Hath given forth upon usury, and hath taken increase: shall he then live? he shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him.
Hath given forth {H5414} upon usury {H5392}, and hath taken {H3947} increase {H8636}: shall he then live {H2425}? he shall not live {H2421}: he hath done {H6213} all these abominations {H8441}; he shall surely {H4191} die {H4191}; his blood {H1818} shall be upon him.
demands and accepts interest. Should he live? He will not live, because he has engaged in all these disgusting practices - he must be put to death; his blood is on him.
He engages in usury and takes excess interest. Will this son live? He will not! Since he has committed all these abominations, he will surely die; his blood will be on his own head.
hath given forth upon interest, and hath taken increase; shall he then live? he shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him.
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Leviticus 20:9
For every one that curseth his father or his mother shall be surely put to death: he hath cursed his father or his mother; his blood [shall be] upon him. -
Ezekiel 3:18
When I say unto the wicked, Thou shalt surely die; and thou givest him not warning, nor speakest to warn the wicked from his wicked way, to save his life; the same wicked [man] shall die in his iniquity; but his blood will I require at thine hand. -
Ezekiel 18:8
He [that] hath not given forth upon usury, neither hath taken any increase, [that] hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true judgment between man and man, -
Exodus 22:25
¶ If thou lend money to [any of] my people [that is] poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury. -
Ezekiel 33:4
Then whosoever heareth the sound of the trumpet, and taketh not warning; if the sword come, and take him away, his blood shall be upon his own head. -
Ezekiel 33:5
He heard the sound of the trumpet, and took not warning; his blood shall be upon him. But he that taketh warning shall deliver his soul. -
Ezekiel 18:32
For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith the Lord GOD: wherefore turn [yourselves], and live ye.
Ezekiel 18:13 KJV: "Hath given forth upon usury, and hath taken increase: shall he then live? he shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him."
Context of Ezekiel 18:13
Ezekiel 18 is a pivotal chapter in the prophetic book of Ezekiel, delivered to the Jewish exiles in Babylon. It directly confronts a common proverb circulating among the people: "The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge" (Ezekiel 18:2). This proverb implied that the current generation was suffering due to the sins of their ancestors, absolving them of personal responsibility. God, through Ezekiel, emphatically refutes this notion, declaring that each individual is accountable for their own actions. Verse 13 specifically describes the third generation in a lineage (son of a righteous man, father of a wicked man), highlighting one of the wicked deeds that brings about divine judgment: usury and taking excessive interest.
Key Themes
Linguistic Insights
The terms "usury" (Hebrew: neshek, נֶשֶׁךְ) and "increase" (Hebrew: tarbith, תַּרְבִּית) refer to the practice of lending money or goods at interest, particularly to a fellow Israelite. The Mosaic Law strictly prohibited this practice, especially when dealing with the poor or those in distress (Exodus 22:25; Leviticus 25:36-37; Deuteronomy 23:19-20). While modern financial systems operate differently, the underlying principle condemned here is exploitation and oppression of the vulnerable through excessive or predatory lending. The phrase "his blood shall be upon him" is a strong legal and moral declaration, indicating that the guilt for the death or judgment rests entirely on the individual who committed the sin, affirming their full culpability.
Practical Application
Ezekiel 18:13, within its broader chapter, offers timeless principles for believers today: