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Commentary on Mark 8 verses 10–21
Still Christ is upon motion; now he visits the parts of Dalmanutha, that no corner of the land of Israel might say that they had not had his presence with them. He came thither by ship (Mar 8:10); but, meeting with occasions of dispute there, and not with opportunities of doing good, he entered into the ship again (Mar 8:13), and came back. In these verses, we are told,
I. How he refused to gratify the Pharisees, who challenged him to give them a sign from heaven. They came forth on purpose to question with him; not to propose questions to him, that they might learn of him, but to cross question with him, that they might ensnare him.
1.They demanded of him a sign from heaven, as if the signs he gave them on earth, which were more familiar to them, and were more capable of being examined and enquired into, were not sufficient. There was a sign from heaven at his baptism, in the descent of the dove, and the voice (Mat 3:16, Mat 3:17); it was public enough; and if they had attended John's baptism as they ought to have done, they might themselves have seen it. Afterward, when he was nailed to the cross, they prescribed a new sign; Let him come down from the cross, and we will believe him; thus obstinate infidelity will still have something to say, though ever so unreasonable. They demanded this sign, tempting him; not in hopes that he would give it them, that they might be satisfied, but in hopes that he would not, that they might imagine themselves to have a pretence for their infidelity.
2.He denied them their demand; He sighed deeply in his spirit, Mar 8:12. He groaned (so some), being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, and the little influence that his preaching and miracles had had upon them. The infidelity of those that have long enjoyed the means of conviction, is a great grief to the Lord Jesus; it troubles him, that sinners should thus stand in their own light, and put a bar in their own door. (1.) He expostulates with them upon this demand; "Why doth this generation seek after a sign; this generation, that is so unworthy to have the gospel brought to it, and to have any sign accompanying it; this generation, that so greedily swallows the traditions of the elders, without the confirmation of any sign at all; this generation, into which, by the calculating of the times prefixed in the Old Testament, they might easily perceive that the coming of the Messiah must fall; this generation, that has had such plenty of sensible and merciful signs given them in the cure of their sick? What an absurdity is it for them to desire a sign!" (2.) He refuses to answer their demand; Verily, I say unto you, there shall no sign, no such sign, be given to this generation. When God spoke to particular persons in a particular case, out of the road of his common dispensation, they were encouraged to ask a sign, as Gideon and Ahaz; but when he speaks in general to all, as in the law and the gospel, sending each with their own evidence, it is presumption to prescribe other signs than what he has given. Shall any teach God knowledge? He denied them, and then left them, as men not fit to be talked with; if they will not be convinced, they shall not; leave them to their strong delusions.
II. How he warned his disciples against the leaven of the Pharisees and of Herod. Observe here,
1.What the caution was (Mar 8:15); "Take heed, beware, lest ye partake of the leaven of the Pharisees, lest ye embrace the tradition of the elders, which they are so wedded to, lest ye be proud, and hypocritical, and ceremonious, like them." Matthew adds, and of the Sadducees; Mark adds, and of Herod: whence some gather, that Herod, and his courtiers were generally Sadducees, that is, deists, men of no religion. Others give this sense, The Pharisees demanded a sign from heaven; and Herod was long desirous to see some miracle wrought by Christ (Luk 23:8); such as he should prescribe, so that the leaven of both was the same; they were unsatisfied with the signs they had, and would have others of their own devising; "Take heed of this leaven" (saith Christ), "be convinced by the miracles ye have seen, and covet not to see more."
2.How they misunderstood this caution. It seems, at their putting to sea this time, they had forgotten to take bread, and had not in their ship more than one loaf, Mar 8:14. When therefore Christ bid them beware of the leaven of the Pharisees, they understood it as an intimation to them, not to apply themselves to any of the Pharisees for relief, when they came to the other side, for they had lately been offended at them for eating with unwashen hands. They reasoned among themselves, what should be the meaning of this caution, and concluded, "It is because we have no bread; he saith this, to reproach us for being so careless as to go to sea, and go among strangers, with but one loaf of bread; he doth, in effect, tell us, we must be brought to short allowance, and must eat our bread by weight." They reasoned it - dielogizonto, they disputed about it; one said, "It was owing to you;" and the other said, "It was owing to you, that we are so ill provided for this voyage." Thus distrust of God makes Christ's disciples quarrel among themselves.
3.The reproof Christ gave them for their uneasiness in this matter, as it argued a disbelief of his power to supply them, notwithstanding the abundant experience they had had of it. The reproof is given with some warmth, for he knew their hearts, and knew they needed to be thus soundly chidden; "Perceive ye not yet, neither understand, that which you have had so many demonstrations of? Have ye your hearts yet hardened, so as that nothing will make any impression upon them, or bring them to compliance with your Master's designs? Having eyes, see ye not that which is plain before your eyes? Having ears, hear ye not that which you have been so often told? How strangely stupid and senseless are ye! Do ye not remember that which was done but the other day, when I broke the five loaves among the five thousand, and soon after, the seven loaves among the four thousand? Do ye not remember how many baskets full ye took up of the fragments?" Yes, they did remember, and could tell that they took up twelve baskets full one time, and seven another; "Why then," said he, "how is it that ye do not understand? As if he that multiplied five loaves, and seven, could not multiply one." They seemed to suspect that the one was not matter enough to work upon, if he should have a mind to entertain his hearers a third time: and if that was their thought, it was indeed a very senseless one, as if it were not all alike to the Lord, to save by many or few, and as easy to make one loaf to feed five thousand as five. It was therefore proper to remind them, not only of the sufficiency, but of the overplus, of the former meals; and justly were they chidden for not understanding what Christ therein designed, and what they from thence might have learned. Note, (1.) The experiences we have had of God's goodness to us in the way of duty, greatly aggravate our distrust of him, which is therefore very provoking to the Lord Jesus. (2.) Our not understanding of the true intent and meaning of God's favours to us, is equivalent to our not remembering of them. (3.) We are therefore overwhelmed with present cares and distrusts, because we do not understand, and remember, what we have known and seen of the power and goodness of our Lord Jesus. It would be a great support to us, to consider the days of old, and we are wanting both to God and ourselves if we do not. (4.) When we thus forgot the works of God, and distrust him, we should chide ourselves severely for it, as Christ doth his disciples here; "Am I thus without understanding? How is it that my heart is thus hardened?"
No sign more impressed the crowds than the miracles of the loaves. Not only did they want to follow him, but also seemed ready to make him a king. In order to avoid all suspicion of usurping civil authority, he made a speedy exit after this wonderful work. He did not even leave on foot, lest they chase after him, but took off by boat.
(Vict. Ant. e Cat. in Marc.) Matthew says, of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the Sadducees; Luke, however, of the Pharisees only. All three, therefore, name the Pharisees, as being the most important of them, but Matthew and Mark have each mentioned one of the secondary sects; and fitly has Mark added of Herod, as a supplement to Matthew's narrative, in which they were left out. But in saying this, He by degrees brings the disciples to understanding and faith.
(in Marc. 2, 33) The Pharisees, then, seek a sign from heaven, that He, Who had for the second time fed many thousands of men with a few loaves of bread, should now, after the example of Moses, refresh the whole nation in the last time with manna sent down from heaven, and dispersed amongst them all.
(ubi sup.) When, as related above, He was about to refresh the believing multitude, He gave thanks, so now, on account of the foolish petition of the Pharisees, He groans; because, bearing about with Him the feelings of human nature, as He rejoices over the salvation of men, so He grieves over their errors. Wherefore it goes on, And he groaned in spirit, and saith, Why doth this generation seek after a sign? Verily I say unto you, If a sign shall be given to this generation. That is, no sign shall be given; as it is written in the Psalms, (Ps. 89:36) I have sworn once by my holiness, if I shall fail David, that is, I will not fail David.
(ubi sup.) For a sign from heaven was not to be given to a generation of men, who tempted the Lord; but to a generation of men seeking the Lord, He shows a sign from heaven, when in the sight of the Apostles He ascended into heaven. It goes on, And he left them, and entering into a ship again, he departed to the other side.
(ubi sup.) Some may ask, how they had no bread, when they had filled seven baskets just before they embarked in the ship. But Scripture relates that they had forgotten to take them with them, which is a proof how little care they had for the flesh in other things, since in their eagerness to follow the Lord, even the necessity of refreshing their bodies had escaped from their mind.
