resources.

Context

Literary Context

Matthew 25:14 is the opening verse of the Parable of the Talents, which forms a crucial part of Jesus's extensive eschatological discourse on the Mount of Olives, commonly known as the Olivet Discourse. This discourse, spanning Matthew 24-25, focuses on the signs of the end times, the certainty of Christ's second coming, and the imperative for His followers to live in a state of preparedness. Immediately preceding this parable is the Parable of the Ten Virgins, which emphasizes the need for spiritual vigilance and readiness for the bridegroom's arrival. The Parable of the Talents then shifts the focus from passive waiting to active, productive stewardship, illustrating how believers are to faithfully utilize the gifts and resources entrusted to them during the interim period between Christ's ascension and His glorious return.

Historical & Cultural Context

Parables were a common teaching method in ancient Jewish culture, allowing complex spiritual truths to be conveyed through relatable, everyday scenarios. The concept of a master entrusting his property to servants was a familiar one in the Roman and Jewish worlds, where large households often relied on trusted slaves or freedmen to manage estates in the owner's absence. The "far country" implies a significant absence, highlighting the extended period between Christ's ascension and His return. The "goods" or "talents" (introduced in the subsequent verses) were units of weight and, by extension, large sums of money, signifying substantial value. This cultural backdrop helps the audience understand the gravity of the master's trust and the expected diligence from the servants.

Key Themes

This foundational verse establishes several key themes that permeate the entire parable and resonate throughout Christian theology. The primary theme is Stewardship and Responsibility, emphasizing that believers are not owners but managers of the abilities, resources, opportunities, and spiritual gifts God has bestowed upon them. The master's departure "into a far country" subtly introduces the theme of Anticipation of Christ's Return, symbolizing Christ's ascension and the period of His absence, during which His followers are called to faithful service until His certain second coming, as promised in Acts 1:11. The act of "delivered unto them his goods" highlights Divine Trust, revealing God's incredible confidence in His servants to use His resources for His purposes. Finally, the implied return of the master in this verse lays the groundwork for the theme of Future Accountability, where each servant will be called to give an account of their stewardship, leading to either reward or judgment, a concept echoed in passages like 2 Corinthians 5:10.

Exposition and Analysis

Key Word Analysis

servants doûlos' G1401

This term denotes a slave, whether literal or figurative, involuntary or voluntary. In the context of the New Testament, it frequently conveys a sense of subjection or subserviency to a master. Here, it highlights the relationship between humanity and God, where believers are called to willing submission and service to their divine Master.

delivered paradídōmi' G3860

Meaning "to surrender, i.e., yield up, intrust, transmit." This word emphasizes the act of the master entrusting his possessions to his servants. It signifies a deliberate act of handing over, implying both trust and the expectation of responsible management, rather than a mere temporary loan.

goods hypárchonta' G5224

Referring to "things extant or in hand, i.e., property or possessions." This term broadly describes the valuable assets that the master gives to his servants. While the specific "talents" are named in the next verse, this word establishes the general concept of valuable resources or assets being entrusted, which can be interpreted broadly as spiritual gifts, abilities, time, and material blessings.

Verse Breakdown

"For the kingdom of heaven is as a man travelling into a far country,"

This opening clause connects the parable directly to the preceding discourse on the "kingdom of heaven," indicating that the following narrative illustrates its nature and principles. The "man travelling into a far country" is a central symbolic figure, representing Christ's departure from earth after His resurrection and ascension, initiating a period of absence before His ultimate return. This sets the stage for the interim period of the church age.

"who called his own servants,"

This highlights the master's deliberate action of summoning those who belong to him. The term "his own servants" emphasizes a pre-existing relationship and ownership, signifying that those entrusted are not strangers but individuals under his authority and care. This can be understood as Christ calling His disciples and, by extension, all believers, into His service.

"and delivered unto them his goods."

This crucial phrase describes the act of entrustment. The master, before his departure, actively hands over his valuable possessions to his servants, demonstrating significant trust and delegating responsibility. This signifies God's bestowal of various gifts, resources, and opportunities upon His people, not for their personal hoarding, but for productive use in His absence.

Literary Devices

Matthew 25:14, as the introduction to the Parable of the Talents, primarily employs Parable as its overarching literary device, using a relatable earthly story to convey profound spiritual truths about the Kingdom of Heaven. Within this, a Simile is explicitly used: "the kingdom of heaven is as a man travelling into a far country," directly comparing the nature of the kingdom to this scenario. Furthermore, the verse is rich in Symbolism: the "man travelling into a far country" symbolizes Christ's ascension and the interim period of His physical absence; "his own servants" symbolize believers who are called to serve God; and "his goods" symbolize the various gifts, resources, and opportunities that God entrusts to His people. This symbolic language allows for a deeper, multi-layered interpretation of the parable's message.

Theological and Thematic Connections

This verse introduces the profound theological truth that God, as the ultimate Master, sovereignly entrusts His resources to humanity, particularly to His followers. It establishes a fundamental principle of Christian life: we are not owners but stewards of all that we possess—our time, talents, spiritual gifts, material wealth, and even our very lives. The master's departure signifies Christ's ascension and the period of the church, during which believers are expected to actively and fruitfully manage what has been given to them, living with an awareness of the Master's eventual return and the subsequent call to account. This concept of divine entrustment is foundational to understanding our purpose and responsibility in the Kingdom of God.

Reflection and Application

Matthew 25:14 serves as a powerful call to self-examination regarding our stewardship. It challenges us to move beyond passive faith to active, responsible engagement with the gifts and opportunities God has placed in our hands. Just as the master in the parable entrusted his valuable "goods" to his servants, God has entrusted each believer with unique abilities, spiritual gifts, financial resources, and spheres of influence. The question for us is not if we have been given something, but how we are utilizing it for the Master's purposes while He is "away." This verse compels us to live with an eternal perspective, recognizing that our earthly actions have heavenly implications and that faithfulness in the present prepares us for a joyful accounting in the future. It encourages us to cultivate a mindset of diligent investment, seeking to multiply the blessings and opportunities God has provided, rather than burying them out of fear or apathy.

Questions for Reflection

  1. What "goods" or resources (talents, time, finances, spiritual gifts, relationships) do I believe God has specifically entrusted to me?
  2. Am I actively investing these resources for God's Kingdom, or am I "burying" them out of fear, complacency, or self-interest?
  3. How does the certainty of Christ's return motivate or challenge my current approach to stewardship?

FAQ

What does "the kingdom of heaven is as a man travelling into a far country" mean in this context?

This phrase is a simile that introduces the Parable of the Talents. It means that the principles and dynamics of the Kingdom of Heaven can be understood by observing the actions of a man who goes on a journey. In the parable, the "man" symbolizes God or, more specifically, Jesus Christ. His "travelling into a far country" symbolizes Christ's ascension to heaven after His earthly ministry and resurrection, initiating a period of physical absence from the earth. This period is the current church age, during which His followers are called to faithful service and stewardship while awaiting His promised second coming. It sets the stage for the subsequent themes of entrusted responsibility and future accountability.

Christ-Centered Fulfillment

Matthew 25:14, though part of an Old Testament-style parable, finds its ultimate and profound fulfillment in the person and work of Jesus Christ. The "man travelling into a far country" is none other than Christ Himself, who, after accomplishing His redemptive work on the cross and rising from the dead, ascended to His Father's right hand, as described in Acts 1:9-11. His departure initiated the era of the church, a time when He, as the ascended Lord, has entrusted His "goods"—His Spirit, His gospel, spiritual gifts, and the mission of the Kingdom—to His "servants," the believers. This entrustment is not passive; it is an empowering commission for His followers to be His witnesses "to the end of the earth" (Acts 1:8). The very purpose of this entrustment is for the expansion of His Kingdom and the glory of His name, until He returns in power and glory, just as the angels promised (Acts 1:11). Thus, the parable is not merely about general stewardship but about stewardship within the specific context of Christ's redemptive work and His ongoing reign from heaven, preparing His people for His glorious return as King and Judge, as prophesied in passages like Revelation 19:11-16.

