Job 4:1

¶ Then Eliphaz the Temanite answered and said,

Then Eliphaz {H464} the Temanite {H8489} answered {H6030} and said {H559},

Then Elifaz the Teimani spoke up:

Then Eliphaz the Temanite replied:

Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said,

Commentary

Job 4:1 marks a pivotal moment in the Book of Job, initiating the long and complex dialogue between Job and his three friends. After Job's profound lament and expression of despair in Job chapter 3, this verse introduces the first of his companions to speak.

Context

Following the immense tragedies that befell him—the loss of his children, possessions, and health—Job's initial response was one of silent grief. His three friends, Eliphaz the Temanite, Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite, had come to mourn with him and comfort him (Job 2:11). After seven days and nights of silence, Job finally breaks the silence with a curse on the day of his birth. It is in direct response to this outburst of suffering that Eliphaz steps forward.

Eliphaz is presented as the oldest and perhaps the most respected or experienced of the three friends. His homeland, Teman, was historically associated with wisdom and sagacity (see Jeremiah 49:7 and Obadiah 1:9). Therefore, his words carry a certain weight and are presented as coming from a place of considered thought, though ultimately misguided.

Key Themes

  • The Commencement of Dialogue: This verse signals the end of the silent mourning period and the beginning of the theological debate that forms the bulk of the Book of Job. It sets the stage for the friends' attempts to explain Job's suffering based on their traditional understanding of divine justice.
  • Human Response to Suffering: Eliphaz's decision to speak highlights the human tendency to offer explanations or advice when confronted with deep, inexplicable pain, even if those explanations are flawed.
  • The Nature of Counsel: The verse introduces the first voice of counsel offered to Job, which, while initially seemingly compassionate, will ultimately prove to be unhelpful and even accusatory, leading to further distress for Job.

Linguistic Insights

The KJV phrase "answered and said" translates the Hebrew word wayyaʿan (וַיַּעַן), which literally means "and he answered." This emphasizes that Eliphaz's speech is a direct and immediate response to Job's lament in the previous chapter. It is not an unsolicited discourse but a reply, suggesting a perceived need to correct or address Job's desperate words.

Practical Application

Job 4:1, though brief, serves as a powerful reminder of the delicate nature of ministering to those in profound distress. It foreshadows the challenges of offering counsel, particularly when our understanding of suffering is limited or based on rigid theological frameworks. The verse encourages us to consider:

  • The importance of truly listening to someone's pain before rushing to provide answers or explanations.
  • The potential for even well-intentioned advice to miss the mark or cause further hurt if it lacks empathy or a deeper understanding of God's ways.

It sets the stage for a dramatic exploration of faith, suffering, and divine justice that continues to resonate with readers today.

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Cross-References

  • Job 6:1 (2 votes)

    ¶ But Job answered and said,

  • Job 2:11 (2 votes)

    ¶ Now when Job's three friends heard of all this evil that was come upon him, they came every one from his own place; Eliphaz the Temanite, and Bildad the Shuhite, and Zophar the Naamathite: for they had made an appointment together to come to mourn with him and to comfort him.

  • Job 3:1 (2 votes)

    ¶ After this opened Job his mouth, and cursed his day.

  • Job 3:2 (2 votes)

    And Job spake, and said,

  • Job 15:1 (2 votes)

    ¶ Then answered Eliphaz the Temanite, and said,

  • Job 42:9 (2 votes)

    So Eliphaz the Temanite and Bildad the Shuhite [and] Zophar the Naamathite went, and did according as the LORD commanded them: the LORD also accepted Job.

  • Job 8:1 (2 votes)

    ¶ Then answered Bildad the Shuhite, and said,