John 11:33

¶ When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping which came with her, he groaned in the spirit, and was troubled,

When {G5613} Jesus {G2424} therefore {G3767} saw {G1492} her {G846} weeping {G2799}, and {G2532} the Jews {G2453} also weeping {G2799} which came {G4905} with her {G846}, he groaned {G1690} in the spirit {G4151}, and {G2532} was troubled {G5015}{G1438},

When Yeshua saw her crying, and also the Judeans who came with her crying, he was deeply moved and also troubled.

When Jesus saw her weeping, and the Jews who had come with her also weeping, He was deeply moved in spirit and troubled.

When Jesus therefore saw her weeping, and the Jews also weeping who came with her, he groaned in the spirit, and was troubled,

Commentary

John 11:33 describes a profound moment in the narrative of Lazarus's death and resurrection, revealing Jesus's deep emotional response to human suffering.

Context

This verse occurs as Jesus arrives in Bethany, four days after His friend Lazarus had died. He has already spoken with Martha, who expressed her faith in Him. Now, Mary, Lazarus's sister, comes to Him, accompanied by many Jews who had come to mourn. Their collective weeping, particularly Mary's, deeply affected Jesus. This scene sets the stage for one of Jesus's most powerful miracles, the raising of Lazarus from the dead, demonstrating His authority over life and death.

Key Themes

  • Jesus's Humanity and Empathy: This verse powerfully showcases Jesus's true humanity. He is not detached from human suffering but feels it acutely, demonstrating profound empathy for those in pain. He shares in their sorrow, even though He knows He is about to reverse the situation.
  • Indignation Against Death: The Greek words used suggest more than just sadness. Jesus's reaction is a deep inward turmoil, possibly a righteous indignation or holy anger at the devastating effects of sin and death on humanity, which He came to conquer.
  • Compassion and Love: His emotional response stems from His immense love for Mary, Martha, Lazarus, and indeed, all humanity. His sorrow is a testament to His compassionate heart.
  • The Reality of Grief: The scene validates the human experience of grief. Even in the presence of the One who is the Resurrection and the Life, tears are shed, acknowledging the pain and loss that death brings.

Linguistic Insights

The KJV translates Jesus's reaction with two significant phrases:

  • "groaned in the spirit": The Greek word here is embrimaomai (ἐμβριμάομαι). It implies a strong, deep emotion, often indignation, stern warning, or a snorting sound of displeasure. It suggests a powerful internal agitation, a deep stirring of emotion that is more than mere sadness—perhaps a holy anger against death, the enemy of life.
  • "was troubled": The Greek word is tarasso (ταράσσω), which means "to stir up," "to agitate," or "to perturb." It indicates an internal disturbance or outward manifestation of distress. Combined with embrimaomai, it paints a picture of Jesus being deeply moved and disturbed by the sorrow and the destructive power of death He witnessed.

Practical Application

John 11:33 offers profound comfort and insight for believers today:

  • God Understands Our Pain: This verse assures us that Jesus, our Lord, is not distant or uncaring in our suffering. He experiences and understands our grief, sorrow, and pain.
  • Grief is Valid: Jesus's reaction, even before performing a miracle, shows that it is natural and human to grieve. Our tears are not a sign of lack of faith, but an expression of the deep impact of loss.
  • Hope in His Victory: While Jesus felt the sting of death's presence, His subsequent action to raise Lazarus (see John 11:43-44) and ultimately His own resurrection, underscore His ultimate victory over death. His empathy precedes His power. This verse also leads directly into John 11:35, "Jesus wept," which further emphasizes His deep compassion.
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Cross-References

  • John 11:38 (7 votes)

    Jesus therefore again groaning in himself cometh to the grave. It was a cave, and a stone lay upon it.

  • John 12:27 (6 votes)

    Now is my soul troubled; and what shall I say? Father, save me from this hour: but for this cause came I unto this hour.

  • Mark 3:5 (6 votes)

    And when he had looked round about on them with anger, being grieved for the hardness of their hearts, he saith unto the man, Stretch forth thine hand. And he stretched [it] out: and his hand was restored whole as the other.

  • Romans 12:15 (5 votes)

    Rejoice with them that do rejoice, and weep with them that weep.

  • Genesis 43:30 (4 votes)

    And Joseph made haste; for his bowels did yearn upon his brother: and he sought [where] to weep; and he entered into [his] chamber, and wept there.

  • Genesis 43:31 (4 votes)

    And he washed his face, and went out, and refrained himself, and said, Set on bread.

  • Genesis 45:1 (3 votes)

    ¶ Then Joseph could not refrain himself before all them that stood by him; and he cried, Cause every man to go out from me. And there stood no man with him, while Joseph made himself known unto his brethren.