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Historical interpretation

Ten Centuries of Reception

13 surviving comments on this verse. Each one is dated, so this reads as a timeline rather than a list.

13 quotes · AD 253–1274
Ante-NicenePost-NiceneEarly MedievalMedieval
2003004005006007008009001000110012001300

Select a marker to jump to its quote. Markers stagger vertically where authors wrote within a few decades of each other.

AD 253Origen of Alexandriaas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Ante-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
He travels, not according to His divine nature, but according to the dispensation of the flesh which He took upon Him. For He who says to His disciples, Lo, I am with you always, even unto the end of the world, (Mat. 28:20.) is the Only-Begotten God, who is not circumscribed by bodily form. By saying this, we do not disunite Jesus, but attribute its proper qualities to each constituent substance. We may also explain thus, that the Lord travels in a far country with all those who walk by faith and not by sight. And when we are absent from the body with the Lord, then will He also be with us. Observe that the turn of expression is not thus, I am like, or The Son of Man is like, a man travelling into a far country, because He is represented in the parable as travelling, not as the Son of God, but as man.
AD 367Hilary of Poitiersas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
Or, That servant who received five talents is the people of believers under the Law, who beginning with that, doubled their merit by the right obedience of an evangelic faith.

Or, the servant to whom two talents were committed is the people of the Gentiles justified by the faith and confession of the Son and of the Father, confessing our Lord Jesus Christ, to be both God and Man, both Spirit and Flesh. These are the two talents committed to this servant. But as the Jewish people doubled by its belief in the Gospel every Sacrament which it had learned in the Law, (i. e. its five talents,) so this people by its use of its two talents merited understanding and working.

Or, This servant who has received one talent and hid it in the earth is the people that continue in the Law, who through jealousy of the salvation of the Gentiles hide the talent they have received in the earth. For to hide a talent in the earth is to hide the glory of the new preaching through offence at the Passion of His Body. His coming to reckon with them is the assize of the day of judgment.

Or, By this servant is understood the Jewish people which continues in the Law, and says I was afraid of thee, as through fear of the old commandments abstaining from the exercise of evangelical liberty; and it says, Lo, there is that is thine, as though it had continued in those things which the Lord commanded, when yet it knew that the fruits of righteousness should be reaped there, where the Law had not been sown, and that there should be gathered from among the Gentiles some who were not scattered of the seed of Abraham.

And on those who have the privilege of the Gospels, the honour of the Law is also conferred, but from him who has not the faith of Christ is taken away even that honour which seemed to be his through the Law.
This parable was spoken with respect to mercy in alms; but the one that comes after this, to them that neither in money, nor in word, nor in protection, nor in any other things whatever, are willing to assist their neighbors, but withhold all.

And wherefore can it be that this parable brings forward a king, but that a bridegroom? That thou mightest learn how close Christ is joined unto the virgins that strip themselves of their possessions; for this indeed is virginity. Wherefore Paul also makes this as a definition of the thing. "The unmarried woman careth for the things of the Lord;" such are his words: and, "For that which is comely, and that ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction. These things we advise," he saith.

And if in Luke the parable of the talents is otherwise put, this is to be said, that the one is really different from the other. For in that, from the one capital different degrees of increase were made, for from one pound one brought five, another ten; wherefore neither did they obtain the same recompense; but here, it is the contrary, and the crown is accordingly equal. For he that received two gave two, and he that had received the five again in like manner; but there since from the same beginning one made the greater, one the less, increase; as might be expected, in the rewards also, they do not enjoy the same.

But see Him everywhere, not requiring it again immediately. For in the case of the vineyard, He let it out to husbandmen, and went into a far country; and here He committed to them the talents, and took His journey, that thou mightest learn His long-suffering. And to me He seems to say these things, to intimate the resurrection. But here it is no more a vineyard and husbandmen, but all servants. For not to rulers only, nor to Jews, but to all, doth He address His discourse. And they who bring a return unto Him confess frankly, both what is their own, and what their Master's. And the one saith, Lord, "Thou gavest me five talents;" and the other saith, "two," indicating that from Him they received the source of their gain, and they are very thankful, and reckon all to Him.

What then saith the Master? "Well done, thou good" (for this is goodness to look to one's neighbor) "and faithful servant; thou wast faithful over few things, I will set thee over many things: enter thou into the joy of thy Lord," meaning by this expression all blessedness.

But not so that other one, but how? "I knew that thou art a hard man, reaping where thou sowedst not, and gathering where thou strawedst not: and I was afraid, and hid thy talent: lo, there thou hast that is thine." What then the Master? "Thou oughtest to have put my money to the exchangers," that is, "thou oughtest to have spoken, to have admonished, to have advised." But are they disobedient? Yet this is nought to thee.

What could be more gentle than this? For men indeed do not so, but him that hath put out the money at usury, even him do they make also responsible to require it again. But He not so; but, Thou oughtest, He saith, to have put it out, and to have committed the requiring of it again to me. And I should have required it with increase; by increase upon the hearing, meaning the showing forth of the works. Thou oughtest to have done that which is easier, and to have left to me what is more difficult. Forasmuch then as he did not this, "Take," saith He, "the talent from him, and give it to him that hath ten talents. For unto every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance; but from him that hath not shall be taken away even that which he hath." What then is this? He that hath a gift of word and teaching to profit thereby, and useth it not, will lose the gift also; but he that giveth diligence, will gain to himself the gift in more abundance; even as the other loseth what he had received. But not to this is the penalty limited for him that is slothful, but even intolerable is the punishment, and with the punishment the sentence, which is full of a heavy accusation. For "cast ye," saith He, "the unprofitable servant into outer darkness: there shall be weeping and gnashing of teeth." Seest thou how not only the spoiler, and the covetous, nor only the doer of evil things, but also he that doeth not good things, is punished with extreme punishment.

Let us hearken then to these words. As we have opportunity, let us help on our salvation, let us get oil for our lamps, let us labor to add to our talent. For if we be backward, and spend our time in sloth here, no one will pity us any more hereafter, though we should wail ten thousand times. He also that had on the filthy garments condemned himself, and profited nothing. He also that had the one talent restored that which was committed to his charge, and yet was condemned. The virgins again entreated, and came unto Him and knocked, and all in vain, and without effect.

Knowing then these things, let us contribute alike wealth, and diligence, and protection, and all things for our neighbor's advantage. For the talents here are each person's ability, whether in the way of protection, or in money, or in teaching, or in what thing soever of the kind. Let no man say, I have but one talent, and can do nothing; for thou canst even by one approve thyself. For thou art not poorer than that widow; thou art not more uninstructed than Peter and John, who were both "unlearned and ignorant men;" but nevertheless, since they showed forth a zeal, and did all things for the common good, they attained to Heaven. For nothing is so pleasing to God, as to live for the common advantage.
And wherefore can it be that this parable brings forward a king, but that a bridegroom? That thou mightest learn how close Christ is joined unto the virgins that strip themselves of their possessions; for this indeed is virginity. Wherefore Paul also makes this as a definition of the thing. "The unmarried woman careth for the things of the Lord;" such are his words: and, "For that which is comely, and that ye may attend upon the Lord without distraction. These things we advise," he saith.

And if in Luke the parable of the talents is otherwise put, this is to be said, that the one is really different from the other. For in that, from the one capital different degrees of increase were made, for from one pound one brought five, another ten; wherefore neither did they obtain the same recompense; but here, it is the contrary, and the crown is accordingly equal. For he that received two gave two, and he that had received the five again in like manner; but there since from the same beginning one made the greater, one the less, increase; as might be expected, in the rewards also, they do not enjoy the same.
AD 407John Chrysostomas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
This parable is delivered against those who will not assist their neighbours either with money, or words, or in any other way, but hide all that they have.

Observe also that the Lord does not require the reckoning immediately, that you may learn His long suffering. To me He seems to say this covertly, alluding to the resurrection.

Thou good servant, (Ps. 16:11.) this he means of that goodness which is shown towards our neighbour.

By this word joy He expresses complete blessedness.

Also he who has the graces of eloquence and of teaching to profit withal, and uses it not, loses that grace; but he who does his endeavour in putting it to use acquires a larger share.

The wicked servant is punished not only by loss of his talent, but by intolerable infliction, and a denunciation in accusation joined therewith.

Observe that not only he who robs others, or who works evil, is punished with extreme punishment, but he also who does not good works.
AD 420JeromePost-NiceneSourceCommentary on Matthew
(v. 14, 15) For just as a man going on a journey called his servants and entrusted to them his goods. And to one he gave five talents, to another two, and to another one, each according to his ability. Then he went away. This man, the head of the household, undoubtedly is Christ, who after his resurrection victoriously ascended to the Father and, calling the apostles, handed down the gospel teaching, not giving more to one and less to another based on generosity and stinginess, but according to the abilities of the recipients: just as the Apostle says that he fed those who could not receive solid food with milk (I Cor. IV). And finally, he who had made five talents also gained ten, and he who had made two gained four, receiving the same joyful reward; not considering the magnitude of the gain, but the willingness to strive. Let us understand the various gifts that have been given to each, whether it be five, two, or one talent. In the first, let us consider all the senses examined: In the second, understanding and actions: In the third, reason, which separates humans from animals.
AD 420Jeromeas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Post-NiceneSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
Calling together the Apostles, He gave them the Gospel doctrine, to one more, to another less, not as of His own bounty or scanting, but as meeting the capacity of the receivers, as the Apostle says (1 Cor. 3:2.), that he fed with milk those that were unable to take solid food. In the five, two, and one talent, we recognise the diversity of gifts wherewith we have been entrusted.

He that had received five talents, that is, having received his bodily senses, he doubled his knowledge of heavenly things, from the creature understanding the Creator, from earthly unearthly, from temporal the eternal.

After a long time, because there is a long interval between the Saviour's ascension and His second coming.

He says, Thou wast faithful in a few things, because all that we have at present though they seem great and many, yet in comparison of the things to come are little and few.

What greater thing can be given to a faithful servant than to be with his Lord, and to see his Lord's joy?

The servant who of five talents had made ten, and he who of two had made four, are received with equal favour by the Master of the household, who looks not to the largeness of their profit, but to the disposition of their will.

For truly that which is written, To offer excuses excusing sins (Ps. 141:4.) happened to this servant, so that to slothfulness and idleness was added also the sin of pride. For he who ought to have honestly acknowledged his fault, and to have entreated the Master of the household, on the contrary cavils against him, and avers that he did it with provident design, lest while he sought to make profit he should hazard the capital.

Also, by this which this servant dared to say, Thou, reapest where thou sowedst not, we understand that the Lord accepts the good life of the Gentiles and of the Philosophers.

But what he thought would be his excuse is turned into his condemnation. He calls him wicked servant, because he cavilled against his Lord; and slothful, because he would not double his talent; condemning his pride in the one, and his idleness in the other. If you knew me to be hard and austere, and to seek after other men's goods, you should also have known that I exact with the more rigour that is mine own, and should have given my money to the bankers; for the Greek word here (ἀζγύριον) means money. The words of the Lord are pure words, silver tried in the fire. (Ps. 12:6.) The money, or silver, then are the preaching of the Gospel and the heavenly word; which ought to be given to the bankers, that is, either to the other doctors, which the Apostles did when they ordained Priests and Bishops throughout the cities; or to all the believers, who can double the sum and restore it with usury by fulfilling in act what they have learned in word.

Or, it is given to him who had gained five talents, that we may understand that though the Lord's joy over the labour of each be equal, of him who doubled the five as of him who doubled the two, yet is a greater reward due to him who laboured more in the Lord's money.

Many also who are naturally clever and have sharp wit, if they become neglectful, and by disuse spoil that good they have by nature, these do, in comparison of him who being somewhat dull by nature compensates by industry and painstaking his backwardness, lose their natural gift, and see the reward promised them pass away to others. But it may also be understood thus; To him who has faith, and a right will in the Lord, even if he come in aught short in deed as being man, shall be given by the merciful Judge; but he who has not faith, shall lose even the other virtues which he seems to have naturally. And He says carefully, From him that hath not, shall be taken away even that which he seemeth to have, for whatsoever is without faith in Christ ought not to be imputed to him who uses it amiss, but to Him who gives the goods of nature even to a wicked servant.

