Ecclesiastes 8:11

Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil.

Because sentence {H6599} against an evil {H7451} work {H4639} is not executed {H6213} speedily {H4120}, therefore the heart {H3820} of the sons {H1121} of men {H120} is fully set {H4390} in them to do {H6213} evil {H7451}.

because the punishment decreed for an evil act is not promptly carried out; therefore people who plan to do evil are strengthened in their intentions.

When the sentence for a crime is not speedily executed, the hearts of men become fully set on doing evil.

Because sentence against an evil work is not executed speedily, therefore the heart of the sons of men is fully set in them to do evil.

Commentary

Ecclesiastes 8:11 offers a profound observation on human nature and divine justice, highlighting how the apparent delay in consequences for wrongdoing can embolden individuals to persist in sin. The Preacher (Qoheleth) here delves into the psychological and moral impact of deferred judgment.

Context

This verse is situated within a section of Ecclesiastes where the Preacher grapples with the complexities of life "under the sun," particularly the perplexing issue of justice. Chapter 8 often discusses the limitations of human wisdom and the apparent unfairness of the world, where the wicked sometimes prosper and the righteous suffer (Ecclesiastes 8:14). Amidst this struggle, the verse explains one reason for the prevalence of evil: the lack of immediate divine retribution. It's an observation on human behavior, not a theological statement on God's character, though it touches upon the implications of His timing.

Key Themes

  • Delayed Justice and Divine Patience: The verse notes that God's judgment is not always instantaneous. This delay, while a testament to God's patience and long-suffering, is often misinterpreted by humanity.
  • Human Tendency Towards Evil: The core message is that when immediate consequences are absent, the human heart becomes more resolute and uninhibited in its pursuit of wickedness. It reveals a cynical view of human nature, suggesting that fear of punishment is a primary deterrent for many.
  • The Heart's Inclination: The phrase "fully set in them to do evil" emphasizes the deep-seated inclination towards sin within the human heart when external restraints are perceived as weak or distant. This aligns with other biblical perspectives on the deceitfulness of the human heart.

Linguistic Insights

  • The Hebrew word for "sentence" is mishpat (ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜), which can refer to a judgment, verdict, or decree. Here, it signifies the pronouncement and execution of divine justice.
  • "Executed speedily" implies an immediate or swift enforcement of the verdict. The lack of this swiftness is what the Preacher observes.
  • "Fully set" comes from the Hebrew word male (ืžึธืœึตื), meaning "full" or "filled." It conveys the idea that the heart is completely, utterly, and resolutely dedicated or determined to commit evil, leaving no room for hesitation or moral restraint.

Practical Application

Ecclesiastes 8:11 serves as a stark warning about the danger of presuming upon God's patience. While divine judgment may not be immediate, it is certain. This verse challenges individuals and societies to consider the long-term consequences of their actions, rather than being emboldened by the absence of swift retribution. It underscores the importance of developing an internal moral compass and a reverence for God, rather than relying solely on external deterrents. Understanding this principle encourages believers to pursue righteousness not out of fear of immediate punishment, but out of a love for God and a recognition that all will ultimately give an account before Him.

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Cross-References

  • Isaiah 26:10

    Let favour be shewed to the wicked, [yet] will he not learn righteousness: in the land of uprightness will he deal unjustly, and will not behold the majesty of the LORD.

  • Psalms 50:21

    These [things] hast thou done, and I kept silence; thou thoughtest that I was altogether [such an one] as thyself: [but] I will reprove thee, and set [them] in order before thine eyes.

  • Psalms 50:22

    Now consider this, ye that forget God, lest I tear [you] in pieces, and [there be] none to deliver.

  • Romans 2:4

    Or despisest thou the riches of his goodness and forbearance and longsuffering; not knowing that the goodness of God leadeth thee to repentance?

  • Romans 2:5

    But after thy hardness and impenitent heart treasurest up unto thyself wrath against the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God;

  • 2 Peter 3:3

    ยถ Knowing this first, that there shall come in the last days scoffers, walking after their own lusts,

  • 2 Peter 3:10

    But the day of the Lord will come as a thief in the night; in the which the heavens shall pass away with a great noise, and the elements shall melt with fervent heat, the earth also and the works that are therein shall be burned up.