(ubi sup.) Or, the leaven of the Pharisees is making the decrees of the divine law inferior to the traditions of men, preaching the law in word, attacking it in deed, tempting the Lord, and disbelieving His doctrine and His works; but the leaven of Herod is adultery, murder, rash swearing, a pretence of religion, hatred to Christ and His forerunner.
(ubi sup.) Taking occasion then from the precept, which He had commanded, saying, Beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the leaven of Herod, our Saviour teaches them what was the meaning of the five and the seven loaves, concerning which He adds, And do ye not remember, when I brake the five loaves amongst five thousand, and how many baskets full of fragments ye took up? For if the leaven mentioned above means perverse traditions, of course the food, with which the people of God was nourished, means the true doctrine.
And dismissing them, he ascended the boat again and went across the strait. And they forgot to take bread, and they had nothing with them on the boat except one loaf. Someone may ask and say how they did not have bread, who, immediately after filling seven baskets, ascended the boat, and came to the borders of Magedan, and there heard the sailors that they should beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and Sadducees. But Scripture testifies that they forgot to take them with them. However, that they forgot to take provisions with them before they were about to sail across the strait indicates how little they cared for the flesh in other respects, for whom the very necessity of replenishing the body, which naturally exists in all mortals, had escaped their minds due to their attention to following the Lord. But the one loaf they had with them on the boat mystically signifies the bread of life itself, namely the Lord and Savior. Because they were always inwardly refreshed in heart by His love, they cared less for the earthly bread with which the body is usually fed.
After that our Lord had worked the miracle of the loaves, He immediately retires into another spot, lest on account of the miracle, the multitudes should take Him to make Him a king; wherefore it is said, And straightway he entered into a ship with his disciples, and came into the parts of Dalmanutha.
Or they seek for a sign from heaven, that is, they wish Him to make the sun and moon stand still, to bring down hail, and change the atmosphere; for they thought that He could not perform miracles from heaven, but could only in Beelzebub perform a sign on earth.
Now the reason why the Lord did not listen to them was, that the time of signs from heaven had not arrived, that is, the time of the second Advent, when the powers of the heaven shall be shaken, and the moon shall not give her light. But in the time of the first Advent, all things are full of mercy, and such things do not take place.
The Lord indeed quits the Pharisees, as men uncorrected; for where there is a hope of correction, there it is right to remain; but where the evil is incorrigible, we should go away. There follows: Now they had forgotten to take bread, neither had they in the ship with them more than one loaf.
By a special providence1 also the disciples forgot to take bread, that they might be blamed by Christ, and thus become better, and arrive at a knowledge of Christ's power. For it goes on, And he charged them, saying, Take heed, and beware of the leaven of the Pharisees and of the leaven of Herod.
He means by leaven their hurtful and corrupt doctrine, full of the old malice, for the Herodians were the teachers, who said that Herod was the Christ.
But the disciples themselves thought that the Lord spoke of the leaven of bread. Wherefore it goes on, And they reasoned amongst themselves, saying, it is because we have no bread; and this they said, as not understanding the power of Christ, who could make bread out of nothing; wherefore the Lord reproves them; for there follows, And when Jesus knew it, he said unto them, Why reason ye because ye have no bread?
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SUMMARY
Following a confrontational and unfruitful encounter with the Pharisees, Mark 8:13 depicts Jesus' decisive and immediate departure. This action signals a strategic withdrawal from hardened unbelief and a purposeful reorientation of His ministry, as He boards a ship to cross the Sea of Galilee, leaving behind those who stubbornly refused to acknowledge His authority despite overwhelming evidence.
CONTEXT
EXPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Key Word Analysis
Verse Breakdown
Literary Devices
Mark employs several literary devices in this concise verse to convey significant meaning. The primary device is Juxtaposition, as Jesus' immediate and decisive departure is sharply contrasted with the preceding fruitless and tense encounter with the Pharisees. This stark contrast highlights the futility of engaging with hardened hearts and the divine wisdom in knowing when to disengage. Furthermore, there is Symbolism embedded in the actions: the "ship" can be seen as a symbol of Jesus' ministry, a vessel that carries His mission forward, while "the other side" symbolizes a new phase or direction of His work, often away from the immediate centers of opposition. This movement also serves as a form of Foreshadowing, subtly hinting at the increasing separation between Jesus and the Jewish religious establishment, a division that would ultimately lead to His rejection and crucifixion.
THEOLOGICAL AND THEMATIC CONNECTIONS
Mark 8:13 powerfully illustrates Jesus' divine wisdom and sovereignty in His ministry. It teaches us that while God is infinitely patient, there are moments when continued engagement with those who stubbornly resist truth becomes unproductive. Jesus' departure is not an act of defeat or impatience but a strategic re-direction of His divine energy and focus towards more receptive hearts, particularly His disciples. This principle holds significant theological weight, emphasizing the importance of discerning where spiritual investment will yield the most fruit and recognizing that not all hearts are open to the gospel at all times. It underscores that the Kingdom of God continues to advance, even in the face of rejection, by shifting its focus to new opportunities and audiences.
REFLECTION AND APPLICATION
Mark 8:13 offers profound lessons for believers navigating a world often resistant to the Gospel. Jesus' example teaches us the wisdom of discerning when to disengage from unproductive arguments or hostile environments. While we are called to be persistent in sharing the truth, there are times when continued engagement with those who are willfully blind or intent on opposition can drain spiritual energy without yielding fruit. This passage encourages us to prioritize our spiritual resources and invest them where there is genuine openness and hunger for God's Word, much as Jesus turned His attention to His disciples after leaving the Pharisees. It reminds us that our mission is not to force belief, but to faithfully proclaim the truth and, when necessary, move on to new fields where the seed of the Gospel might find fertile ground. Ultimately, this verse calls us to trust in God's sovereign plan, knowing that even in moments of apparent rejection, He is orchestrating new opportunities for His Kingdom to advance.
Questions for Reflection
FAQ
Why did Jesus leave so abruptly after the encounter with the Pharisees?
Answer: Jesus' abrupt departure was a deliberate and strategic act. He had just experienced a frustrating and spiritually unproductive encounter with the Pharisees, who were not genuinely seeking truth but rather demanding a sign to test or trap Him. His deep sigh (Mark 8:12) indicated His grief over their spiritual blindness and hardness of heart. By leaving immediately, Jesus signaled an end to that fruitless engagement, refusing to waste time or energy on those unwilling to believe, and redirecting His focus to His disciples and other receptive individuals. It was a purposeful shift in His ministry, not a retreat of defeat.
What does "the other side" signify in this context?
Answer: "The other side" refers to the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee. This geographical shift often symbolized a change in the focus or audience of Jesus' ministry. While the western shore was predominantly Jewish, the eastern side included regions like the Decapolis, which had a significant Gentile population. Therefore, departing to "the other side" often meant moving to a new area where Jesus could continue His teaching and healing ministry, sometimes away from the intense scrutiny and opposition of the Jewish religious leaders, and often with a renewed focus on His disciples.
Does Jesus' action of leaving them mean He gives up on people who don't believe immediately?
Answer: No, Jesus' action does not mean He gives up on people entirely or that He lacks patience. Rather, it demonstrates divine wisdom and discernment. Jesus knows when hearts are hardened to the point that further engagement in a particular way becomes counterproductive. His mission was to proclaim the Kingdom of God and call people to repentance and faith. While He extended grace and opportunity to all, He also operated strategically, investing His time and energy where it would be most fruitful. This specific departure was a response to a deliberate and persistent unbelief, not a general abandonment of all who struggle to believe. He continued to offer opportunities for faith to many others, including those who would later come to believe.
CHRIST-CENTERED FULFILLMENT
Mark 8:13, though seemingly a simple account of Jesus' movement, is deeply Christ-centered in its implications. Jesus' decisive departure from the hardened hearts of the Pharisees foreshadows His ultimate rejection by the religious establishment, a rejection that would culminate in His crucifixion. Yet, even in this act of withdrawal, we see His divine purpose. He does not retreat in defeat but purposefully moves to "the other side," symbolizing His unwavering commitment to His mission and His focus on those who are receptive. This act anticipates His post-resurrection commission to His disciples, where He empowers them to carry the Gospel to "the uttermost part of the earth" (Acts 1:8). The very act of leaving those who reject Him underscores the truth that salvation is not forced but offered, and when rejected, the message moves to new hearers. Ultimately, Jesus' journey to "the other side" points to His broader redemptive work: His willingness to cross every barrier—cultural, spiritual, and even the chasm of sin and death—to reconcile humanity to God, as perfectly expressed in His sacrificial love on the cross for all who would believe (John 3:16).