What is weeping and gnashing of teeth we have said above.
AD 444Cyril of AlexandriaPost-NiceneSourceFRAGMENT 283
The man who is the landowner is actually the Creator and Lord of all. The Word compares the time the landowner spends away from home in the parable to either the ascension of Christ into heaven or at any rate to the unseen and invisible character of the divine nature. Now one must conceive of the property of God as those in each country and city who believe in him. He calls his servants those who according to the times Christ crowns with the glory of the priesthood. For the holy Paul writes, “No one takes this honor upon himself; he must be called by God.” He hands over [his property] to those who are under him, to each giving a spiritual gift so that he might have character and aptitude. We think that this distribution of the talents is not supplied to the household servants in equal measure because each is quite different from the other in their understanding. Immediately they head out for their labors, he says, directly indicating to us here that apart from the procrastination of one they are fit to carry out the work of God. Surely those who are bound by fear and laziness will end up in the worst evils. For he buried, Jesus says, the talent given to him in the earth. He kept the gift hidden, making it unprofitable for others and useless for himself. For that very reason the talent is taken away from him and will be given to the one who is already rich. The Spirit has departed from such as these and the gift of the divine gifts. But to those who are industrious an even more lavish gift will be presented.
AD 604Gregory the Dialogistas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Early MedievalSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
(Hom. in Ev. ix, l.) The man travelling into a far country is our Redeemer, who ascended into heaven in that flesh which He had taken upon Him. For the proper home of the flesh is the earth, and it, as it were, travels into a foreign country, when it is placed by the Redeemer in heaven.

(ubi sup.) Otherwise; The five talents denote the gift of the five senses, that is, the knowledge of things without; the two signify understanding and action, the one talent understanding only.

(ubi sup.) There are also some who though they cannot pierce to things inward and mystical, yet for their measure of view of their heavenly country they teach rightly such things as they can, what they have gathered from things without, and while they keep themselves from wantonness of the flesh, and from ambition of earthly things, and from the delights of the things that are seen, they restrain others also from the same by their admonitions.

(ubi sup.) Again, there are some who by their understanding and their actions preach to others, and thence gain as it were a twofold profit in such merchandize. This their preaching bestowed upon both sexes is thus a talent doubled.

(ubi sup.) To hide one's talent in the earth is to devote the ability we have received to worldly business.

(ubi sup.) This lesson from this Gospel warns us to consider whether those, who seem to have received more in this world than others, shall not be more severely judged by the Author of the world; the greater the gifts, the greater the reckoning for them. Therefore should every one be humble concerning his talents in proportion as he sees himself tied up with a greater responsibility.

(Hom. in Ev. ix. 2.) And bringing his talents doubled, he is commended by his Lord, and is sent into eternal happiness.

(ubi sup.) The faithful servant is set over many things, when having overcome the afflictions of corruption, he joys with eternal joy in that heavenly seat. He is then fully admitted to the joy of his Lord, when taken in to that abiding country, and numbered among the companies of Angels, he has such inward joy for this gift, that there is no room for outward sorrow at his corruption.

(Hom. in Ev. ix. 3.) The servant who would not trade with his talent returns to his Lord with words of excuse.

(ubi sup.) But there are many within the Church of whom this servant is a type, who fear to set out on the path of a better life, and yet are not afraid to continue in carnal indolence; they esteem themselves sinners, and therefore tremble to take up the paths of holiness, but fearlessly remain in their own iniquities.

(Hom. in Ev. ix. 4.) So then we see as well the peril of the teachers if they withhold the Lord's money, as that of the hearers from whom is exacted with usury that they have heard, namely, that from what they have heard they should strive to understand that they have not heard.

(ubi sup.) Let us hear now the sentence by which the Lord condemns the slothful servant, Take away from him the talent, and give it to him that hath ten talents.

(Hom. in Ev. ix. 5.) It might seem more seasonable to have given it rather to him who had two, than to him who had five. But as the five talents denote the knowledge of things without, the two understanding and action, he who had the two had more than he who had the five talents; this man with his five talents merited the administration of things without, but was yet without any understanding of things eternal. The one talent therefore, which we say signifies the intellect, ought to be given to him who had administered well the things without which he had received; the same we see happen every day in the Holy Church, that they who administer faithfully things without, are also mighty in the in ward understanding.

(Hom. in Ev. ix. 6.) Then follows a general sentence, For to every one that hath shall be given, and he shall have abundance, but from him that hath not, even that which he seemeth to have shall be taken away. For whosoever has charity receives the other gifts also; but whosoever has not charity loses even the gifts which he seemed to have had.

(ubi sup.) Or, Whoso has not charity, loses even those things which he seems to have received.

(ubi sup.) And thus for punishment he shall be cast into outer darkness who has of his own free will fallen into inward darkness.

(Hom. in Ev. ix. 7.) Let him then who has understanding look that he hold not his peace; let him who has affluence not be dead to mercy; let him who has the art of guiding life communicate its use with his neighbour; and him who has the faculty of eloquence intercede with the rich for the poor. For the very least endowment will be reckoned as a talent entrusted for use.
Who then is this man who goes on a journey, if not our Redeemer, who departed into heaven in the flesh which he had assumed? For the proper place of flesh is earth, which is led as if to foreign lands when it is placed in heaven through our Redeemer. But this man going abroad handed over his goods to his servants, because he granted spiritual gifts to his faithful ones.
AD 856Rabanus Maurusas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274Early MedievalSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
Well done is an interjection of joy; the Lord showing us therein the joy with which He invites the servant who labours well to eternal bliss; of which the Prophet speaks, In thy presence is fulness of joy.
AD 1107Theophylact of OhridMedieval
Having said above, "You do not know the day when the Lord will come," He adds this parable as well, showing that He will come suddenly. For like a man about to travel into a far country, so too the Lord has called His own servants and distributed His property among them, some to one, some to another. Christ, Who became man for our sake, is the man travelling into a far country, in reference either to His ascent into the heavens or to the length of time that He is long-suffering and does not summarily demand works from us, but waits. His servants are those who have been entrusted with the ministry of the Word, such as bishops, priests, and deacons, and who have received spiritual gifts, some greater, some lesser, each one according to his own strength, that is, according to the measure of his faith and purity. For into the vessel which I will offer to God, He places His gift to me. If it is a small vessel, a small gift; if it is a large vessel, a large gift. Immediately he who had received the five talents went and traded with them. See the speed with which he acts, not in the least bit negligent, but immediately trading and doubling what he had received. Whether a man be gifted with speech, wealth, the authority of kingship, or any other power or skill, if he desires to benefit not only himself but others as well, he doubles what has been given to him. But he who buries the talent is he who cares only for his own benefit and not for that of others, and he is condemned. But if you should see an intelligent and skilled man misusing his intelligence in various pursuits, in deceitfulness, and in earthly affairs, you may say that such a man has buried his talent in the earth, that is, in earthly matters. But after a long time he who bestowed the silver talent returns. The silver talent may be in the form of a silver tongue, the gift of eloquence, for the eloquence of God is as silver that is tried by fire. Or, the silver talent may be any gift that makes one brilliant and glorious. He comes and demands a reckoning from those who received.
AD 1274Glossa Ordinariaas quoted by Aquinas, AD 1274MedievalSourceCatena Aurea by Aquinas
(non occ.) In the foregoing parable is set forth the condemnation of such as have not prepared sufficient oil for themselves, whether by oil is meant the brightness of good works, or inward joy of conscience, or alms paid in money.

(ord.) And straightway took his journey, not changing his place, but leaving them to their own freewill and choice of action.

(non occ.) Faithful, because he appropriated to himself none of those things which were his lord's.
Source: Quotations drawn from early Church Fathers and historical Christian theologians (AD 100–1500). Some quotes address the surrounding passage context rather than this verse alone.
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